Release 0.22.2 (#1570)

* update macos libs

* modify dependency

* changelog

* update core-video-sys version

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
   Check_Formatting:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
     - uses: hecrj/setup-rust-action@v1
       with:
         rust-version: stable
@@ -37,25 +37,25 @@ jobs:
           - { target: i686-pc-windows-gnu,      os: windows-latest, host: -i686-pc-windows-gnu }
           - { target: i686-unknown-linux-gnu,   os: ubuntu-latest,   }
           - { target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu, os: ubuntu-latest,   }
+          - { target: aarch64-linux-android,    os: ubuntu-latest,  cmd: 'apk --' }
           - { target: x86_64-apple-darwin,      os: macos-latest,    }
           - { target: x86_64-apple-ios,         os: macos-latest,    }
-          - { target: armv7-apple-ios,          os: macos-latest,    }
           - { target: aarch64-apple-ios,        os: macos-latest,    }
           # We're using Windows rather than Ubuntu to run the wasm tests because caching cargo-web
           # doesn't currently work on Linux.
-          - { target: wasm32-unknown-unknown,   os: windows-latest, features: stdweb,  web: web }
-          - { target: wasm32-unknown-unknown,   os: windows-latest, features: web-sys, web: web }
+          - { target: wasm32-unknown-unknown,   os: windows-latest, features: stdweb,  cmd: web }
+          - { target: wasm32-unknown-unknown,   os: windows-latest, features: web-sys, cmd: web }
 
     env:
       RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
       CARGO_INCREMENTAL: 0
       RUSTFLAGS: "-C debuginfo=0"
       FEATURES: ${{ format(',{0}', matrix.platform.features ) }}
-      WEB: ${{ matrix.platform.web }}
+      CMD: ${{ matrix.platform.cmd }}
 
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform.os }}
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
     # Used to cache cargo-web
     - name: Cache cargo folder
       uses: actions/cache@v1
@@ -71,6 +71,9 @@ jobs:
     - name: Install GCC Multilib
       if: (matrix.platform.os == 'ubuntu-latest') && contains(matrix.platform.target, 'i686')
       run: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib
+    - name: Install cargo-apk
+      if: contains(matrix.platform.target, 'android')
+      run: cargo install cargo-apk
     - name: Install cargo-web
       continue-on-error: true
       if: contains(matrix.platform.target, 'wasm32')
@@ -79,29 +82,35 @@ jobs:
     - name: Check documentation
       shell: bash
       if: matrix.platform.target != 'wasm32-unknown-unknown'
-      run: cargo doc --no-deps --target ${{ matrix.platform.target }} --features $FEATURES
+      run: cargo $CMD doc --no-deps --target ${{ matrix.platform.target }} --features $FEATURES
 
     - name: Build
       shell: bash
-      run: cargo $WEB build --verbose --target ${{ matrix.platform.target }} --features $FEATURES
+      run: cargo $CMD build --verbose --target ${{ matrix.platform.target }} --features $FEATURES
 
     - name: Build tests
       shell: bash
-      run: cargo $WEB test --no-run --verbose --target ${{ matrix.platform.target }} --features $FEATURES
+      run: cargo $CMD test --no-run --verbose --target ${{ matrix.platform.target }} --features $FEATURES
     - name: Run tests
       shell: bash
-      if: (!contains(matrix.platform.target, 'ios') && !contains(matrix.platform.target, 'wasm32'))
-      run: cargo $WEB test --verbose --target ${{ matrix.platform.target }} --features $FEATURES
+      if: (
+        !contains(matrix.platform.target, 'android') &&
+        !contains(matrix.platform.target, 'ios') &&
+        !contains(matrix.platform.target, 'wasm32'))
+      run: cargo $CMD test --verbose --target ${{ matrix.platform.target }} --features $FEATURES
 
 
     - name: Build with serde enabled
       shell: bash
-      run: cargo $WEB build --verbose --target ${{ matrix.platform.target }} --features serde,$FEATURES
+      run: cargo $CMD build --verbose --target ${{ matrix.platform.target }} --features serde,$FEATURES
 
     - name: Build tests with serde enabled
       shell: bash
-      run: cargo $WEB test --no-run --verbose --target ${{ matrix.platform.target }} --features serde,$FEATURES
+      run: cargo $CMD test --no-run --verbose --target ${{ matrix.platform.target }} --features serde,$FEATURES
     - name: Run tests with serde enabled
       shell: bash
-      if: (!contains(matrix.platform.target, 'ios') && !contains(matrix.platform.target, 'wasm32'))
-      run: cargo $WEB test --verbose --target ${{ matrix.platform.target }} --features serde,$FEATURES
+      if: (
+        !contains(matrix.platform.target, 'android') &&
+        !contains(matrix.platform.target, 'ios') &&
+        !contains(matrix.platform.target, 'wasm32'))
+      run: cargo $CMD test --verbose --target ${{ matrix.platform.target }} --features serde,$FEATURES

.github/workflows/publish.yml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ jobs:
   Publish:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
     - uses: hecrj/setup-rust-action@v1
       with:
         rust-version: stable

.gitignore

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ Cargo.lock
 target/
 rls/
 .vscode/
-util/
 *~
 *.wasm
 *.ts

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,5 +1,60 @@
 # Unreleased
 
+# 0.22.2 (2020-05-16)
+
+- Added Clone implementation for 'static events.
+- On Windows, fix window intermittently hanging when `ControlFlow` was set to `Poll`.
+- On Windows, fix `WindowBuilder::with_maximized` being ignored.
+- On Android, minimal platform support.
+- On iOS, touch positions are now properly converted to physical pixels.
+- On macOS, updated core-* dependencies and cocoa
+
+# 0.22.1 (2020-04-16)
+
+- On X11, fix `ResumeTimeReached` being fired too early.
+- On Web, replaced zero timeout for `ControlFlow::Poll` with `requestAnimationFrame`
+- On Web, fix a possible panic during event handling
+- On macOS, fix `EventLoopProxy` leaking memory for every instance.
+
+# 0.22.0 (2020-03-09)
+
+- On Windows, fix minor timing issue in wait_until_time_or_msg
+- On Windows, rework handling of request_redraw() to address panics.
+- On macOS, fix `set_simple_screen` to remember frame excluding title bar.
+- On Wayland, fix coordinates in touch events when scale factor isn't 1.
+- On Wayland, fix color from `close_button_icon_color` not applying.
+- Ignore locale if unsupported by X11 backend
+- On Wayland, Add HiDPI cursor support
+- On Web, add the ability to query "Light" or "Dark" system theme send `ThemeChanged` on change.
+- Fix `Event::to_static` returning `None` for user events.
+- On Wayland, Hide CSD for fullscreen windows.
+- On Windows, ignore spurious mouse move messages.
+- **Breaking:** Move `ModifiersChanged` variant from `DeviceEvent` to `WindowEvent`.
+- On Windows, add `IconExtWindows` trait which exposes creating an `Icon` from an external file or embedded resource
+- Add `BadIcon::OsError` variant for when OS icon functionality fails
+- On Windows, fix crash at startup on systems that do not properly support Windows' Dark Mode
+- Revert On macOS, fix not sending ReceivedCharacter event for specific keys combinations.
+- on macOS, fix incorrect ReceivedCharacter events for some key combinations.
+- **Breaking:** Use `i32` instead of `u32` for position type in `WindowEvent::Moved`.
+- On macOS, a mouse motion event is now generated before every mouse click.
+
+# 0.21.0 (2020-02-04)
+
+- On Windows, fixed "error: linking with `link.exe` failed: exit code: 1120" error on older versions of windows.
+- On macOS, fix set_minimized(true) works only with decorations.
+- On macOS, add `hide_application` to `EventLoopWindowTarget` via a new `EventLoopWindowTargetExtMacOS` trait. `hide_application` will hide the entire application by calling `-[NSApplication hide: nil]`.
+- On macOS, fix not sending ReceivedCharacter event for specific keys combinations.
+- On macOS, fix `CursorMoved` event reporting the cursor position using logical coordinates.
+- On macOS, fix issue where unbundled applications would sometimes open without being focused.
+- On macOS, fix `run_return` does not return unless it receives a message.
+- On Windows, fix bug where `RedrawRequested` would only get emitted every other iteration of the event loop.
+- On X11, fix deadlock on window state when handling certain window events.
+- `WindowBuilder` now implements `Default`.
+- **Breaking:** `WindowEvent::CursorMoved` changed to `f64` units, preserving high-precision data supplied by most backends
+- On Wayland, fix coordinates in mouse events when scale factor isn't 1
+- On Web, add the ability to provide a custom canvas
+- **Breaking:** On Wayland, the `WaylandTheme` struct has been replaced with a `Theme` trait, allowing for extra configuration
+
 # 0.20.0 (2020-01-05)
 
 - On X11, fix `ModifiersChanged` emitting incorrect modifier change events
@@ -20,7 +75,7 @@
 - On all platforms except mobile and WASM, implement `Window::set_minimized`.
 - On X11, fix `CursorEntered` event being generated for non-winit windows.
 - On macOS, fix crash when starting maximized without decorations.
-- On macOS, fix application not to terminate on `run_return`.
+- On macOS, fix application not terminating on `run_return`.
 - On Wayland, fix cursor icon updates on window borders when using CSD.
 - On Wayland, under mutter(GNOME Wayland), fix CSD being behind the status bar, when starting window in maximized mode.
 - On Windows, theme the title bar according to whether the system theme is "Light" or "Dark".

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "winit"
-version = "0.20.0"
+version = "0.22.2"
 authors = ["The winit contributors", "Pierre Krieger <pierre.krieger1708@gmail.com>"]
 description = "Cross-platform window creation library."
 edition = "2018"
@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ documentation = "https://docs.rs/winit"
 categories = ["gui"]
 
 [package.metadata.docs.rs]
-features = ["serde"]
+features = ["serde", "web-sys"]
+default-target = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
+targets = ["i686-pc-windows-msvc", "x86_64-pc-windows-msvc", "i686-unknown-linux-gnu", "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu", "x86_64-apple-darwin", "wasm32-unknown-unknown"]
 
 [features]
 web-sys = ["web_sys", "wasm-bindgen", "instant/wasm-bindgen"]
@@ -28,24 +30,26 @@ raw-window-handle = "0.3"
 bitflags = "1"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
-image = "0.21"
-env_logger = "0.5"
+image = "0.23"
+simple_logger = "1"
 
-[target.'cfg(target_os = "android")'.dependencies.android_glue]
-version = "0.2"
+[target.'cfg(target_os = "android")'.dependencies]
+ndk = "0.1.0"
+ndk-sys = "0.1.0"
+ndk-glue = "0.1.0"
 
 [target.'cfg(target_os = "ios")'.dependencies]
 objc = "0.2.3"
 
 [target.'cfg(target_os = "macos")'.dependencies]
-cocoa = "0.19.1"
-core-foundation = "0.6"
-core-graphics = "0.17.3"
-dispatch = "0.1.4"
+cocoa = "0.20"
+core-foundation = "0.7"
+core-graphics = "0.19"
+dispatch = "0.2.0"
 objc = "0.2.6"
 
 [target.'cfg(target_os = "macos")'.dependencies.core-video-sys]
-version = "0.1.3"
+version = "0.1.4"
 default_features = false
 features = ["display_link"]
 
@@ -77,8 +81,8 @@ features = [
 wayland-client = { version = "0.23.0", features = [ "dlopen", "egl", "cursor", "eventloop"] }
 mio = "0.6"
 mio-extras = "2.0"
-smithay-client-toolkit = "0.6"
-x11-dl = "2.18.3"
+smithay-client-toolkit = "^0.6.6"
+x11-dl = "2.18.5"
 percent-encoding = "2.0"
 
 [target.'cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "dragonfly", target_os = "freebsd", target_os = "openbsd", target_os = "netbsd", target_os = "windows"))'.dependencies.parking_lot]
@@ -101,6 +105,8 @@ features = [
     'HtmlCanvasElement',
     'HtmlElement',
     'KeyboardEvent',
+    'MediaQueryList',
+    'MediaQueryListEvent',
     'MouseEvent',
     'Node',
     'PointerEvent',

FEATURES.md

@@ -109,8 +109,8 @@ If your PR makes notable changes to Winit's features, please update this section
   translating keypresses into UTF-8 characters, handling dead keys and IMEs.
 - **Drag & Drop**: Dragging content into winit, detecting when content enters, drops, or if the drop is cancelled.
 - **Raw Device Events**: Capturing input from input devices without any OS filtering.
-- **Gamepad/Joystick events**: Capturing input from gampads and joysticks.
-- **Device movement events:**: Capturing input from the device gyroscope and accelerometer.
+- **Gamepad/Joystick events**: Capturing input from gamepads and joysticks.
+- **Device movement events**: Capturing input from the device gyroscope and accelerometer.
 
 ## Platform
 ### Windows
@@ -149,6 +149,9 @@ If your PR makes notable changes to Winit's features, please update this section
 * Getting the device idiom
 * Getting the preferred video mode
 
+### Web
+* Get if systems preferred color scheme is "dark"
+
 ## Usability
 * `serde`: Enables serialization/deserialization of certain types with Serde. (Maintainer: @Osspial)
 

README.md

@@ -2,12 +2,11 @@
 
 [![Crates.io](https://img.shields.io/crates/v/winit.svg)](https://crates.io/crates/winit)
 [![Docs.rs](https://docs.rs/winit/badge.svg)](https://docs.rs/winit)
-[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/rust-windowing/winit.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/rust-windowing/winit)
-[![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/hr89but4x1n3dphq/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/Osspial/winit/branch/master)
+[![CI Status](https://github.com/rust-windowing/winit/workflows/CI/badge.svg)](https://github.com/rust-windowing/winit/actions)
 
 ```toml
 [dependencies]
-winit = "0.20.0"
+winit = "0.22.2"
 ```
 
 ## [Documentation](https://docs.rs/winit)
@@ -46,12 +45,14 @@ fn main() {
     let window = WindowBuilder::new().build(&event_loop).unwrap();
 
     event_loop.run(move |event, _, control_flow| {
+        *control_flow = ControlFlow::Wait;
+
         match event {
             Event::WindowEvent {
                 event: WindowEvent::CloseRequested,
                 window_id,
             } if window_id == window.id() => *control_flow = ControlFlow::Exit,
-            _ => *control_flow = ControlFlow::Wait,
+            _ => (),
         }
     });
 }
@@ -75,3 +76,22 @@ Building a binary will yield a `.js` file. In order to use it in an HTML file, y
   the element of the `<canvas>` element (in the example you would retrieve it via `document.getElementById("my_id")`).
   More information [here](https://kripken.github.io/emscripten-site/docs/api_reference/module.html).
 - Make sure that you insert the `.js` file generated by Rust after the `Module` variable is created.
+
+#### Android
+
+This library makes use of the [ndk-rs](https://github.com/rust-windowing/android-ndk-rs) crates, refer to that repo for more documentation.
+
+Running on an Android device needs a dynamic system library, add this to Cargo.toml:
+```toml
+[[example]]
+name = "request_redraw_threaded"
+crate-type = ["cdylib"]
+```
+
+And add this to the example file to add the native activity glue:
+```rust
+#[cfg(target_os = "android")]
+ndk_glue::ndk_glue!(main);
+```
+
+And run the application with `cargo apk run --example request_redraw_threaded`

examples/control_flow.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+use std::{thread, time};
+
+use winit::{
+    event::{Event, KeyboardInput, WindowEvent},
+    event_loop::{ControlFlow, EventLoop},
+    window::WindowBuilder,
+};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+enum Mode {
+    Wait,
+    WaitUntil,
+    Poll,
+}
+
+const WAIT_TIME: time::Duration = time::Duration::from_millis(100);
+const POLL_SLEEP_TIME: time::Duration = time::Duration::from_millis(100);
+
+fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
+
+    println!("Press '1' to switch to Wait mode.");
+    println!("Press '2' to switch to WaitUntil mode.");
+    println!("Press '3' to switch to Poll mode.");
+    println!("Press 'R' to toggle request_redraw() calls.");
+    println!("Press 'Esc' to close the window.");
+
+    let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
+    let window = WindowBuilder::new()
+        .with_title("Press 1, 2, 3 to change control flow mode. Press R to toggle redraw requests.")
+        .build(&event_loop)
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let mut mode = Mode::Wait;
+    let mut request_redraw = false;
+    let mut wait_cancelled = false;
+    let mut close_requested = false;
+
+    event_loop.run(move |event, _, control_flow| {
+        use winit::event::{ElementState, StartCause, VirtualKeyCode};
+        println!("{:?}", event);
+        match event {
+            Event::NewEvents(start_cause) => {
+                wait_cancelled = match start_cause {
+                    StartCause::WaitCancelled { .. } => mode == Mode::WaitUntil,
+                    _ => false,
+                }
+            }
+            Event::WindowEvent { event, .. } => match event {
+                WindowEvent::CloseRequested => {
+                    close_requested = true;
+                }
+                WindowEvent::KeyboardInput {
+                    input:
+                        KeyboardInput {
+                            virtual_keycode: Some(virtual_code),
+                            state: ElementState::Pressed,
+                            ..
+                        },
+                    ..
+                } => match virtual_code {
+                    VirtualKeyCode::Key1 => {
+                        mode = Mode::Wait;
+                        println!("\nmode: {:?}\n", mode);
+                    }
+                    VirtualKeyCode::Key2 => {
+                        mode = Mode::WaitUntil;
+                        println!("\nmode: {:?}\n", mode);
+                    }
+                    VirtualKeyCode::Key3 => {
+                        mode = Mode::Poll;
+                        println!("\nmode: {:?}\n", mode);
+                    }
+                    VirtualKeyCode::R => {
+                        request_redraw = !request_redraw;
+                        println!("\nrequest_redraw: {}\n", request_redraw);
+                    }
+                    VirtualKeyCode::Escape => {
+                        close_requested = true;
+                    }
+                    _ => (),
+                },
+                _ => (),
+            },
+            Event::MainEventsCleared => {
+                if request_redraw && !wait_cancelled && !close_requested {
+                    window.request_redraw();
+                }
+                if close_requested {
+                    *control_flow = ControlFlow::Exit;
+                }
+            }
+            Event::RedrawRequested(_window_id) => {}
+            Event::RedrawEventsCleared => {
+                *control_flow = match mode {
+                    Mode::Wait => ControlFlow::Wait,
+                    Mode::WaitUntil => {
+                        if wait_cancelled {
+                            *control_flow
+                        } else {
+                            ControlFlow::WaitUntil(time::Instant::now() + WAIT_TIME)
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Mode::Poll => {
+                        thread::sleep(POLL_SLEEP_TIME);
+                        ControlFlow::Poll
+                    }
+                };
+            }
+            _ => (),
+        }
+    });
+}

examples/cursor.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use winit::{
 };
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 
     let window = WindowBuilder::new().build(&event_loop).unwrap();

examples/cursor_grab.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use winit::{
 };
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 
     let window = WindowBuilder::new()
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ fn main() {
                         _ => (),
                     }
                 }
+                WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged(m) => modifiers = m,
                 _ => (),
             },
             Event::DeviceEvent { event, .. } => match event {
@@ -45,7 +47,6 @@ fn main() {
                     ElementState::Pressed => println!("mouse button {} pressed", button),
                     ElementState::Released => println!("mouse button {} released", button),
                 },
-                DeviceEvent::ModifiersChanged(m) => modifiers = m,
                 _ => (),
             },
             _ => (),

examples/custom_events.rs

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ fn main() {
         Timer,
     }
 
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::<CustomEvent>::with_user_event();
 
     let _window = WindowBuilder::new()

examples/fullscreen.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use winit::monitor::{MonitorHandle, VideoMode};
 use winit::window::{Fullscreen, WindowBuilder};
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 
     print!("Please choose the fullscreen mode: (1) exclusive, (2) borderless: ");

examples/handling_close.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use winit::{
 };
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 
     let _window = WindowBuilder::new()

examples/min_max_size.rs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use winit::{
 };
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 
     let window = WindowBuilder::new().build(&event_loop).unwrap();

examples/minimize.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use winit::event_loop::{ControlFlow, EventLoop};
 use winit::window::WindowBuilder;
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 
     let window = WindowBuilder::new()

examples/monitor_list.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use winit::{event_loop::EventLoop, window::WindowBuilder};
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
     let window = WindowBuilder::new().build(&event_loop).unwrap();
 

examples/multithreaded.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
 fn main() {
-    extern crate env_logger;
-
     use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::mpsc, thread, time::Duration};
 
     use winit::{
@@ -14,7 +12,7 @@ fn main() {
     const WINDOW_COUNT: usize = 3;
     const WINDOW_SIZE: PhysicalSize<u32> = PhysicalSize::new(600, 400);
 
-    env_logger::init();
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
     let mut window_senders = HashMap::with_capacity(WINDOW_COUNT);
     for _ in 0..WINDOW_COUNT {

examples/multiwindow.rs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use winit::{
 };
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 
     let mut windows = HashMap::new();

examples/request_redraw.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use winit::{
 };
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 
     let window = WindowBuilder::new()

examples/request_redraw_threaded.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+use std::{thread, time};
+
+use winit::{
+    event::{Event, WindowEvent},
+    event_loop::{ControlFlow, EventLoop},
+    window::WindowBuilder,
+};
+
+fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
+    let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
+
+    let window = WindowBuilder::new()
+        .with_title("A fantastic window!")
+        .build(&event_loop)
+        .unwrap();
+
+    thread::spawn(move || loop {
+        thread::sleep(time::Duration::from_secs(1));
+        window.request_redraw();
+    });
+
+    event_loop.run(move |event, _, control_flow| {
+        println!("{:?}", event);
+
+        *control_flow = ControlFlow::Wait;
+
+        match event {
+            Event::WindowEvent { event, .. } => match event {
+                WindowEvent::CloseRequested => *control_flow = ControlFlow::Exit,
+                _ => (),
+            },
+            Event::RedrawRequested(_) => {
+                println!("\nredrawing!\n");
+            }
+            _ => (),
+        }
+    });
+}

examples/resizable.rs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use winit::{
 };
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 
     let mut resizable = false;

examples/timer.rs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use winit::{
 };
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 
     let _window = WindowBuilder::new()

examples/transparent.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use winit::{
 };
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 
     let window = WindowBuilder::new()

examples/video_modes.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use winit::event_loop::EventLoop;
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
     let monitor = event_loop.primary_monitor();
 

examples/window.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use winit::{
 };
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 
     let window = WindowBuilder::new()

examples/window_debug.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use winit::{
 };
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 
     let window = WindowBuilder::new()

examples/window_icon.rs

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ use winit::{
 };
 
 fn main() {
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
+
     // You'll have to choose an icon size at your own discretion. On X11, the desired size varies
     // by WM, and on Windows, you still have to account for screen scaling. Here we use 32px,
     // since it seems to work well enough in most cases. Be careful about going too high, or
@@ -43,13 +45,11 @@ fn main() {
 
 fn load_icon(path: &Path) -> Icon {
     let (icon_rgba, icon_width, icon_height) = {
-        let image = image::open(path).expect("Failed to open icon path");
-        use image::{GenericImageView, Pixel};
+        let image = image::open(path)
+            .expect("Failed to open icon path")
+            .into_rgba();
         let (width, height) = image.dimensions();
-        let mut rgba = Vec::with_capacity((width * height) as usize * 4);
-        for (_, _, pixel) in image.pixels() {
-            rgba.extend_from_slice(&pixel.to_rgba().data);
-        }
+        let rgba = image.into_raw();
         (rgba, width, height)
     };
     Icon::from_rgba(icon_rgba, icon_width, icon_height).expect("Failed to open icon")

examples/window_run_return.rs

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ fn main() {
     };
     let mut event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 
+    simple_logger::init().unwrap();
     let _window = WindowBuilder::new()
         .with_title("A fantastic window!")
         .build(&event_loop)
@@ -27,6 +28,8 @@ fn main() {
 
     while !quit {
         event_loop.run_return(|event, _, control_flow| {
+            *control_flow = ControlFlow::Wait;
+
             if let Event::WindowEvent { event, .. } = &event {
                 // Print only Window events to reduce noise
                 println!("{:?}", event);
@@ -42,7 +45,7 @@ fn main() {
                 Event::MainEventsCleared => {
                     *control_flow = ControlFlow::Exit;
                 }
-                _ => *control_flow = ControlFlow::Wait,
+                _ => (),
             }
         });
 

src/dpi.rs

@@ -151,8 +151,8 @@ impl Pixel for f64 {
 /// anywhere other than winit, it's recommended to validate them using this function before passing them to winit;
 /// otherwise, you risk panics.
 #[inline]
-pub fn validate_scale_factor(dpi_factor: f64) -> bool {
-    dpi_factor.is_sign_positive() && dpi_factor.is_normal()
+pub fn validate_scale_factor(scale_factor: f64) -> bool {
+    scale_factor.is_sign_positive() && scale_factor.is_normal()
 }
 
 /// A position represented in logical pixels.
@@ -178,16 +178,16 @@ impl<P: Pixel> LogicalPosition<P> {
     #[inline]
     pub fn from_physical<T: Into<PhysicalPosition<X>>, X: Pixel>(
         physical: T,
-        dpi_factor: f64,
+        scale_factor: f64,
     ) -> Self {
-        physical.into().to_logical(dpi_factor)
+        physical.into().to_logical(scale_factor)
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn to_physical<X: Pixel>(&self, dpi_factor: f64) -> PhysicalPosition<X> {
-        assert!(validate_scale_factor(dpi_factor));
-        let x = self.x.into() * dpi_factor;
-        let y = self.y.into() * dpi_factor;
+    pub fn to_physical<X: Pixel>(&self, scale_factor: f64) -> PhysicalPosition<X> {
+        assert!(validate_scale_factor(scale_factor));
+        let x = self.x.into() * scale_factor;
+        let y = self.y.into() * scale_factor;
         PhysicalPosition::new(x, y).cast()
     }
 
@@ -243,16 +243,16 @@ impl<P: Pixel> PhysicalPosition<P> {
     #[inline]
     pub fn from_logical<T: Into<LogicalPosition<X>>, X: Pixel>(
         logical: T,
-        dpi_factor: f64,
+        scale_factor: f64,
     ) -> Self {
-        logical.into().to_physical(dpi_factor)
+        logical.into().to_physical(scale_factor)
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn to_logical<X: Pixel>(&self, dpi_factor: f64) -> LogicalPosition<X> {
-        assert!(validate_scale_factor(dpi_factor));
-        let x = self.x.into() / dpi_factor;
-        let y = self.y.into() / dpi_factor;
+    pub fn to_logical<X: Pixel>(&self, scale_factor: f64) -> LogicalPosition<X> {
+        assert!(validate_scale_factor(scale_factor));
+        let x = self.x.into() / scale_factor;
+        let y = self.y.into() / scale_factor;
         LogicalPosition::new(x, y).cast()
     }
 
@@ -306,15 +306,18 @@ impl<P> LogicalSize<P> {
 
 impl<P: Pixel> LogicalSize<P> {
     #[inline]
-    pub fn from_physical<T: Into<PhysicalSize<X>>, X: Pixel>(physical: T, dpi_factor: f64) -> Self {
-        physical.into().to_logical(dpi_factor)
+    pub fn from_physical<T: Into<PhysicalSize<X>>, X: Pixel>(
+        physical: T,
+        scale_factor: f64,
+    ) -> Self {
+        physical.into().to_logical(scale_factor)
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn to_physical<X: Pixel>(&self, dpi_factor: f64) -> PhysicalSize<X> {
-        assert!(validate_scale_factor(dpi_factor));
-        let width = self.width.into() * dpi_factor;
-        let height = self.height.into() * dpi_factor;
+    pub fn to_physical<X: Pixel>(&self, scale_factor: f64) -> PhysicalSize<X> {
+        assert!(validate_scale_factor(scale_factor));
+        let width = self.width.into() * scale_factor;
+        let height = self.height.into() * scale_factor;
         PhysicalSize::new(width, height).cast()
     }
 
@@ -368,15 +371,15 @@ impl<P> PhysicalSize<P> {
 
 impl<P: Pixel> PhysicalSize<P> {
     #[inline]
-    pub fn from_logical<T: Into<LogicalSize<X>>, X: Pixel>(logical: T, dpi_factor: f64) -> Self {
-        logical.into().to_physical(dpi_factor)
+    pub fn from_logical<T: Into<LogicalSize<X>>, X: Pixel>(logical: T, scale_factor: f64) -> Self {
+        logical.into().to_physical(scale_factor)
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn to_logical<X: Pixel>(&self, dpi_factor: f64) -> LogicalSize<X> {
-        assert!(validate_scale_factor(dpi_factor));
-        let width = self.width.into() / dpi_factor;
-        let height = self.height.into() / dpi_factor;
+    pub fn to_logical<X: Pixel>(&self, scale_factor: f64) -> LogicalSize<X> {
+        assert!(validate_scale_factor(scale_factor));
+        let width = self.width.into() / scale_factor;
+        let height = self.height.into() / scale_factor;
         LogicalSize::new(width, height).cast()
     }
 
@@ -426,17 +429,17 @@ impl Size {
         size.into()
     }
 
-    pub fn to_logical<P: Pixel>(&self, dpi_factor: f64) -> LogicalSize<P> {
+    pub fn to_logical<P: Pixel>(&self, scale_factor: f64) -> LogicalSize<P> {
         match *self {
-            Size::Physical(size) => size.to_logical(dpi_factor),
+            Size::Physical(size) => size.to_logical(scale_factor),
             Size::Logical(size) => size.cast(),
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn to_physical<P: Pixel>(&self, dpi_factor: f64) -> PhysicalSize<P> {
+    pub fn to_physical<P: Pixel>(&self, scale_factor: f64) -> PhysicalSize<P> {
         match *self {
             Size::Physical(size) => size.cast(),
-            Size::Logical(size) => size.to_physical(dpi_factor),
+            Size::Logical(size) => size.to_physical(scale_factor),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -468,17 +471,17 @@ impl Position {
         position.into()
     }
 
-    pub fn to_logical<P: Pixel>(&self, dpi_factor: f64) -> LogicalPosition<P> {
+    pub fn to_logical<P: Pixel>(&self, scale_factor: f64) -> LogicalPosition<P> {
         match *self {
-            Position::Physical(position) => position.to_logical(dpi_factor),
+            Position::Physical(position) => position.to_logical(scale_factor),
             Position::Logical(position) => position.cast(),
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn to_physical<P: Pixel>(&self, dpi_factor: f64) -> PhysicalPosition<P> {
+    pub fn to_physical<P: Pixel>(&self, scale_factor: f64) -> PhysicalPosition<P> {
         match *self {
             Position::Physical(position) => position.cast(),
-            Position::Logical(position) => position.to_physical(dpi_factor),
+            Position::Logical(position) => position.to_physical(scale_factor),
         }
     }
 }

src/event.rs

@@ -81,10 +81,11 @@ pub enum Event<'a, T: 'static> {
     ///
     /// This event is useful as a place to put your code that should be run after all
     /// state-changing events have been handled and you want to do stuff (updating state, performing
-    /// calculations, etc) that happens as the "main body" of your event loop. If your program draws
-    /// graphics, it's usually better to do it in response to
+    /// calculations, etc) that happens as the "main body" of your event loop. If your program only draws
+    /// graphics when something changes, it's usually better to do it in response to
     /// [`Event::RedrawRequested`](crate::event::Event::RedrawRequested), which gets emitted
-    /// immediately after this event.
+    /// immediately after this event. Programs that draw graphics continuously, like most games,
+    /// can render here unconditionally for simplicity.
     MainEventsCleared,
 
     /// Emitted after `MainEventsCleared` when a window should be redrawn.
@@ -97,6 +98,9 @@ pub enum Event<'a, T: 'static> {
     ///
     /// During each iteration of the event loop, Winit will aggregate duplicate redraw requests
     /// into a single event, to help avoid duplicating rendering work.
+    ///
+    /// Mainly of interest to applications with mostly-static graphics that avoid redrawing unless
+    /// something changes, like most non-game GUIs.
     RedrawRequested(WindowId),
 
     /// Emitted after all `RedrawRequested` events have been processed and control flow is about to
@@ -114,6 +118,30 @@ pub enum Event<'a, T: 'static> {
     LoopDestroyed,
 }
 
+impl<T: Clone> Clone for Event<'static, T> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        use self::Event::*;
+        match self {
+            WindowEvent { window_id, event } => WindowEvent {
+                window_id: *window_id,
+                event: event.clone(),
+            },
+            UserEvent(event) => UserEvent(event.clone()),
+            DeviceEvent { device_id, event } => DeviceEvent {
+                device_id: *device_id,
+                event: event.clone(),
+            },
+            NewEvents(cause) => NewEvents(cause.clone()),
+            MainEventsCleared => MainEventsCleared,
+            RedrawRequested(wid) => RedrawRequested(*wid),
+            RedrawEventsCleared => RedrawEventsCleared,
+            LoopDestroyed => LoopDestroyed,
+            Suspended => Suspended,
+            Resumed => Resumed,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl<'a, T> Event<'a, T> {
     pub fn map_nonuser_event<U>(self) -> Result<Event<'a, U>, Event<'a, T>> {
         use self::Event::*;
@@ -139,7 +167,7 @@ impl<'a, T> Event<'a, T> {
             WindowEvent { window_id, event } => event
                 .to_static()
                 .map(|event| WindowEvent { window_id, event }),
-            UserEvent(_) => None,
+            UserEvent(event) => Some(UserEvent(event)),
             DeviceEvent { device_id, event } => Some(DeviceEvent { device_id, event }),
             NewEvents(cause) => Some(NewEvents(cause)),
             MainEventsCleared => Some(MainEventsCleared),
@@ -185,7 +213,7 @@ pub enum WindowEvent<'a> {
     Resized(PhysicalSize<u32>),
 
     /// The position of the window has changed. Contains the window's new position.
-    Moved(PhysicalPosition<u32>),
+    Moved(PhysicalPosition<i32>),
 
     /// The window has been requested to close.
     CloseRequested,
@@ -235,6 +263,13 @@ pub enum WindowEvent<'a> {
         is_synthetic: bool,
     },
 
+    /// The keyboard modifiers have changed.
+    ///
+    /// Platform-specific behavior:
+    /// - **Web**: This API is currently unimplemented on the web. This isn't by design - it's an
+    ///   issue, and it should get fixed - but it's the current state of the API.
+    ModifiersChanged(ModifiersState),
+
     /// The cursor has moved on the window.
     CursorMoved {
         device_id: DeviceId,
@@ -242,8 +277,8 @@ pub enum WindowEvent<'a> {
         /// (x,y) coords in pixels relative to the top-left corner of the window. Because the range of this data is
         /// limited by the display area and it may have been transformed by the OS to implement effects such as cursor
         /// acceleration, it should not be used to implement non-cursor-like interactions such as 3D camera control.
-        position: PhysicalPosition<i32>,
-        #[deprecated = "Deprecated in favor of DeviceEvent::ModifiersChanged"]
+        position: PhysicalPosition<f64>,
+        #[deprecated = "Deprecated in favor of WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged"]
         modifiers: ModifiersState,
     },
 
@@ -258,7 +293,7 @@ pub enum WindowEvent<'a> {
         device_id: DeviceId,
         delta: MouseScrollDelta,
         phase: TouchPhase,
-        #[deprecated = "Deprecated in favor of DeviceEvent::ModifiersChanged"]
+        #[deprecated = "Deprecated in favor of WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged"]
         modifiers: ModifiersState,
     },
 
@@ -267,7 +302,7 @@ pub enum WindowEvent<'a> {
         device_id: DeviceId,
         state: ElementState,
         button: MouseButton,
-        #[deprecated = "Deprecated in favor of DeviceEvent::ModifiersChanged"]
+        #[deprecated = "Deprecated in favor of WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged"]
         modifiers: ModifiersState,
     },
 
@@ -319,6 +354,97 @@ pub enum WindowEvent<'a> {
     ThemeChanged(Theme),
 }
 
+impl Clone for WindowEvent<'static> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        use self::WindowEvent::*;
+        return match self {
+            Resized(size) => Resized(size.clone()),
+            Moved(pos) => Moved(pos.clone()),
+            CloseRequested => CloseRequested,
+            Destroyed => Destroyed,
+            DroppedFile(file) => DroppedFile(file.clone()),
+            HoveredFile(file) => HoveredFile(file.clone()),
+            HoveredFileCancelled => HoveredFileCancelled,
+            ReceivedCharacter(c) => ReceivedCharacter(*c),
+            Focused(f) => Focused(*f),
+            KeyboardInput {
+                device_id,
+                input,
+                is_synthetic,
+            } => KeyboardInput {
+                device_id: *device_id,
+                input: *input,
+                is_synthetic: *is_synthetic,
+            },
+
+            ModifiersChanged(modifiers) => ModifiersChanged(modifiers.clone()),
+            #[allow(deprecated)]
+            CursorMoved {
+                device_id,
+                position,
+                modifiers,
+            } => CursorMoved {
+                device_id: *device_id,
+                position: *position,
+                modifiers: *modifiers,
+            },
+            CursorEntered { device_id } => CursorEntered {
+                device_id: *device_id,
+            },
+            CursorLeft { device_id } => CursorLeft {
+                device_id: *device_id,
+            },
+            #[allow(deprecated)]
+            MouseWheel {
+                device_id,
+                delta,
+                phase,
+                modifiers,
+            } => MouseWheel {
+                device_id: *device_id,
+                delta: *delta,
+                phase: *phase,
+                modifiers: *modifiers,
+            },
+            #[allow(deprecated)]
+            MouseInput {
+                device_id,
+                state,
+                button,
+                modifiers,
+            } => MouseInput {
+                device_id: *device_id,
+                state: *state,
+                button: *button,
+                modifiers: *modifiers,
+            },
+            TouchpadPressure {
+                device_id,
+                pressure,
+                stage,
+            } => TouchpadPressure {
+                device_id: *device_id,
+                pressure: *pressure,
+                stage: *stage,
+            },
+            AxisMotion {
+                device_id,
+                axis,
+                value,
+            } => AxisMotion {
+                device_id: *device_id,
+                axis: *axis,
+                value: *value,
+            },
+            Touch(touch) => Touch(*touch),
+            ThemeChanged(theme) => ThemeChanged(theme.clone()),
+            ScaleFactorChanged { .. } => {
+                unreachable!("Static event can't be about scale factor changing")
+            }
+        };
+    }
+}
+
 impl<'a> WindowEvent<'a> {
     pub fn to_static(self) -> Option<WindowEvent<'static>> {
         use self::WindowEvent::*;
@@ -341,6 +467,7 @@ impl<'a> WindowEvent<'a> {
                 input,
                 is_synthetic,
             }),
+            ModifiersChanged(modifiers) => Some(ModifiersChanged(modifiers)),
             #[allow(deprecated)]
             CursorMoved {
                 device_id,
@@ -464,16 +591,6 @@ pub enum DeviceEvent {
 
     Key(KeyboardInput),
 
-    /// The keyboard modifiers have changed.
-    ///
-    /// This is tracked internally to avoid tracking errors arising from modifier key state changes when events from
-    /// this device are not being delivered to the application, e.g. due to keyboard focus being elsewhere.
-    ///
-    /// Platform-specific behavior:
-    /// - **Web**: This API is currently unimplemented on the web. This isn't by design - it's an
-    ///   issue, and it should get fixed - but it's the current state of the API.
-    ModifiersChanged(ModifiersState),
-
     Text {
         codepoint: char,
     },
@@ -502,7 +619,7 @@ pub struct KeyboardInput {
     ///
     /// This is tracked internally to avoid tracking errors arising from modifier key state changes when events from
     /// this device are not being delivered to the application, e.g. due to keyboard focus being elsewhere.
-    #[deprecated = "Deprecated in favor of DeviceEvent::ModifiersChanged"]
+    #[deprecated = "Deprecated in favor of WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged"]
     pub modifiers: ModifiersState,
 }
 
@@ -807,8 +924,10 @@ pub enum VirtualKeyCode {
     Multiply,
     Mute,
     MyComputer,
-    NavigateForward,  // also called "Prior"
-    NavigateBackward, // also called "Next"
+    // also called "Next"
+    NavigateForward,
+    // also called "Prior"
+    NavigateBackward,
     NextTrack,
     NoConvert,
     NumpadComma,

src/event_loop.rs

@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@ impl<T> fmt::Debug for EventLoopWindowTarget<T> {
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum ControlFlow {
     /// When the current loop iteration finishes, immediately begin a new iteration regardless of
-    /// whether or not new events are available to process.
+    /// whether or not new events are available to process. For web, events are sent when
+    /// `requestAnimationFrame` fires.
     Poll,
     /// When the current loop iteration finishes, suspend the thread until another event arrives.
     Wait,
@@ -215,14 +216,10 @@ impl<T: 'static> fmt::Debug for EventLoopProxy<T> {
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct EventLoopClosed<T>(pub T);
 
-impl<T: fmt::Debug> fmt::Display for EventLoopClosed<T> {
+impl<T> fmt::Display for EventLoopClosed<T> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "{}", error::Error::description(self))
+        f.write_str("Tried to wake up a closed `EventLoop`")
     }
 }
 
-impl<T: fmt::Debug> error::Error for EventLoopClosed<T> {
-    fn description(&self) -> &str {
-        "Tried to wake up a closed `EventLoop`"
-    }
-}
+impl<T: fmt::Debug> error::Error for EventLoopClosed<T> {}

src/icon.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-use std::{error::Error, fmt, mem};
+use crate::platform_impl::PlatformIcon;
+use std::{error::Error, fmt, io, mem};
 
 #[repr(C)]
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ pub(crate) struct Pixel {
 
 pub(crate) const PIXEL_SIZE: usize = mem::size_of::<Pixel>();
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[derive(Debug)]
 /// An error produced when using `Icon::from_rgba` with invalid arguments.
 pub enum BadIcon {
     /// Produced when the length of the `rgba` argument isn't divisible by 4, thus `rgba` can't be
@@ -25,72 +26,110 @@ pub enum BadIcon {
         width_x_height: usize,
         pixel_count: usize,
     },
+    /// Produced when underlying OS functionality failed to create the icon
+    OsError(io::Error),
 }
 
 impl fmt::Display for BadIcon {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        let msg = match self {
-            &BadIcon::ByteCountNotDivisibleBy4 { byte_count } => format!(
+        match self {
+            BadIcon::ByteCountNotDivisibleBy4 { byte_count } => write!(f,
                 "The length of the `rgba` argument ({:?}) isn't divisible by 4, making it impossible to interpret as 32bpp RGBA pixels.",
                 byte_count,
             ),
-            &BadIcon::DimensionsVsPixelCount {
+            BadIcon::DimensionsVsPixelCount {
                 width,
                 height,
                 width_x_height,
                 pixel_count,
-            } => format!(
+            } => write!(f,
                 "The specified dimensions ({:?}x{:?}) don't match the number of pixels supplied by the `rgba` argument ({:?}). For those dimensions, the expected pixel count is {:?}.",
                 width, height, pixel_count, width_x_height,
             ),
-        };
-        write!(f, "{}", msg)
+            BadIcon::OsError(e) => write!(f, "OS error when instantiating the icon: {:?}", e),
+        }
     }
 }
 
 impl Error for BadIcon {
-    fn description(&self) -> &str {
-        "A valid icon cannot be created from these arguments"
-    }
-
-    fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error> {
+    fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)> {
         Some(self)
     }
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
-/// An icon used for the window titlebar, taskbar, etc.
-pub struct Icon {
+pub(crate) struct RgbaIcon {
     pub(crate) rgba: Vec<u8>,
     pub(crate) width: u32,
     pub(crate) height: u32,
 }
 
+/// For platforms which don't have window icons (e.g. web)
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub(crate) struct NoIcon;
+
+#[allow(dead_code)] // These are not used on every platform
+mod constructors {
+    use super::*;
+
+    impl RgbaIcon {
+        /// Creates an `Icon` from 32bpp RGBA data.
+        ///
+        /// The length of `rgba` must be divisible by 4, and `width * height` must equal
+        /// `rgba.len() / 4`. Otherwise, this will return a `BadIcon` error.
+        pub fn from_rgba(rgba: Vec<u8>, width: u32, height: u32) -> Result<Self, BadIcon> {
+            if rgba.len() % PIXEL_SIZE != 0 {
+                return Err(BadIcon::ByteCountNotDivisibleBy4 {
+                    byte_count: rgba.len(),
+                });
+            }
+            let pixel_count = rgba.len() / PIXEL_SIZE;
+            if pixel_count != (width * height) as usize {
+                Err(BadIcon::DimensionsVsPixelCount {
+                    width,
+                    height,
+                    width_x_height: (width * height) as usize,
+                    pixel_count,
+                })
+            } else {
+                Ok(RgbaIcon {
+                    rgba,
+                    width,
+                    height,
+                })
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl NoIcon {
+        pub fn from_rgba(rgba: Vec<u8>, width: u32, height: u32) -> Result<Self, BadIcon> {
+            // Create the rgba icon anyway to validate the input
+            let _ = RgbaIcon::from_rgba(rgba, width, height)?;
+            Ok(NoIcon)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// An icon used for the window titlebar, taskbar, etc.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Icon {
+    pub(crate) inner: PlatformIcon,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for Icon {
+    fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), fmt::Error> {
+        fmt::Debug::fmt(&self.inner, formatter)
+    }
+}
+
 impl Icon {
     /// Creates an `Icon` from 32bpp RGBA data.
     ///
     /// The length of `rgba` must be divisible by 4, and `width * height` must equal
     /// `rgba.len() / 4`. Otherwise, this will return a `BadIcon` error.
     pub fn from_rgba(rgba: Vec<u8>, width: u32, height: u32) -> Result<Self, BadIcon> {
-        if rgba.len() % PIXEL_SIZE != 0 {
-            return Err(BadIcon::ByteCountNotDivisibleBy4 {
-                byte_count: rgba.len(),
-            });
-        }
-        let pixel_count = rgba.len() / PIXEL_SIZE;
-        if pixel_count != (width * height) as usize {
-            Err(BadIcon::DimensionsVsPixelCount {
-                width,
-                height,
-                width_x_height: (width * height) as usize,
-                pixel_count,
-            })
-        } else {
-            Ok(Icon {
-                rgba,
-                width,
-                height,
-            })
-        }
+        Ok(Icon {
+            inner: PlatformIcon::from_rgba(rgba, width, height)?,
+        })
     }
 }

src/lib.rs

@@ -73,14 +73,18 @@
 //!             // Application update code.
 //!
 //!             // Queue a RedrawRequested event.
+//!             //
+//!             // You only need to call this if you've determined that you need to redraw, in
+//!             // applications which do not always need to. Applications that redraw continuously
+//!             // can just render here instead.
 //!             window.request_redraw();
 //!         },
 //!         Event::RedrawRequested(_) => {
 //!             // Redraw the application.
 //!             //
-//!             // It's preferrable to render in this event rather than in MainEventsCleared, since
-//!             // rendering in here allows the program to gracefully handle redraws requested
-//!             // by the OS.
+//!             // It's preferable for applications that do not render continuously to render in
+//!             // this event rather than in MainEventsCleared, since rendering in here allows
+//!             // the program to gracefully handle redraws requested by the OS.
 //!         },
 //!         _ => ()
 //!     }
@@ -94,8 +98,15 @@
 //! # Drawing on the window
 //!
 //! Winit doesn't directly provide any methods for drawing on a [`Window`]. However it allows you to
-//! retrieve the raw handle of the window (see the [`platform`] module), which in turn allows you
-//! to create an OpenGL/Vulkan/DirectX/Metal/etc. context that can be used to render graphics.
+//! retrieve the raw handle of the window (see the [`platform`] module and/or the
+//! [`raw_window_handle`] method), which in turn allows you to create an
+//! OpenGL/Vulkan/DirectX/Metal/etc. context that can be used to render graphics.
+//!
+//! Note that many platforms will display garbage data in the window's client area if the
+//! application doesn't render anything to the window by the time the desktop compositor is ready to
+//! display the window to the user. If you notice this happening, you should create the window with
+//! [`visible` set to `false`](crate::window::WindowBuilder::with_visible) and explicitly make the
+//! window visible only once you're ready to render into it.
 //!
 //! [`EventLoop`]: event_loop::EventLoop
 //! [`EventLoopExtDesktop::run_return`]: ./platform/desktop/trait.EventLoopExtDesktop.html#tymethod.run_return
@@ -116,6 +127,7 @@
 //! [`UserEvent`]: event::Event::UserEvent
 //! [`LoopDestroyed`]: event::Event::LoopDestroyed
 //! [`platform`]: platform
+//! [`raw_window_handle`]: ./window/struct.Window.html#method.raw_window_handle
 
 #![deny(rust_2018_idioms)]
 #![deny(intra_doc_link_resolution_failure)]
@@ -123,6 +135,7 @@
 #[allow(unused_imports)]
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate lazy_static;
+#[allow(unused_imports)]
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate log;
 #[cfg(feature = "serde")]

src/platform/android.rs

@@ -1,32 +1,39 @@
 #![cfg(any(target_os = "android"))]
 
-use crate::{EventLoop, Window, WindowBuilder};
-use std::os::raw::c_void;
+use crate::{
+    event_loop::{EventLoop, EventLoopWindowTarget},
+    window::{Window, WindowBuilder},
+};
+use ndk::configuration::Configuration;
+use ndk_glue::Rect;
 
 /// Additional methods on `EventLoop` that are specific to Android.
-pub trait EventLoopExtAndroid {
-    /// Makes it possible for glutin to register a callback when a suspend event happens on Android
-    fn set_suspend_callback(&self, cb: Option<Box<dyn Fn(bool) -> ()>>);
-}
+pub trait EventLoopExtAndroid {}
 
-impl EventLoopExtAndroid for EventLoop {
-    fn set_suspend_callback(&self, cb: Option<Box<dyn Fn(bool) -> ()>>) {
-        self.event_loop.set_suspend_callback(cb);
-    }
-}
+impl<T> EventLoopExtAndroid for EventLoop<T> {}
+
+/// Additional methods on `EventLoopWindowTarget` that are specific to Android.
+pub trait EventLoopWindowTargetExtAndroid {}
 
 /// Additional methods on `Window` that are specific to Android.
 pub trait WindowExtAndroid {
-    fn native_window(&self) -> *const c_void;
+    fn content_rect(&self) -> Rect;
+
+    fn config(&self) -> Configuration;
 }
 
 impl WindowExtAndroid for Window {
-    #[inline]
-    fn native_window(&self) -> *const c_void {
-        self.window.native_window()
+    fn content_rect(&self) -> Rect {
+        self.window.content_rect()
+    }
+
+    fn config(&self) -> Configuration {
+        self.window.config()
     }
 }
 
+impl<T> EventLoopWindowTargetExtAndroid for EventLoopWindowTarget<T> {}
+
 /// Additional methods on `WindowBuilder` that are specific to Android.
 pub trait WindowBuilderExtAndroid {}
 

src/platform/macos.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ use std::os::raw::c_void;
 
 use crate::{
     dpi::LogicalSize,
+    event_loop::EventLoopWindowTarget,
     monitor::MonitorHandle,
     window::{Window, WindowBuilder},
 };
@@ -209,3 +210,17 @@ impl MonitorHandleExtMacOS for MonitorHandle {
         self.inner.ns_screen().map(|s| s as *mut c_void)
     }
 }
+
+/// Additional methods on `EventLoopWindowTarget` that are specific to macOS.
+pub trait EventLoopWindowTargetExtMacOS {
+    /// Hide the entire application. In most applications this is typically triggered with Command-H.
+    fn hide_application(&self);
+}
+
+impl<T> EventLoopWindowTargetExtMacOS for EventLoopWindowTarget<T> {
+    fn hide_application(&self) {
+        let cls = objc::runtime::Class::get("NSApplication").unwrap();
+        let app: cocoa::base::id = unsafe { msg_send![cls, sharedApplication] };
+        unsafe { msg_send![app, hide: 0] }
+    }
+}

src/platform/unix.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 use std::{os::raw, ptr, sync::Arc};
 
-use smithay_client_toolkit::window::{ButtonState, Theme};
+use smithay_client_toolkit::window::{ButtonState as SCTKButtonState, Theme as SCTKTheme};
 
 use crate::{
     dpi::Size,
@@ -23,74 +23,6 @@ pub use crate::platform_impl::x11;
 
 pub use crate::platform_impl::{x11::util::WindowType as XWindowType, XNotSupported};
 
-/// Theme for wayland client side decorations
-///
-/// Colors must be in ARGB8888 format
-pub struct WaylandTheme {
-    /// Primary color when the window is focused
-    pub primary_active: [u8; 4],
-    /// Primary color when the window is unfocused
-    pub primary_inactive: [u8; 4],
-    /// Secondary color when the window is focused
-    pub secondary_active: [u8; 4],
-    /// Secondary color when the window is unfocused
-    pub secondary_inactive: [u8; 4],
-    /// Close button color when hovered over
-    pub close_button_hovered: [u8; 4],
-    /// Close button color
-    pub close_button: [u8; 4],
-    /// Close button color when hovered over
-    pub maximize_button_hovered: [u8; 4],
-    /// Maximize button color
-    pub maximize_button: [u8; 4],
-    /// Minimize button color when hovered over
-    pub minimize_button_hovered: [u8; 4],
-    /// Minimize button color
-    pub minimize_button: [u8; 4],
-}
-
-struct WaylandThemeObject(WaylandTheme);
-
-impl Theme for WaylandThemeObject {
-    fn get_primary_color(&self, active: bool) -> [u8; 4] {
-        if active {
-            self.0.primary_active
-        } else {
-            self.0.primary_inactive
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Used for division line
-    fn get_secondary_color(&self, active: bool) -> [u8; 4] {
-        if active {
-            self.0.secondary_active
-        } else {
-            self.0.secondary_inactive
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn get_close_button_color(&self, state: ButtonState) -> [u8; 4] {
-        match state {
-            ButtonState::Hovered => self.0.close_button_hovered,
-            _ => self.0.close_button,
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn get_maximize_button_color(&self, state: ButtonState) -> [u8; 4] {
-        match state {
-            ButtonState::Hovered => self.0.maximize_button_hovered,
-            _ => self.0.maximize_button,
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn get_minimize_button_color(&self, state: ButtonState) -> [u8; 4] {
-        match state {
-            ButtonState::Hovered => self.0.minimize_button_hovered,
-            _ => self.0.minimize_button,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 /// Additional methods on `EventLoopWindowTarget` that are specific to Unix.
 pub trait EventLoopWindowTargetExtUnix {
     /// True if the `EventLoopWindowTarget` uses Wayland.
@@ -275,7 +207,7 @@ pub trait WindowExtUnix {
     fn wayland_display(&self) -> Option<*mut raw::c_void>;
 
     /// Sets the color theme of the client side window decorations on wayland
-    fn set_wayland_theme(&self, theme: WaylandTheme);
+    fn set_wayland_theme<T: Theme>(&self, theme: T);
 
     /// Check if the window is ready for drawing
     ///
@@ -353,9 +285,9 @@ impl WindowExtUnix for Window {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    fn set_wayland_theme(&self, theme: WaylandTheme) {
+    fn set_wayland_theme<T: Theme>(&self, theme: T) {
         match self.window {
-            LinuxWindow::Wayland(ref w) => w.set_theme(WaylandThemeObject(theme)),
+            LinuxWindow::Wayland(ref w) => w.set_theme(WaylandTheme(theme)),
             _ => {}
         }
     }
@@ -461,3 +393,97 @@ impl MonitorHandleExtUnix for MonitorHandle {
         self.inner.native_identifier()
     }
 }
+
+/// Wrapper for implementing SCTK's theme trait.
+struct WaylandTheme<T: Theme>(T);
+
+pub trait Theme: Send + 'static {
+    /// Primary color of the scheme.
+    fn primary_color(&self, window_active: bool) -> [u8; 4];
+
+    /// Secondary color of the scheme.
+    fn secondary_color(&self, window_active: bool) -> [u8; 4];
+
+    /// Color for the close button.
+    fn close_button_color(&self, status: ButtonState) -> [u8; 4];
+
+    /// Icon color for the close button, defaults to the secondary color.
+    #[allow(unused_variables)]
+    fn close_button_icon_color(&self, status: ButtonState) -> [u8; 4] {
+        self.secondary_color(true)
+    }
+
+    /// Background color for the maximize button.
+    fn maximize_button_color(&self, status: ButtonState) -> [u8; 4];
+
+    /// Icon color for the maximize button, defaults to the secondary color.
+    #[allow(unused_variables)]
+    fn maximize_button_icon_color(&self, status: ButtonState) -> [u8; 4] {
+        self.secondary_color(true)
+    }
+
+    /// Background color for the minimize button.
+    fn minimize_button_color(&self, status: ButtonState) -> [u8; 4];
+
+    /// Icon color for the minimize button, defaults to the secondary color.
+    #[allow(unused_variables)]
+    fn minimize_button_icon_color(&self, status: ButtonState) -> [u8; 4] {
+        self.secondary_color(true)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: Theme> SCTKTheme for WaylandTheme<T> {
+    fn get_primary_color(&self, active: bool) -> [u8; 4] {
+        self.0.primary_color(active)
+    }
+
+    fn get_secondary_color(&self, active: bool) -> [u8; 4] {
+        self.0.secondary_color(active)
+    }
+
+    fn get_close_button_color(&self, status: SCTKButtonState) -> [u8; 4] {
+        self.0.close_button_color(ButtonState::from_sctk(status))
+    }
+
+    fn get_close_button_icon_color(&self, status: SCTKButtonState) -> [u8; 4] {
+        self.0
+            .close_button_icon_color(ButtonState::from_sctk(status))
+    }
+
+    fn get_maximize_button_color(&self, status: SCTKButtonState) -> [u8; 4] {
+        self.0.maximize_button_color(ButtonState::from_sctk(status))
+    }
+
+    fn get_maximize_button_icon_color(&self, status: SCTKButtonState) -> [u8; 4] {
+        self.0
+            .maximize_button_icon_color(ButtonState::from_sctk(status))
+    }
+
+    fn get_minimize_button_color(&self, status: SCTKButtonState) -> [u8; 4] {
+        self.0.minimize_button_color(ButtonState::from_sctk(status))
+    }
+
+    fn get_minimize_button_icon_color(&self, status: SCTKButtonState) -> [u8; 4] {
+        self.0
+            .minimize_button_icon_color(ButtonState::from_sctk(status))
+    }
+}
+
+pub enum ButtonState {
+    /// Button is being hovered over by pointer.
+    Hovered,
+    /// Button is not being hovered over by pointer.
+    Idle,
+    /// Button is disabled.
+    Disabled,
+}
+
+impl ButtonState {
+    fn from_sctk(button_state: SCTKButtonState) -> Self {
+        match button_state {
+            SCTKButtonState::Hovered => Self::Hovered,
+            SCTKButtonState::Idle => Self::Idle,
+            SCTKButtonState::Disabled => Self::Disabled,
+        }
+    }
+}

src/platform/web.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@
 //! The web target does not automatically insert the canvas element object into the web page, to
 //! allow end users to determine how the page should be laid out. Use the `WindowExtStdweb` or
 //! `WindowExtWebSys` traits (depending on your web backend) to retrieve the canvas from the
-//! Window.
+//! Window. Alternatively, use the `WindowBuilderExtStdweb` or `WindowBuilderExtWebSys` to provide
+//! your own canvas.
+
+use crate::window::WindowBuilder;
 
 #[cfg(feature = "stdweb")]
 use stdweb::web::html_element::CanvasElement;
@@ -11,6 +14,9 @@ use stdweb::web::html_element::CanvasElement;
 #[cfg(feature = "stdweb")]
 pub trait WindowExtStdweb {
     fn canvas(&self) -> CanvasElement;
+
+    /// Whether the browser reports the preferred color scheme to be "dark".
+    fn is_dark_mode(&self) -> bool;
 }
 
 #[cfg(feature = "web-sys")]
@@ -19,4 +25,35 @@ use web_sys::HtmlCanvasElement;
 #[cfg(feature = "web-sys")]
 pub trait WindowExtWebSys {
     fn canvas(&self) -> HtmlCanvasElement;
+
+    /// Whether the browser reports the preferred color scheme to be "dark".
+    fn is_dark_mode(&self) -> bool;
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "stdweb")]
+pub trait WindowBuilderExtStdweb {
+    fn with_canvas(self, canvas: Option<CanvasElement>) -> Self;
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "stdweb")]
+impl WindowBuilderExtStdweb for WindowBuilder {
+    fn with_canvas(mut self, canvas: Option<CanvasElement>) -> Self {
+        self.platform_specific.canvas = canvas;
+
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "web-sys")]
+pub trait WindowBuilderExtWebSys {
+    fn with_canvas(self, canvas: Option<HtmlCanvasElement>) -> Self;
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "web-sys")]
+impl WindowBuilderExtWebSys for WindowBuilder {
+    fn with_canvas(mut self, canvas: Option<HtmlCanvasElement>) -> Self {
+        self.platform_specific.canvas = canvas;
+
+        self
+    }
 }

src/platform/windows.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,19 @@
 #![cfg(target_os = "windows")]
 
 use std::os::raw::c_void;
+use std::path::Path;
 
 use libc;
+use winapi::shared::minwindef::WORD;
 use winapi::shared::windef::HWND;
 
 use crate::{
+    dpi::PhysicalSize,
     event::DeviceId,
     event_loop::EventLoop,
     monitor::MonitorHandle,
-    platform_impl::EventLoop as WindowsEventLoop,
-    window::{Icon, Window, WindowBuilder},
+    platform_impl::{EventLoop as WindowsEventLoop, WinIcon},
+    window::{BadIcon, Icon, Window, WindowBuilder},
 };
 
 /// Additional methods on `EventLoop` that are specific to Windows.
@@ -171,3 +174,40 @@ impl DeviceIdExtWindows for DeviceId {
         self.0.persistent_identifier()
     }
 }
+
+/// Additional methods on `Icon` that are specific to Windows.
+pub trait IconExtWindows: Sized {
+    /// Create an icon from a file path.
+    ///
+    /// Specify `size` to load a specific icon size from the file, or `None` to load the default
+    /// icon size from the file.
+    ///
+    /// In cases where the specified size does not exist in the file, Windows may perform scaling
+    /// to get an icon of the desired size.
+    fn from_path<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P, size: Option<PhysicalSize<u32>>)
+        -> Result<Self, BadIcon>;
+
+    /// Create an icon from a resource embedded in this executable or library.
+    ///
+    /// Specify `size` to load a specific icon size from the file, or `None` to load the default
+    /// icon size from the file.
+    ///
+    /// In cases where the specified size does not exist in the file, Windows may perform scaling
+    /// to get an icon of the desired size.
+    fn from_resource(ordinal: WORD, size: Option<PhysicalSize<u32>>) -> Result<Self, BadIcon>;
+}
+
+impl IconExtWindows for Icon {
+    fn from_path<P: AsRef<Path>>(
+        path: P,
+        size: Option<PhysicalSize<u32>>,
+    ) -> Result<Self, BadIcon> {
+        let win_icon = WinIcon::from_path(path, size)?;
+        Ok(Icon { inner: win_icon })
+    }
+
+    fn from_resource(ordinal: WORD, size: Option<PhysicalSize<u32>>) -> Result<Self, BadIcon> {
+        let win_icon = WinIcon::from_resource(ordinal, size)?;
+        Ok(Icon { inner: win_icon })
+    }
+}

src/platform_impl/android/ffi.rs

@@ -1,122 +0,0 @@
-#![allow(dead_code)]
-#![allow(non_snake_case)]
-#![allow(non_camel_case_types)]
-#![allow(non_upper_case_globals)]
-
-use libc;
-use std::os::raw;
-
-#[link(name = "android")]
-#[link(name = "EGL")]
-#[link(name = "GLESv2")]
-extern "C" {}
-
-/**
- ** asset_manager.h
- **/
-pub type AAssetManager = raw::c_void;
-
-/**
- ** native_window.h
- **/
-pub type ANativeWindow = raw::c_void;
-
-extern "C" {
-    pub fn ANativeWindow_getHeight(window: *const ANativeWindow) -> libc::int32_t;
-    pub fn ANativeWindow_getWidth(window: *const ANativeWindow) -> libc::int32_t;
-}
-
-/**
- ** native_activity.h
- **/
-pub type JavaVM = ();
-pub type JNIEnv = ();
-pub type jobject = *const libc::c_void;
-
-pub type AInputQueue = (); // FIXME: wrong
-pub type ARect = (); // FIXME: wrong
-
-#[repr(C)]
-pub struct ANativeActivity {
-    pub callbacks: *mut ANativeActivityCallbacks,
-    pub vm: *mut JavaVM,
-    pub env: *mut JNIEnv,
-    pub clazz: jobject,
-    pub internalDataPath: *const libc::c_char,
-    pub externalDataPath: *const libc::c_char,
-    pub sdkVersion: libc::int32_t,
-    pub instance: *mut libc::c_void,
-    pub assetManager: *mut AAssetManager,
-    pub obbPath: *const libc::c_char,
-}
-
-#[repr(C)]
-pub struct ANativeActivityCallbacks {
-    pub onStart: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity),
-    pub onResume: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity),
-    pub onSaveInstanceState: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity, *mut libc::size_t),
-    pub onPause: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity),
-    pub onStop: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity),
-    pub onDestroy: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity),
-    pub onWindowFocusChanged: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity, libc::c_int),
-    pub onNativeWindowCreated: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity, *const ANativeWindow),
-    pub onNativeWindowResized: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity, *const ANativeWindow),
-    pub onNativeWindowRedrawNeeded: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity, *const ANativeWindow),
-    pub onNativeWindowDestroyed: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity, *const ANativeWindow),
-    pub onInputQueueCreated: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity, *mut AInputQueue),
-    pub onInputQueueDestroyed: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity, *mut AInputQueue),
-    pub onContentRectChanged: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity, *const ARect),
-    pub onConfigurationChanged: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity),
-    pub onLowMemory: extern "C" fn(*mut ANativeActivity),
-}
-
-/**
- ** looper.h
- **/
-pub type ALooper = ();
-
-#[link(name = "android")]
-extern "C" {
-    pub fn ALooper_forThread() -> *const ALooper;
-    pub fn ALooper_acquire(looper: *const ALooper);
-    pub fn ALooper_release(looper: *const ALooper);
-    pub fn ALooper_prepare(opts: libc::c_int) -> *const ALooper;
-    pub fn ALooper_pollOnce(
-        timeoutMillis: libc::c_int,
-        outFd: *mut libc::c_int,
-        outEvents: *mut libc::c_int,
-        outData: *mut *mut libc::c_void,
-    ) -> libc::c_int;
-    pub fn ALooper_pollAll(
-        timeoutMillis: libc::c_int,
-        outFd: *mut libc::c_int,
-        outEvents: *mut libc::c_int,
-        outData: *mut *mut libc::c_void,
-    ) -> libc::c_int;
-    pub fn ALooper_wake(looper: *const ALooper);
-    pub fn ALooper_addFd(
-        looper: *const ALooper,
-        fd: libc::c_int,
-        ident: libc::c_int,
-        events: libc::c_int,
-        callback: ALooper_callbackFunc,
-        data: *mut libc::c_void,
-    ) -> libc::c_int;
-    pub fn ALooper_removeFd(looper: *const ALooper, fd: libc::c_int) -> libc::c_int;
-}
-
-pub const ALOOPER_PREPARE_ALLOW_NON_CALLBACKS: libc::c_int = 1 << 0;
-
-pub const ALOOPER_POLL_WAKE: libc::c_int = -1;
-pub const ALOOPER_POLL_CALLBACK: libc::c_int = -2;
-pub const ALOOPER_POLL_TIMEOUT: libc::c_int = -3;
-pub const ALOOPER_POLL_ERROR: libc::c_int = -4;
-
-pub const ALOOPER_EVENT_INPUT: libc::c_int = 1 << 0;
-pub const ALOOPER_EVENT_OUTPUT: libc::c_int = 1 << 1;
-pub const ALOOPER_EVENT_ERROR: libc::c_int = 1 << 2;
-pub const ALOOPER_EVENT_HANGUP: libc::c_int = 1 << 3;
-pub const ALOOPER_EVENT_INVALID: libc::c_int = 1 << 4;
-
-pub type ALooper_callbackFunc =
-    extern "C" fn(libc::c_int, libc::c_int, *mut libc::c_void) -> libc::c_int;

src/platform_impl/android/mod.rs

@@ -1,448 +1,519 @@
 #![cfg(target_os = "android")]
 
-extern crate android_glue;
-
-mod ffi;
-
-use std::{
-    cell::RefCell,
-    collections::VecDeque,
-    fmt,
-    os::raw::c_void,
-    sync::mpsc::{channel, Receiver},
-};
-
 use crate::{
-    error::{ExternalError, NotSupportedError},
-    events::{Touch, TouchPhase},
-    window::MonitorHandle as RootMonitorHandle,
-    CreationError, CursorIcon, Event, LogicalPosition, LogicalSize, PhysicalPosition, PhysicalSize,
-    WindowAttributes, WindowEvent, WindowId as RootWindowId,
+    dpi::{PhysicalPosition, PhysicalSize, Position, Size},
+    error, event,
+    event_loop::{self, ControlFlow},
+    monitor, window,
+};
+use ndk::{
+    configuration::Configuration,
+    event::{InputEvent, MotionAction},
+    looper::{ForeignLooper, Poll, ThreadLooper},
+};
+use ndk_glue::{Event, Rect};
+use std::{
+    collections::VecDeque,
+    sync::{Arc, Mutex, RwLock},
+    time::{Duration, Instant},
 };
-use raw_window_handle::{android::AndroidHandle, RawWindowHandle};
-use CreationError::OsError;
 
-pub type OsError = std::io::Error;
-
-pub struct EventLoop {
-    event_rx: Receiver<android_glue::Event>,
-    suspend_callback: RefCell<Option<Box<dyn Fn(bool) -> ()>>>,
+lazy_static! {
+    static ref CONFIG: RwLock<Configuration> = RwLock::new(Configuration::new());
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct EventLoopProxy;
+enum EventSource {
+    Callback,
+    InputQueue,
+    User,
+}
 
-impl EventLoop {
-    pub fn new() -> EventLoop {
-        let (tx, rx) = channel();
-        android_glue::add_sender(tx);
-        EventLoop {
-            event_rx: rx,
-            suspend_callback: Default::default(),
+fn poll(poll: Poll) -> Option<EventSource> {
+    match poll {
+        Poll::Event { data, .. } => match data as usize {
+            0 => Some(EventSource::Callback),
+            1 => Some(EventSource::InputQueue),
+            _ => unreachable!(),
+        },
+        Poll::Timeout => None,
+        Poll::Wake => Some(EventSource::User),
+        Poll::Callback => unreachable!(),
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct EventLoop<T: 'static> {
+    window_target: event_loop::EventLoopWindowTarget<T>,
+    user_queue: Arc<Mutex<VecDeque<T>>>,
+}
+
+impl<T: 'static> EventLoop<T> {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            window_target: event_loop::EventLoopWindowTarget {
+                p: EventLoopWindowTarget {
+                    _marker: std::marker::PhantomData,
+                },
+                _marker: std::marker::PhantomData,
+            },
+            user_queue: Default::default(),
         }
     }
 
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn available_monitors(&self) -> VecDeque<MonitorHandle> {
-        let mut rb = VecDeque::with_capacity(1);
-        rb.push_back(MonitorHandle);
-        rb
+    pub fn run<F>(self, mut event_handler: F) -> !
+    where
+        F: 'static
+            + FnMut(event::Event<'_, T>, &event_loop::EventLoopWindowTarget<T>, &mut ControlFlow),
+    {
+        let mut cf = ControlFlow::default();
+        let mut first_event = None;
+        let mut start_cause = event::StartCause::Init;
+        let looper = ThreadLooper::for_thread().unwrap();
+        let mut running = false;
+
+        loop {
+            event_handler(
+                event::Event::NewEvents(start_cause),
+                self.window_target(),
+                &mut cf,
+            );
+
+            let mut redraw = false;
+            let mut resized = false;
+
+            match first_event.take() {
+                Some(EventSource::Callback) => match ndk_glue::poll_events().unwrap() {
+                    Event::WindowCreated => {
+                        event_handler(event::Event::Resumed, self.window_target(), &mut cf);
+                    }
+                    Event::WindowResized => resized = true,
+                    Event::WindowRedrawNeeded => redraw = true,
+                    Event::WindowDestroyed => {
+                        event_handler(event::Event::Suspended, self.window_target(), &mut cf);
+                    }
+                    Event::Pause => running = false,
+                    Event::Resume => running = true,
+                    Event::ConfigChanged => {
+                        let am = ndk_glue::native_activity().asset_manager();
+                        let config = Configuration::from_asset_manager(&am);
+                        let old_scale_factor = MonitorHandle.scale_factor();
+                        *CONFIG.write().unwrap() = config;
+                        let scale_factor = MonitorHandle.scale_factor();
+                        if (scale_factor - old_scale_factor).abs() < f64::EPSILON {
+                            let mut size = MonitorHandle.size();
+                            let event = event::Event::WindowEvent {
+                                window_id: window::WindowId(WindowId),
+                                event: event::WindowEvent::ScaleFactorChanged {
+                                    new_inner_size: &mut size,
+                                    scale_factor,
+                                },
+                            };
+                            event_handler(event, self.window_target(), &mut cf);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                },
+                Some(EventSource::InputQueue) => {
+                    if let Some(input_queue) = ndk_glue::input_queue().as_ref() {
+                        while let Some(event) = input_queue.get_event() {
+                            println!("event {:?}", event);
+                            if let Some(event) = input_queue.pre_dispatch(event) {
+                                let window_id = window::WindowId(WindowId);
+                                let device_id = event::DeviceId(DeviceId);
+                                match &event {
+                                    InputEvent::MotionEvent(motion_event) => {
+                                        let phase = match motion_event.action() {
+                                            MotionAction::Down => Some(event::TouchPhase::Started),
+                                            MotionAction::Up => Some(event::TouchPhase::Ended),
+                                            MotionAction::Move => Some(event::TouchPhase::Moved),
+                                            MotionAction::Cancel => {
+                                                Some(event::TouchPhase::Cancelled)
+                                            }
+                                            _ => None, // TODO mouse events
+                                        };
+                                        let pointer = motion_event.pointer_at_index(0);
+                                        let location = PhysicalPosition {
+                                            x: pointer.x() as _,
+                                            y: pointer.y() as _,
+                                        };
+
+                                        if let Some(phase) = phase {
+                                            let event = event::Event::WindowEvent {
+                                                window_id,
+                                                event: event::WindowEvent::Touch(event::Touch {
+                                                    device_id,
+                                                    phase,
+                                                    location,
+                                                    id: 0,
+                                                    force: None,
+                                                }),
+                                            };
+                                            event_handler(event, self.window_target(), &mut cf);
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                    InputEvent::KeyEvent(_) => {} // TODO
+                                };
+                                input_queue.finish_event(event, true);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                Some(EventSource::User) => {
+                    let mut user_queue = self.user_queue.lock().unwrap();
+                    while let Some(event) = user_queue.pop_front() {
+                        event_handler(
+                            event::Event::UserEvent(event),
+                            self.window_target(),
+                            &mut cf,
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+                None => {}
+            }
+
+            event_handler(
+                event::Event::MainEventsCleared,
+                self.window_target(),
+                &mut cf,
+            );
+
+            if resized && running {
+                let size = MonitorHandle.size();
+                let event = event::Event::WindowEvent {
+                    window_id: window::WindowId(WindowId),
+                    event: event::WindowEvent::Resized(size),
+                };
+                event_handler(event, self.window_target(), &mut cf);
+            }
+
+            if redraw && running {
+                let event = event::Event::RedrawRequested(window::WindowId(WindowId));
+                event_handler(event, self.window_target(), &mut cf);
+            }
+
+            event_handler(
+                event::Event::RedrawEventsCleared,
+                self.window_target(),
+                &mut cf,
+            );
+
+            match cf {
+                ControlFlow::Exit => panic!(),
+                ControlFlow::Poll => {
+                    start_cause = event::StartCause::Poll;
+                }
+                ControlFlow::Wait => {
+                    first_event = poll(looper.poll_all().unwrap());
+                    start_cause = event::StartCause::WaitCancelled {
+                        start: Instant::now(),
+                        requested_resume: None,
+                    }
+                }
+                ControlFlow::WaitUntil(instant) => {
+                    let start = Instant::now();
+                    let duration = if instant <= start {
+                        Duration::default()
+                    } else {
+                        instant - start
+                    };
+                    first_event = poll(looper.poll_all_timeout(duration).unwrap());
+                    start_cause = if first_event.is_some() {
+                        event::StartCause::WaitCancelled {
+                            start,
+                            requested_resume: Some(instant),
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        event::StartCause::ResumeTimeReached {
+                            start,
+                            requested_resume: instant,
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn window_target(&self) -> &event_loop::EventLoopWindowTarget<T> {
+        &self.window_target
     }
 
-    #[inline]
     pub fn primary_monitor(&self) -> MonitorHandle {
         MonitorHandle
     }
 
-    pub fn poll_events<F>(&mut self, mut callback: F)
-    where
-        F: FnMut(::Event),
-    {
-        while let Ok(event) = self.event_rx.try_recv() {
-            let e = match event {
-                android_glue::Event::EventMotion(motion) => {
-                    let dpi_factor = MonitorHandle.scale_factor();
-                    let location = LogicalPosition::from_physical(
-                        (motion.x as f64, motion.y as f64),
-                        dpi_factor,
-                    );
-                    Some(Event::WindowEvent {
-                        window_id: RootWindowId(WindowId),
-                        event: WindowEvent::Touch(Touch {
-                            phase: match motion.action {
-                                android_glue::MotionAction::Down => TouchPhase::Started,
-                                android_glue::MotionAction::Move => TouchPhase::Moved,
-                                android_glue::MotionAction::Up => TouchPhase::Ended,
-                                android_glue::MotionAction::Cancel => TouchPhase::Cancelled,
-                            },
-                            location,
-                            force: None, // TODO
-                            id: motion.pointer_id as u64,
-                            device_id: DEVICE_ID,
-                        }),
-                    })
-                }
-                android_glue::Event::InitWindow => {
-                    // The activity went to foreground.
-                    if let Some(cb) = self.suspend_callback.borrow().as_ref() {
-                        (*cb)(false);
-                    }
-                    Some(Event::Resumed)
-                }
-                android_glue::Event::TermWindow => {
-                    // The activity went to background.
-                    if let Some(cb) = self.suspend_callback.borrow().as_ref() {
-                        (*cb)(true);
-                    }
-                    Some(Event::Suspended)
-                }
-                android_glue::Event::WindowResized | android_glue::Event::ConfigChanged => {
-                    // Activity Orientation changed or resized.
-                    let native_window = unsafe { android_glue::native_window() };
-                    if native_window.is_null() {
-                        None
-                    } else {
-                        let dpi_factor = MonitorHandle.scale_factor();
-                        let physical_size = MonitorHandle.size();
-                        let size = LogicalSize::from_physical(physical_size, dpi_factor);
-                        Some(Event::WindowEvent {
-                            window_id: RootWindowId(WindowId),
-                            event: WindowEvent::Resized(size),
-                        })
-                    }
-                }
-                android_glue::Event::WindowRedrawNeeded => {
-                    // The activity needs to be redrawn.
-                    Some(Event::WindowEvent {
-                        window_id: RootWindowId(WindowId),
-                        event: WindowEvent::Redraw,
-                    })
-                }
-                android_glue::Event::Wake => Some(Event::Awakened),
-                _ => None,
-            };
+    pub fn available_monitors(&self) -> VecDeque<MonitorHandle> {
+        let mut v = VecDeque::with_capacity(1);
+        v.push_back(self.primary_monitor());
+        v
+    }
 
-            if let Some(event) = e {
-                callback(event);
-            }
+    pub fn create_proxy(&self) -> EventLoopProxy<T> {
+        EventLoopProxy {
+            queue: self.user_queue.clone(),
+            looper: ForeignLooper::for_thread().expect("called from event loop thread"),
         }
     }
-
-    pub fn set_suspend_callback(&self, cb: Option<Box<dyn Fn(bool) -> ()>>) {
-        *self.suspend_callback.borrow_mut() = cb;
-    }
-
-    pub fn run_forever<F>(&mut self, mut callback: F)
-    where
-        F: FnMut(::Event) -> ::ControlFlow,
-    {
-        // Yeah that's a very bad implementation.
-        loop {
-            let mut control_flow = ::ControlFlow::Continue;
-            self.poll_events(|e| {
-                if let ::ControlFlow::Break = callback(e) {
-                    control_flow = ::ControlFlow::Break;
-                }
-            });
-            if let ::ControlFlow::Break = control_flow {
-                break;
-            }
-            ::std::thread::sleep(::std::time::Duration::from_millis(5));
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn create_proxy(&self) -> EventLoopProxy {
-        EventLoopProxy
-    }
 }
 
-impl EventLoopProxy {
-    pub fn wakeup(&self) -> Result<(), ::EventLoopClosed<()>> {
-        android_glue::wake_event_loop();
+pub struct EventLoopProxy<T: 'static> {
+    queue: Arc<Mutex<VecDeque<T>>>,
+    looper: ForeignLooper,
+}
+
+impl<T> EventLoopProxy<T> {
+    pub fn send_event(&self, event: T) -> Result<(), event_loop::EventLoopClosed<T>> {
+        self.queue.lock().unwrap().push_back(event);
+        self.looper.wake();
         Ok(())
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
+impl<T> Clone for EventLoopProxy<T> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        EventLoopProxy {
+            queue: self.queue.clone(),
+            looper: self.looper.clone(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct EventLoopWindowTarget<T: 'static> {
+    _marker: std::marker::PhantomData<T>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, Hash, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
 pub struct WindowId;
 
 impl WindowId {
-    pub unsafe fn dummy() -> Self {
+    pub fn dummy() -> Self {
         WindowId
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, Hash, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
 pub struct DeviceId;
 
 impl DeviceId {
-    pub unsafe fn dummy() -> Self {
+    pub fn dummy() -> Self {
         DeviceId
     }
 }
 
-pub struct Window {
-    native_window: *const c_void,
-}
-
-#[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct MonitorHandle;
-
-impl fmt::Debug for MonitorHandle {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        #[derive(Debug)]
-        struct MonitorHandle {
-            name: Option<String>,
-            dimensions: PhysicalSize<u32>,
-            position: PhysicalPosition<i32>,
-            scale_factor: f64,
-        }
-
-        let monitor_id_proxy = MonitorHandle {
-            name: self.name(),
-            dimensions: self.size(),
-            position: self.outer_position(),
-            scale_factor: self.scale_factor(),
-        };
-
-        monitor_id_proxy.fmt(f)
-    }
-}
-
-impl MonitorHandle {
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn name(&self) -> Option<String> {
-        Some("Primary".to_string())
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn size(&self) -> PhysicalSize<u32> {
-        unsafe {
-            let window = android_glue::native_window();
-            (
-                ffi::ANativeWindow_getWidth(window) as f64,
-                ffi::ANativeWindow_getHeight(window) as f64,
-            )
-                .into()
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn outer_position(&self) -> PhysicalPosition<i32> {
-        // Android assumes single screen
-        (0, 0).into()
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> f64 {
-        1.0
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Clone, Default)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct PlatformSpecificWindowBuilderAttributes;
-#[derive(Clone, Default)]
-pub struct PlatformSpecificHeadlessBuilderAttributes;
+
+pub struct Window;
 
 impl Window {
-    pub fn new(
-        _: &EventLoop,
-        win_attribs: WindowAttributes,
+    pub fn new<T: 'static>(
+        _el: &EventLoopWindowTarget<T>,
+        _window_attrs: window::WindowAttributes,
         _: PlatformSpecificWindowBuilderAttributes,
-    ) -> Result<Window, CreationError> {
-        let native_window = unsafe { android_glue::native_window() };
-        if native_window.is_null() {
-            return Err(OsError(format!("Android's native window is null")));
-        }
-
-        android_glue::set_multitouch(true);
-
-        Ok(Window {
-            native_window: native_window as *const _,
-        })
+    ) -> Result<Self, error::OsError> {
+        // FIXME this ignores requested window attributes
+        Ok(Self)
     }
 
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn native_window(&self) -> *const c_void {
-        self.native_window
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_title(&self, _: &str) {
-        // N/A
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn show(&self) {
-        // N/A
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn hide(&self) {
-        // N/A
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn outer_position(&self) -> Option<LogicalPosition<f64>> {
-        // N/A
-        None
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn inner_position(&self) -> Option<LogicalPosition<f64>> {
-        // N/A
-        None
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_outer_position(&self, _position: LogicalPosition<f64>) {
-        // N/A
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_min_inner_size(&self, _dimensions: Option<LogicalSize<f64>>) {
-        // N/A
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_max_inner_size(&self, _dimensions: Option<LogicalSize<f64>>) {
-        // N/A
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_resizable(&self, _resizable: bool) {
-        // N/A
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn inner_size(&self) -> Option<LogicalSize<f64>> {
-        if self.native_window.is_null() {
-            None
-        } else {
-            let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-            let physical_size = self.current_monitor().size();
-            Some(LogicalSize::from_physical(physical_size, dpi_factor))
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn outer_size(&self) -> Option<LogicalSize<f64>> {
-        self.inner_size()
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_inner_size(&self, _size: LogicalSize<f64>) {
-        // N/A
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> f64 {
-        self.current_monitor().scale_factor()
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_cursor_icon(&self, _: CursorIcon) {
-        // N/A
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_cursor_grab(&self, _grab: bool) -> Result<(), ExternalError> {
-        Err(ExternalError::NotSupported(NotSupportedError::new()))
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn hide_cursor(&self, _hide: bool) {
-        // N/A
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_cursor_position(
-        &self,
-        _position: LogicalPosition<f64>,
-    ) -> Result<(), ExternalError> {
-        Err(ExternalError::NotSupported(NotSupportedError::new()))
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_minimized(&self, _minimized: bool) {
-        unimplemented!()
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_maximized(&self, _maximized: bool) {
-        // N/A
-        // Android has single screen maximized apps so nothing to do
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn fullscreen(&self) -> Option<RootMonitorHandle> {
-        // N/A
-        // Android has single screen maximized apps so nothing to do
-        None
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_fullscreen(&self, _monitor: Option<RootMonitorHandle>) {
-        // N/A
-        // Android has single screen maximized apps so nothing to do
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_decorations(&self, _decorations: bool) {
-        // N/A
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_always_on_top(&self, _always_on_top: bool) {
-        // N/A
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_window_icon(&self, _icon: Option<::Icon>) {
-        // N/A
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn set_ime_position(&self, _spot: LogicalPosition<f64>) {
-        // N/A
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn current_monitor(&self) -> RootMonitorHandle {
-        RootMonitorHandle {
-            inner: MonitorHandle,
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn available_monitors(&self) -> VecDeque<MonitorHandle> {
-        let mut rb = VecDeque::with_capacity(1);
-        rb.push_back(MonitorHandle);
-        rb
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn primary_monitor(&self) -> MonitorHandle {
-        MonitorHandle
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
     pub fn id(&self) -> WindowId {
         WindowId
     }
 
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn raw_window_handle(&self) -> RawWindowHandle {
-        let handle = AndroidHandle {
-            a_native_window: self.native_window,
-            ..WindowsHandle::empty()
+    pub fn primary_monitor(&self) -> MonitorHandle {
+        MonitorHandle
+    }
+
+    pub fn available_monitors(&self) -> VecDeque<MonitorHandle> {
+        let mut v = VecDeque::with_capacity(1);
+        v.push_back(MonitorHandle);
+        v
+    }
+
+    pub fn current_monitor(&self) -> monitor::MonitorHandle {
+        monitor::MonitorHandle {
+            inner: MonitorHandle,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> f64 {
+        MonitorHandle.scale_factor()
+    }
+
+    pub fn request_redraw(&self) {
+        // TODO
+    }
+
+    pub fn inner_position(&self) -> Result<PhysicalPosition<i32>, error::NotSupportedError> {
+        Err(error::NotSupportedError::new())
+    }
+
+    pub fn outer_position(&self) -> Result<PhysicalPosition<i32>, error::NotSupportedError> {
+        Err(error::NotSupportedError::new())
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_outer_position(&self, _position: Position) {
+        // no effect
+    }
+
+    pub fn inner_size(&self) -> PhysicalSize<u32> {
+        self.outer_size()
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_inner_size(&self, _size: Size) {
+        panic!("Cannot set window size on Android");
+    }
+
+    pub fn outer_size(&self) -> PhysicalSize<u32> {
+        MonitorHandle.size()
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_min_inner_size(&self, _: Option<Size>) {}
+
+    pub fn set_max_inner_size(&self, _: Option<Size>) {}
+
+    pub fn set_title(&self, _title: &str) {}
+
+    pub fn set_visible(&self, _visibility: bool) {}
+
+    pub fn set_resizable(&self, _resizeable: bool) {}
+
+    pub fn set_minimized(&self, _minimized: bool) {}
+
+    pub fn set_maximized(&self, _maximized: bool) {}
+
+    pub fn set_fullscreen(&self, _monitor: Option<window::Fullscreen>) {
+        panic!("Cannot set fullscreen on Android");
+    }
+
+    pub fn fullscreen(&self) -> Option<window::Fullscreen> {
+        None
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_decorations(&self, _decorations: bool) {}
+
+    pub fn set_always_on_top(&self, _always_on_top: bool) {}
+
+    pub fn set_window_icon(&self, _window_icon: Option<crate::icon::Icon>) {}
+
+    pub fn set_ime_position(&self, _position: Position) {}
+
+    pub fn set_cursor_icon(&self, _: window::CursorIcon) {}
+
+    pub fn set_cursor_position(&self, _: Position) -> Result<(), error::ExternalError> {
+        Err(error::ExternalError::NotSupported(
+            error::NotSupportedError::new(),
+        ))
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_cursor_grab(&self, _: bool) -> Result<(), error::ExternalError> {
+        Err(error::ExternalError::NotSupported(
+            error::NotSupportedError::new(),
+        ))
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_cursor_visible(&self, _: bool) {}
+
+    pub fn raw_window_handle(&self) -> raw_window_handle::RawWindowHandle {
+        let a_native_window = if let Some(native_window) = ndk_glue::native_window().as_ref() {
+            unsafe { native_window.ptr().as_mut() as *mut _ as *mut _ }
+        } else {
+            panic!("native window null");
         };
-        RawWindowHandle::Android(handle)
+        let mut handle = raw_window_handle::android::AndroidHandle::empty();
+        handle.a_native_window = a_native_window;
+        raw_window_handle::RawWindowHandle::Android(handle)
+    }
+
+    pub fn config(&self) -> Configuration {
+        CONFIG.read().unwrap().clone()
+    }
+
+    pub fn content_rect(&self) -> Rect {
+        ndk_glue::content_rect()
     }
 }
 
-unsafe impl Send for Window {}
-unsafe impl Sync for Window {}
+#[derive(Default, Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct OsError;
 
-// Constant device ID, to be removed when this backend is updated to report real device IDs.
-const DEVICE_ID: ::DeviceId = ::DeviceId(DeviceId);
+use std::fmt::{self, Display, Formatter};
+impl Display for OsError {
+    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), fmt::Error> {
+        write!(fmt, "Android OS Error")
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) use crate::icon::NoIcon as PlatformIcon;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
+pub struct MonitorHandle;
+
+impl MonitorHandle {
+    pub fn name(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        Some("Android Device".to_owned())
+    }
+
+    pub fn size(&self) -> PhysicalSize<u32> {
+        if let Some(native_window) = ndk_glue::native_window().as_ref() {
+            let width = native_window.width() as _;
+            let height = native_window.height() as _;
+            PhysicalSize::new(width, height)
+        } else {
+            PhysicalSize::new(0, 0)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn position(&self) -> PhysicalPosition<i32> {
+        (0, 0).into()
+    }
+
+    pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> f64 {
+        let config = CONFIG.read().unwrap();
+        config
+            .density()
+            .map(|dpi| dpi as f64 / 160.0)
+            .unwrap_or(1.0)
+    }
+
+    pub fn video_modes(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = monitor::VideoMode> {
+        let size = self.size().into();
+        let mut v = Vec::new();
+        // FIXME this is not the real refresh rate
+        // (it is guarunteed to support 32 bit color though)
+        v.push(monitor::VideoMode {
+            video_mode: VideoMode {
+                size,
+                bit_depth: 32,
+                refresh_rate: 60,
+                monitor: self.clone(),
+            },
+        });
+        v.into_iter()
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
+pub struct VideoMode {
+    size: (u32, u32),
+    bit_depth: u16,
+    refresh_rate: u16,
+    monitor: MonitorHandle,
+}
+
+impl VideoMode {
+    pub fn size(&self) -> PhysicalSize<u32> {
+        self.size.into()
+    }
+
+    pub fn bit_depth(&self) -> u16 {
+        self.bit_depth
+    }
+
+    pub fn refresh_rate(&self) -> u16 {
+        self.refresh_rate
+    }
+
+    pub fn monitor(&self) -> monitor::MonitorHandle {
+        monitor::MonitorHandle {
+            inner: self.monitor.clone(),
+        }
+    }
+}

src/platform_impl/ios/event_loop.rs

@@ -215,10 +215,10 @@ fn setup_control_flow_observers() {
 
         // Core Animation registers its `CFRunLoopObserver` that performs drawing operations in
         // `CA::Transaction::ensure_implicit` with a priority of `0x1e8480`. We set the main_end
-        // priority to be 0, in order to send EventsCleared before RedrawRequested. This value was
+        // priority to be 0, in order to send MainEventsCleared before RedrawRequested. This value was
         // chosen conservatively to guard against apple using different priorities for their redraw
         // observers in different OS's or on different devices. If it so happens that it's too
-        // conservative, the main symptom would be non-redraw events coming in after `EventsCleared`.
+        // conservative, the main symptom would be non-redraw events coming in after `MainEventsCleared`.
         //
         // The value of `0x1e8480` was determined by inspecting stack traces and the associated
         // registers for every `CFRunLoopAddObserver` call on an iPad Air 2 running iOS 11.4.

src/platform_impl/ios/mod.rs

@@ -83,6 +83,8 @@ pub use self::{
     window::{PlatformSpecificWindowBuilderAttributes, Window, WindowId},
 };
 
+pub(crate) use crate::icon::NoIcon as PlatformIcon;
+
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
 pub struct DeviceId {
     uiscreen: ffi::id,

src/platform_impl/ios/view.rs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use objc::{
 };
 
 use crate::{
+    dpi::PhysicalPosition,
     event::{DeviceId as RootDeviceId, Event, Force, Touch, TouchPhase, WindowEvent},
     platform::ios::MonitorHandleExtIOS,
     platform_impl::platform::{
@@ -127,12 +128,12 @@ unsafe fn get_view_class(root_view_class: &'static Class) -> &'static Class {
                 let screen_space: id = msg_send![screen, coordinateSpace];
                 let screen_frame: CGRect =
                     msg_send![object, convertRect:bounds toCoordinateSpace:screen_space];
-                let dpi_factor: CGFloat = msg_send![screen, scale];
+                let scale_factor: CGFloat = msg_send![screen, scale];
                 let size = crate::dpi::LogicalSize {
                     width: screen_frame.size.width as f64,
                     height: screen_frame.size.height as f64,
                 }
-                .to_physical(dpi_factor.into());
+                .to_physical(scale_factor.into());
                 app_state::handle_nonuser_event(EventWrapper::StaticEvent(Event::WindowEvent {
                     window_id: RootWindowId(window.into()),
                     event: WindowEvent::Resized(size),
@@ -162,15 +163,15 @@ unsafe fn get_view_class(root_view_class: &'static Class) -> &'static Class {
                 // `setContentScaleFactor` may be called with a value of 0, which means "reset the
                 // content scale factor to a device-specific default value", so we can't use the
                 // parameter here. We can query the actual factor using the getter
-                let dpi_factor: CGFloat = msg_send![object, contentScaleFactor];
+                let scale_factor: CGFloat = msg_send![object, contentScaleFactor];
                 assert!(
-                    !dpi_factor.is_nan()
-                        && dpi_factor.is_finite()
-                        && dpi_factor.is_sign_positive()
-                        && dpi_factor > 0.0,
+                    !scale_factor.is_nan()
+                        && scale_factor.is_finite()
+                        && scale_factor.is_sign_positive()
+                        && scale_factor > 0.0,
                     "invalid scale_factor set on UIView",
                 );
-                let scale_factor: f64 = dpi_factor.into();
+                let scale_factor: f64 = scale_factor.into();
                 let bounds: CGRect = msg_send![object, bounds];
                 let screen: id = msg_send![window, screen];
                 let screen_space: id = msg_send![screen, coordinateSpace];
@@ -209,7 +210,7 @@ unsafe fn get_view_class(root_view_class: &'static Class) -> &'static Class {
                     if touch == nil {
                         break;
                     }
-                    let location: CGPoint = msg_send![touch, locationInView: nil];
+                    let logical_location: CGPoint = msg_send![touch, locationInView: nil];
                     let touch_type: UITouchType = msg_send![touch, type];
                     let force = if os_supports_force {
                         let trait_collection: id = msg_send![object, traitCollection];
@@ -248,12 +249,19 @@ unsafe fn get_view_class(root_view_class: &'static Class) -> &'static Class {
                         _ => panic!("unexpected touch phase: {:?}", phase as i32),
                     };
 
+                    let physical_location = {
+                        let scale_factor: CGFloat = msg_send![object, contentScaleFactor];
+                        PhysicalPosition::from_logical::<(f64, f64), f64>(
+                            (logical_location.x as _, logical_location.y as _),
+                            scale_factor,
+                        )
+                    };
                     touch_events.push(EventWrapper::StaticEvent(Event::WindowEvent {
                         window_id: RootWindowId(window.into()),
                         event: WindowEvent::Touch(Touch {
                             device_id: RootDeviceId(DeviceId { uiscreen }),
                             id: touch_id,
-                            location: (location.x as f64, location.y as f64).into(),
+                            location: physical_location,
                             force,
                             phase,
                         }),

src/platform_impl/ios/window.rs

@@ -83,8 +83,8 @@ impl Inner {
                 x: safe_area.origin.x as f64,
                 y: safe_area.origin.y as f64,
             };
-            let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-            Ok(position.to_physical(dpi_factor))
+            let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+            Ok(position.to_physical(scale_factor))
         }
     }
 
@@ -95,15 +95,15 @@ impl Inner {
                 x: screen_frame.origin.x as f64,
                 y: screen_frame.origin.y as f64,
             };
-            let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-            Ok(position.to_physical(dpi_factor))
+            let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+            Ok(position.to_physical(scale_factor))
         }
     }
 
     pub fn set_outer_position(&self, physical_position: Position) {
         unsafe {
-            let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-            let position = physical_position.to_logical::<f64>(dpi_factor);
+            let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+            let position = physical_position.to_logical::<f64>(scale_factor);
             let screen_frame = self.screen_frame();
             let new_screen_frame = CGRect {
                 origin: CGPoint {
@@ -119,25 +119,25 @@ impl Inner {
 
     pub fn inner_size(&self) -> PhysicalSize<u32> {
         unsafe {
-            let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
+            let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
             let safe_area = self.safe_area_screen_space();
             let size = LogicalSize {
                 width: safe_area.size.width as f64,
                 height: safe_area.size.height as f64,
             };
-            size.to_physical(dpi_factor)
+            size.to_physical(scale_factor)
         }
     }
 
     pub fn outer_size(&self) -> PhysicalSize<u32> {
         unsafe {
-            let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
+            let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
             let screen_frame = self.screen_frame();
             let size = LogicalSize {
                 width: screen_frame.size.width as f64,
                 height: screen_frame.size.height as f64,
             };
-            size.to_physical(dpi_factor)
+            size.to_physical(scale_factor)
         }
     }
 
@@ -355,8 +355,8 @@ impl Window {
 
             let frame = match window_attributes.inner_size {
                 Some(dim) => {
-                    let dpi_factor = msg_send![screen, scale];
-                    let size = dim.to_logical::<f64>(dpi_factor);
+                    let scale_factor = msg_send![screen, scale];
+                    let size = dim.to_logical::<f64>(scale_factor);
                     CGRect {
                         origin: screen_bounds.origin,
                         size: CGSize {
@@ -400,8 +400,8 @@ impl Window {
 
             // Like the Windows and macOS backends, we send a `ScaleFactorChanged` and `Resized`
             // event on window creation if the DPI factor != 1.0
-            let dpi_factor: CGFloat = msg_send![view, contentScaleFactor];
-            let scale_factor: f64 = dpi_factor.into();
+            let scale_factor: CGFloat = msg_send![view, contentScaleFactor];
+            let scale_factor: f64 = scale_factor.into();
             if scale_factor != 1.0 {
                 let bounds: CGRect = msg_send![view, bounds];
                 let screen: id = msg_send![window, screen];

src/platform_impl/linux/mod.rs

@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ use crate::{
     window::{CursorIcon, Fullscreen, WindowAttributes},
 };
 
+pub(crate) use crate::icon::RgbaIcon as PlatformIcon;
+
 pub mod wayland;
 pub mod x11;
 
@@ -61,7 +63,7 @@ impl Default for PlatformSpecificWindowBuilderAttributes {
 
 lazy_static! {
     pub static ref X11_BACKEND: Mutex<Result<Arc<XConnection>, XNotSupported>> =
-        { Mutex::new(XConnection::new(Some(x_error_callback)).map(Arc::new)) };
+        Mutex::new(XConnection::new(Some(x_error_callback)).map(Arc::new));
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
@@ -584,13 +586,12 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventLoop<T> {
     }
 
     pub fn new_x11_any_thread() -> Result<EventLoop<T>, XNotSupported> {
-        X11_BACKEND
-            .lock()
-            .as_ref()
-            .map(Arc::clone)
-            .map(x11::EventLoop::new)
-            .map(EventLoop::X)
-            .map_err(|err| err.clone())
+        let xconn = match X11_BACKEND.lock().as_ref() {
+            Ok(xconn) => xconn.clone(),
+            Err(err) => return Err(err.clone()),
+        };
+
+        Ok(EventLoop::X(x11::EventLoop::new(xconn)))
     }
 
     #[inline]

src/platform_impl/linux/wayland/event_loop.rs

@@ -39,7 +39,10 @@ use crate::{
     window::{CursorIcon, WindowId as RootWindowId},
 };
 
-use super::{window::WindowStore, DeviceId, WindowId};
+use super::{
+    window::{DecorationsAction, WindowStore},
+    DeviceId, WindowId,
+};
 
 use smithay_client_toolkit::{
     output::OutputMgr,
@@ -90,6 +93,7 @@ pub struct CursorManager {
     locked_pointers: Vec<ZwpLockedPointerV1>,
     cursor_visible: bool,
     current_cursor: CursorIcon,
+    scale_factor: u32,
 }
 
 impl CursorManager {
@@ -101,6 +105,7 @@ impl CursorManager {
             locked_pointers: Vec::new(),
             cursor_visible: true,
             current_cursor: CursorIcon::default(),
+            scale_factor: 1,
         }
     }
 
@@ -145,6 +150,11 @@ impl CursorManager {
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn update_scale_factor(&mut self, scale: u32) {
+        self.scale_factor = scale;
+        self.reload_cursor_style();
+    }
+
     fn set_cursor_icon_impl(&mut self, cursor: CursorIcon) {
         let cursor = match cursor {
             CursorIcon::Alias => "link",
@@ -193,7 +203,7 @@ impl CursorManager {
         for pointer in self.pointers.iter() {
             // Ignore erros, since we don't want to fail hard in case we can't find a proper cursor
             // in a given theme.
-            let _ = pointer.set_cursor(cursor, None);
+            let _ = pointer.set_cursor_with_scale(cursor, self.scale_factor, None);
         }
     }
 
@@ -704,47 +714,70 @@ impl<T> EventLoop<T> {
         window_target.store.lock().unwrap().for_each(|window| {
             let window_id =
                 crate::window::WindowId(crate::platform_impl::WindowId::Wayland(window.wid));
-            if let Some(frame) = window.frame {
-                if let Some((w, h)) = window.newsize {
-                    // mutter (GNOME Wayland) relies on `set_geometry` to reposition window in case
-                    // it overlaps mutter's `bounding box`, so we can't avoid this resize call,
-                    // which calls `set_geometry` under the hood, for now.
-                    frame.resize(w, h);
-                    frame.refresh();
 
-                    // Don't send resize event downstream if the new size is identical to the
-                    // current one.
-                    if (w, h) != *window.size {
-                        let logical_size = crate::dpi::LogicalSize::new(w as f64, h as f64);
-                        let physical_size = logical_size
-                            .to_physical(window.new_dpi.unwrap_or(window.prev_dpi) as f64);
-
-                        callback(Event::WindowEvent {
-                            window_id,
-                            event: WindowEvent::Resized(physical_size),
-                        });
-                        *window.size = (w, h);
-                    }
-                }
-
-                if let Some(dpi) = window.new_dpi {
-                    let dpi = dpi as f64;
-                    let logical_size = LogicalSize::<f64>::from(*window.size);
-                    let mut new_inner_size = logical_size.to_physical(dpi);
+            // Update window logical .size field (for callbacks using .inner_size)
+            let (old_logical_size, mut logical_size) = {
+                let mut window_size = window.size.lock().unwrap();
+                let old_logical_size = *window_size;
+                *window_size = window.new_size.unwrap_or(old_logical_size);
+                (old_logical_size, *window_size)
+            };
 
+            if let Some(scale_factor) = window.new_scale_factor {
+                // Update cursor scale factor
+                self.cursor_manager
+                    .lock()
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .update_scale_factor(scale_factor as u32);
+                let new_logical_size = {
+                    let scale_factor = scale_factor as f64;
+                    let mut physical_size =
+                        LogicalSize::<f64>::from(logical_size).to_physical(scale_factor);
                     callback(Event::WindowEvent {
                         window_id,
                         event: WindowEvent::ScaleFactorChanged {
-                            scale_factor: dpi,
-                            new_inner_size: &mut new_inner_size,
+                            scale_factor,
+                            new_inner_size: &mut physical_size,
                         },
                     });
-
-                    let (w, h) = new_inner_size.to_logical::<u32>(dpi).into();
-                    frame.resize(w, h);
-                    *window.size = (w, h);
+                    physical_size.to_logical::<u32>(scale_factor).into()
+                };
+                // Update size if changed by callback
+                if new_logical_size != logical_size {
+                    logical_size = new_logical_size;
+                    *window.size.lock().unwrap() = logical_size.into();
                 }
             }
+
+            if window.new_size.is_some() || window.new_scale_factor.is_some() {
+                if let Some(frame) = window.frame {
+                    // Update decorations state
+                    match window.decorations_action {
+                        Some(DecorationsAction::Hide) => frame.set_decorate(false),
+                        Some(DecorationsAction::Show) => frame.set_decorate(true),
+                        None => (),
+                    }
+
+                    // mutter (GNOME Wayland) relies on `set_geometry` to reposition window in case
+                    // it overlaps mutter's `bounding box`, so we can't avoid this resize call,
+                    // which calls `set_geometry` under the hood, for now.
+                    let (w, h) = logical_size;
+                    frame.resize(w, h);
+                    frame.refresh();
+                }
+                // Don't send resize event downstream if the new logical size and scale is identical to the
+                // current one
+                if logical_size != old_logical_size || window.new_scale_factor.is_some() {
+                    let physical_size = LogicalSize::<f64>::from(logical_size).to_physical(
+                        window.new_scale_factor.unwrap_or(window.prev_scale_factor) as f64,
+                    );
+                    callback(Event::WindowEvent {
+                        window_id,
+                        event: WindowEvent::Resized(physical_size),
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+
             if window.closed {
                 callback(Event::WindowEvent {
                     window_id,

src/platform_impl/linux/wayland/keyboard.rs

@@ -8,9 +8,7 @@ use smithay_client_toolkit::{
     reexports::client::protocol::{wl_keyboard, wl_seat},
 };
 
-use crate::event::{
-    DeviceEvent, ElementState, KeyboardInput, ModifiersState, VirtualKeyCode, WindowEvent,
-};
+use crate::event::{ElementState, KeyboardInput, ModifiersState, VirtualKeyCode, WindowEvent};
 
 pub fn init_keyboard(
     seat: &wl_seat::WlSeat,
@@ -33,9 +31,24 @@ pub fn init_keyboard(
                     let wid = make_wid(&surface);
                     my_sink.send_window_event(WindowEvent::Focused(true), wid);
                     *target.lock().unwrap() = Some(wid);
+
+                    let modifiers = *modifiers_tracker.lock().unwrap();
+
+                    if !modifiers.is_empty() {
+                        my_sink.send_window_event(WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged(modifiers), wid);
+                    }
                 }
                 KbEvent::Leave { surface, .. } => {
                     let wid = make_wid(&surface);
+                    let modifiers = *modifiers_tracker.lock().unwrap();
+
+                    if !modifiers.is_empty() {
+                        my_sink.send_window_event(
+                            WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged(ModifiersState::empty()),
+                            wid,
+                        );
+                    }
+
                     my_sink.send_window_event(WindowEvent::Focused(false), wid);
                     *target.lock().unwrap() = None;
                 }
@@ -88,7 +101,9 @@ pub fn init_keyboard(
 
                     *modifiers_tracker.lock().unwrap() = modifiers;
 
-                    my_sink.send_device_event(DeviceEvent::ModifiersChanged(modifiers), DeviceId);
+                    if let Some(wid) = *target.lock().unwrap() {
+                        my_sink.send_window_event(WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged(modifiers), wid);
+                    }
                 }
             }
         },

src/platform_impl/linux/wayland/pointer.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 
+use crate::dpi::LogicalPosition;
 use crate::event::{
     DeviceEvent, ElementState, ModifiersState, MouseButton, MouseScrollDelta, TouchPhase,
     WindowEvent,
@@ -7,10 +8,13 @@ use crate::event::{
 
 use super::{
     event_loop::{CursorManager, EventsSink},
+    make_wid,
     window::WindowStore,
     DeviceId,
 };
 
+use smithay_client_toolkit::surface;
+
 use smithay_client_toolkit::reexports::client::protocol::{
     wl_pointer::{self, Event as PtrEvent, WlPointer},
     wl_seat,
@@ -36,6 +40,7 @@ pub fn implement_pointer(
     cursor_manager: Arc<Mutex<CursorManager>>,
 ) -> WlPointer {
     seat.get_pointer(|pointer| {
+        // Currently focused winit surface
         let mut mouse_focus = None;
         let mut axis_buffer = None;
         let mut axis_discrete_buffer = None;
@@ -53,8 +58,10 @@ pub fn implement_pointer(
                         ..
                     } => {
                         let wid = store.find_wid(&surface);
+
                         if let Some(wid) = wid {
-                            mouse_focus = Some(wid);
+                            let scale_factor = surface::get_dpi_factor(&surface) as f64;
+                            mouse_focus = Some(surface);
 
                             // Reload cursor style only when we enter winit's surface. Calling
                             // this function every time on `PtrEvent::Enter` could interfere with
@@ -70,12 +77,16 @@ pub fn implement_pointer(
                                 },
                                 wid,
                             );
+
+                            let position = LogicalPosition::new(surface_x, surface_y)
+                                .to_physical(scale_factor);
+
                             sink.send_window_event(
                                 WindowEvent::CursorMoved {
                                     device_id: crate::event::DeviceId(
                                         crate::platform_impl::DeviceId::Wayland(DeviceId),
                                     ),
-                                    position: (surface_x, surface_y).into(),
+                                    position,
                                     modifiers: modifiers_tracker.lock().unwrap().clone(),
                                 },
                                 wid,
@@ -101,13 +112,19 @@ pub fn implement_pointer(
                         surface_y,
                         ..
                     } => {
-                        if let Some(wid) = mouse_focus {
+                        if let Some(surface) = mouse_focus.as_ref() {
+                            let wid = make_wid(surface);
+
+                            let scale_factor = surface::get_dpi_factor(&surface) as f64;
+                            let position = LogicalPosition::new(surface_x, surface_y)
+                                .to_physical(scale_factor);
+
                             sink.send_window_event(
                                 WindowEvent::CursorMoved {
                                     device_id: crate::event::DeviceId(
                                         crate::platform_impl::DeviceId::Wayland(DeviceId),
                                     ),
-                                    position: (surface_x, surface_y).into(),
+                                    position,
                                     modifiers: modifiers_tracker.lock().unwrap().clone(),
                                 },
                                 wid,
@@ -115,7 +132,7 @@ pub fn implement_pointer(
                         }
                     }
                     PtrEvent::Button { button, state, .. } => {
-                        if let Some(wid) = mouse_focus {
+                        if let Some(surface) = mouse_focus.as_ref() {
                             let state = match state {
                                 wl_pointer::ButtonState::Pressed => ElementState::Pressed,
                                 wl_pointer::ButtonState::Released => ElementState::Released,
@@ -137,12 +154,13 @@ pub fn implement_pointer(
                                     button,
                                     modifiers: modifiers_tracker.lock().unwrap().clone(),
                                 },
-                                wid,
+                                make_wid(surface),
                             );
                         }
                     }
                     PtrEvent::Axis { axis, value, .. } => {
-                        if let Some(wid) = mouse_focus {
+                        if let Some(surface) = mouse_focus.as_ref() {
+                            let wid = make_wid(surface);
                             if pointer.as_ref().version() < 5 {
                                 let (mut x, mut y) = (0.0, 0.0);
                                 // old seat compatibility
@@ -184,7 +202,8 @@ pub fn implement_pointer(
                     PtrEvent::Frame => {
                         let axis_buffer = axis_buffer.take();
                         let axis_discrete_buffer = axis_discrete_buffer.take();
-                        if let Some(wid) = mouse_focus {
+                        if let Some(surface) = mouse_focus.as_ref() {
+                            let wid = make_wid(surface);
                             if let Some((x, y)) = axis_discrete_buffer {
                                 sink.send_window_event(
                                     WindowEvent::MouseWheel {

src/platform_impl/linux/wayland/touch.rs

@@ -1,17 +1,22 @@
 use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 
+use crate::dpi::LogicalPosition;
 use crate::event::{TouchPhase, WindowEvent};
 
-use super::{event_loop::EventsSink, window::WindowStore, DeviceId, WindowId};
+use super::{event_loop::EventsSink, make_wid, window::WindowStore, DeviceId};
+
+use smithay_client_toolkit::surface;
 
 use smithay_client_toolkit::reexports::client::protocol::{
     wl_seat,
+    wl_surface::WlSurface,
     wl_touch::{Event as TouchEvent, WlTouch},
 };
 
+// location is in logical coordinates.
 struct TouchPoint {
-    wid: WindowId,
-    location: (f64, f64),
+    surface: WlSurface,
+    position: LogicalPosition<f64>,
     id: i32,
 }
 
@@ -31,21 +36,24 @@ pub(crate) fn implement_touch(
                     } => {
                         let wid = store.find_wid(&surface);
                         if let Some(wid) = wid {
+                            let scale_factor = surface::get_dpi_factor(&surface) as f64;
+                            let position = LogicalPosition::new(x, y);
+
                             sink.send_window_event(
                                 WindowEvent::Touch(crate::event::Touch {
                                     device_id: crate::event::DeviceId(
                                         crate::platform_impl::DeviceId::Wayland(DeviceId),
                                     ),
                                     phase: TouchPhase::Started,
-                                    location: (x, y).into(),
+                                    location: position.to_physical(scale_factor),
                                     force: None, // TODO
                                     id: id as u64,
                                 }),
                                 wid,
                             );
                             pending_ids.push(TouchPoint {
-                                wid,
-                                location: (x, y),
+                                surface,
+                                position,
                                 id,
                             });
                         }
@@ -54,52 +62,63 @@ pub(crate) fn implement_touch(
                         let idx = pending_ids.iter().position(|p| p.id == id);
                         if let Some(idx) = idx {
                             let pt = pending_ids.remove(idx);
+
+                            let scale_factor = surface::get_dpi_factor(&pt.surface) as f64;
+                            let location = pt.position.to_physical(scale_factor);
+
                             sink.send_window_event(
                                 WindowEvent::Touch(crate::event::Touch {
                                     device_id: crate::event::DeviceId(
                                         crate::platform_impl::DeviceId::Wayland(DeviceId),
                                     ),
                                     phase: TouchPhase::Ended,
-                                    location: pt.location.into(),
+                                    location,
                                     force: None, // TODO
                                     id: id as u64,
                                 }),
-                                pt.wid,
+                                make_wid(&pt.surface),
                             );
                         }
                     }
                     TouchEvent::Motion { id, x, y, .. } => {
                         let pt = pending_ids.iter_mut().find(|p| p.id == id);
                         if let Some(pt) = pt {
-                            pt.location = (x, y);
+                            pt.position = LogicalPosition::new(x, y);
+
+                            let scale_factor = surface::get_dpi_factor(&pt.surface) as f64;
+                            let location = pt.position.to_physical(scale_factor);
+
                             sink.send_window_event(
                                 WindowEvent::Touch(crate::event::Touch {
                                     device_id: crate::event::DeviceId(
                                         crate::platform_impl::DeviceId::Wayland(DeviceId),
                                     ),
                                     phase: TouchPhase::Moved,
-                                    location: (x, y).into(),
+                                    location,
                                     force: None, // TODO
                                     id: id as u64,
                                 }),
-                                pt.wid,
+                                make_wid(&pt.surface),
                             );
                         }
                     }
                     TouchEvent::Frame => (),
                     TouchEvent::Cancel => {
                         for pt in pending_ids.drain(..) {
+                            let scale_factor = surface::get_dpi_factor(&pt.surface) as f64;
+                            let location = pt.position.to_physical(scale_factor);
+
                             sink.send_window_event(
                                 WindowEvent::Touch(crate::event::Touch {
                                     device_id: crate::event::DeviceId(
                                         crate::platform_impl::DeviceId::Wayland(DeviceId),
                                     ),
                                     phase: TouchPhase::Cancelled,
-                                    location: pt.location.into(),
+                                    location,
                                     force: None, // TODO
                                     id: pt.id as u64,
                                 }),
-                                pt.wid,
+                                make_wid(&pt.surface),
                             );
                         }
                     }

src/platform_impl/linux/wayland/window.rs

@@ -41,6 +41,13 @@ pub struct Window {
     need_refresh: Arc<Mutex<bool>>,
     fullscreen: Arc<Mutex<bool>>,
     cursor_grab_changed: Arc<Mutex<Option<bool>>>, // Update grab state
+    decorated: Arc<Mutex<bool>>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub enum DecorationsAction {
+    Hide,
+    Show,
 }
 
 impl Window {
@@ -52,15 +59,20 @@ impl Window {
         // Create the surface first to get initial DPI
         let window_store = evlp.store.clone();
         let cursor_manager = evlp.cursor_manager.clone();
-        let surface = evlp.env.create_surface(move |dpi, surface| {
-            window_store.lock().unwrap().dpi_change(&surface, dpi);
-            surface.set_buffer_scale(dpi);
+        let surface = evlp.env.create_surface(move |scale_factor, surface| {
+            window_store
+                .lock()
+                .unwrap()
+                .scale_factor_change(&surface, scale_factor);
+            surface.set_buffer_scale(scale_factor);
         });
 
-        let dpi = get_dpi_factor(&surface) as f64;
+        // Always 1.
+        let scale_factor = get_dpi_factor(&surface);
+
         let (width, height) = attributes
             .inner_size
-            .map(|size| size.to_logical::<f64>(dpi).into())
+            .map(|size| size.to_logical::<f64>(scale_factor as f64).into())
             .unwrap_or((800, 600));
 
         // Create the window
@@ -69,6 +81,9 @@ impl Window {
 
         let window_store = evlp.store.clone();
 
+        let decorated = Arc::new(Mutex::new(attributes.decorations));
+        let pending_decorations_action = Arc::new(Mutex::new(None));
+
         let my_surface = surface.clone();
         let mut frame = SWindow::<ConceptFrame>::init_from_env(
             &evlp.env,
@@ -81,9 +96,25 @@ impl Window {
 
                     for window in &mut store.windows {
                         if window.surface.as_ref().equals(&my_surface.as_ref()) {
-                            window.newsize = new_size;
+                            window.new_size = new_size;
                             *(window.need_refresh.lock().unwrap()) = true;
-                            *(window.fullscreen.lock().unwrap()) = is_fullscreen;
+                            {
+                                // Get whether we're in fullscreen
+                                let mut fullscreen = window.fullscreen.lock().unwrap();
+                                // Fullscreen state was changed, so update decorations
+                                if *fullscreen != is_fullscreen {
+                                    let decorated = { *window.decorated.lock().unwrap() };
+                                    if decorated {
+                                        *window.pending_decorations_action.lock().unwrap() =
+                                            if is_fullscreen {
+                                                Some(DecorationsAction::Hide)
+                                            } else {
+                                                Some(DecorationsAction::Show)
+                                            };
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                *fullscreen = is_fullscreen;
+                            }
                             *(window.need_frame_refresh.lock().unwrap()) = true;
                             return;
                         }
@@ -147,12 +178,12 @@ impl Window {
         frame.set_min_size(
             attributes
                 .min_inner_size
-                .map(|size| size.to_logical::<f64>(dpi).into()),
+                .map(|size| size.to_logical::<f64>(scale_factor as f64).into()),
         );
         frame.set_max_size(
             attributes
                 .max_inner_size
-                .map(|size| size.to_logical::<f64>(dpi).into()),
+                .map(|size| size.to_logical::<f64>(scale_factor as f64).into()),
         );
 
         let kill_switch = Arc::new(Mutex::new(false));
@@ -163,7 +194,7 @@ impl Window {
 
         evlp.store.lock().unwrap().windows.push(InternalWindow {
             closed: false,
-            newsize: None,
+            new_size: None,
             size: size.clone(),
             need_refresh: need_refresh.clone(),
             fullscreen: fullscreen.clone(),
@@ -172,8 +203,10 @@ impl Window {
             surface: surface.clone(),
             kill_switch: kill_switch.clone(),
             frame: Arc::downgrade(&frame),
-            current_dpi: 1,
-            new_dpi: None,
+            current_scale_factor: scale_factor,
+            new_scale_factor: None,
+            decorated: decorated.clone(),
+            pending_decorations_action: pending_decorations_action.clone(),
         });
         evlp.evq.borrow_mut().sync_roundtrip().unwrap();
 
@@ -189,6 +222,7 @@ impl Window {
             cursor_manager,
             fullscreen,
             cursor_grab_changed,
+            decorated,
         })
     }
 
@@ -221,9 +255,9 @@ impl Window {
     }
 
     pub fn inner_size(&self) -> PhysicalSize<u32> {
-        let dpi = self.scale_factor() as f64;
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor() as f64;
         let size = LogicalSize::<f64>::from(*self.size.lock().unwrap());
-        size.to_physical(dpi)
+        size.to_physical(scale_factor)
     }
 
     pub fn request_redraw(&self) {
@@ -232,38 +266,38 @@ impl Window {
 
     #[inline]
     pub fn outer_size(&self) -> PhysicalSize<u32> {
-        let dpi = self.scale_factor() as f64;
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor() as f64;
         let (w, h) = self.size.lock().unwrap().clone();
         // let (w, h) = super::wayland_window::add_borders(w as i32, h as i32);
         let size = LogicalSize::<f64>::from((w, h));
-        size.to_physical(dpi)
+        size.to_physical(scale_factor)
     }
 
     #[inline]
     // NOTE: This will only resize the borders, the contents must be updated by the user
     pub fn set_inner_size(&self, size: Size) {
-        let dpi = self.scale_factor() as f64;
-        let (w, h) = size.to_logical::<u32>(dpi).into();
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor() as f64;
+        let (w, h) = size.to_logical::<u32>(scale_factor).into();
         self.frame.lock().unwrap().resize(w, h);
         *(self.size.lock().unwrap()) = (w, h);
     }
 
     #[inline]
     pub fn set_min_inner_size(&self, dimensions: Option<Size>) {
-        let dpi = self.scale_factor() as f64;
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor() as f64;
         self.frame
             .lock()
             .unwrap()
-            .set_min_size(dimensions.map(|dim| dim.to_logical::<f64>(dpi).into()));
+            .set_min_size(dimensions.map(|dim| dim.to_logical::<f64>(scale_factor).into()));
     }
 
     #[inline]
     pub fn set_max_inner_size(&self, dimensions: Option<Size>) {
-        let dpi = self.scale_factor() as f64;
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor() as f64;
         self.frame
             .lock()
             .unwrap()
-            .set_max_size(dimensions.map(|dim| dim.to_logical::<f64>(dpi).into()));
+            .set_max_size(dimensions.map(|dim| dim.to_logical::<f64>(scale_factor).into()));
     }
 
     #[inline]
@@ -277,6 +311,7 @@ impl Window {
     }
 
     pub fn set_decorations(&self, decorate: bool) {
+        *(self.decorated.lock().unwrap()) = decorate;
         self.frame.lock().unwrap().set_decorate(decorate);
         *(self.need_frame_refresh.lock().unwrap()) = true;
     }
@@ -398,7 +433,7 @@ impl Drop for Window {
 struct InternalWindow {
     surface: wl_surface::WlSurface,
     // TODO: CONVERT TO LogicalSize<u32>s
-    newsize: Option<(u32, u32)>,
+    new_size: Option<(u32, u32)>,
     size: Arc<Mutex<(u32, u32)>>,
     need_refresh: Arc<Mutex<bool>>,
     fullscreen: Arc<Mutex<bool>>,
@@ -407,8 +442,10 @@ struct InternalWindow {
     closed: bool,
     kill_switch: Arc<Mutex<bool>>,
     frame: Weak<Mutex<SWindow<ConceptFrame>>>,
-    current_dpi: i32,
-    new_dpi: Option<i32>,
+    current_scale_factor: i32,
+    new_scale_factor: Option<i32>,
+    decorated: Arc<Mutex<bool>>,
+    pending_decorations_action: Arc<Mutex<Option<DecorationsAction>>>,
 }
 
 pub struct WindowStore {
@@ -416,15 +453,16 @@ pub struct WindowStore {
 }
 
 pub struct WindowStoreForEach<'a> {
-    pub newsize: Option<(u32, u32)>,
-    pub size: &'a mut (u32, u32),
-    pub prev_dpi: i32,
-    pub new_dpi: Option<i32>,
+    pub new_size: Option<(u32, u32)>,
+    pub size: &'a Mutex<(u32, u32)>,
+    pub prev_scale_factor: i32,
+    pub new_scale_factor: Option<i32>,
     pub closed: bool,
     pub grab_cursor: Option<bool>,
     pub surface: &'a wl_surface::WlSurface,
     pub wid: WindowId,
     pub frame: Option<&'a mut SWindow<ConceptFrame>>,
+    pub decorations_action: Option<DecorationsAction>,
 }
 
 impl WindowStore {
@@ -466,10 +504,11 @@ impl WindowStore {
         }
     }
 
-    fn dpi_change(&mut self, surface: &wl_surface::WlSurface, new: i32) {
+    fn scale_factor_change(&mut self, surface: &wl_surface::WlSurface, new: i32) {
         for window in &mut self.windows {
             if surface.as_ref().equals(&window.surface.as_ref()) {
-                window.new_dpi = Some(new);
+                window.new_scale_factor = Some(new);
+                *(window.need_refresh.lock().unwrap()) = true;
             }
         }
     }
@@ -479,22 +518,25 @@ impl WindowStore {
         F: FnMut(WindowStoreForEach<'_>),
     {
         for window in &mut self.windows {
+            let prev_scale_factor = window.current_scale_factor;
+            if let Some(scale_factor) = window.new_scale_factor {
+                window.current_scale_factor = scale_factor;
+            }
             let opt_arc = window.frame.upgrade();
             let mut opt_mutex_lock = opt_arc.as_ref().map(|m| m.lock().unwrap());
+            let decorations_action = { window.pending_decorations_action.lock().unwrap().take() };
             f(WindowStoreForEach {
-                newsize: window.newsize.take(),
-                size: &mut *(window.size.lock().unwrap()),
-                prev_dpi: window.current_dpi,
-                new_dpi: window.new_dpi,
+                new_size: window.new_size.take(),
+                size: &window.size,
+                prev_scale_factor,
+                new_scale_factor: window.new_scale_factor.take(),
                 closed: window.closed,
                 grab_cursor: window.cursor_grab_changed.lock().unwrap().take(),
                 surface: &window.surface,
                 wid: make_wid(&window.surface),
                 frame: opt_mutex_lock.as_mut().map(|m| &mut **m),
+                decorations_action,
             });
-            if let Some(dpi) = window.new_dpi.take() {
-                window.current_dpi = dpi;
-            }
             // avoid re-spamming the event
             window.closed = false;
         }

src/platform_impl/linux/x11/event_processor.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ use std::{cell::RefCell, collections::HashMap, rc::Rc, slice, sync::Arc};
 
 use libc::{c_char, c_int, c_long, c_uint, c_ulong};
 
+use parking_lot::MutexGuard;
+
 use super::{
     events, ffi, get_xtarget, mkdid, mkwid, monitor, util, Device, DeviceId, DeviceInfo, Dnd,
     DndState, GenericEventCookie, ImeReceiver, ScrollOrientation, UnownedWindow, WindowId,
@@ -30,6 +32,8 @@ pub(super) struct EventProcessor<T: 'static> {
     // Number of touch events currently in progress
     pub(super) num_touch: u32,
     pub(super) first_touch: Option<u64>,
+    // Currently focused window belonging to this process
+    pub(super) active_window: Option<ffi::Window>,
 }
 
 impl<T: 'static> EventProcessor<T> {
@@ -134,11 +138,12 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventProcessor<T> {
                         if let Some(modifiers) =
                             self.device_mod_state.update_state(&state, modifier)
                         {
-                            let device_id = mkdid(util::VIRTUAL_CORE_KEYBOARD);
-                            callback(Event::DeviceEvent {
-                                device_id,
-                                event: DeviceEvent::ModifiersChanged(modifiers),
-                            });
+                            if let Some(window_id) = self.active_window {
+                                callback(Event::WindowEvent {
+                                    window_id: mkwid(window_id),
+                                    event: WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged(modifiers),
+                                });
+                            }
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -384,9 +389,12 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventProcessor<T> {
                             .inner_pos_to_outer(new_inner_position.0, new_inner_position.1);
                         shared_state_lock.position = Some(outer);
                         if moved {
-                            callback(Event::WindowEvent {
-                                window_id,
-                                event: WindowEvent::Moved(outer.into()),
+                            // Temporarily unlock shared state to prevent deadlock
+                            MutexGuard::unlocked(&mut shared_state_lock, || {
+                                callback(Event::WindowEvent {
+                                    window_id,
+                                    event: WindowEvent::Moved(outer.into()),
+                                });
                             });
                         }
                         outer
@@ -426,12 +434,15 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventProcessor<T> {
                             let old_inner_size = PhysicalSize::new(width, height);
                             let mut new_inner_size = PhysicalSize::new(new_width, new_height);
 
-                            callback(Event::WindowEvent {
-                                window_id,
-                                event: WindowEvent::ScaleFactorChanged {
-                                    scale_factor: new_scale_factor,
-                                    new_inner_size: &mut new_inner_size,
-                                },
+                            // Temporarily unlock shared state to prevent deadlock
+                            MutexGuard::unlocked(&mut shared_state_lock, || {
+                                callback(Event::WindowEvent {
+                                    window_id,
+                                    event: WindowEvent::ScaleFactorChanged {
+                                        scale_factor: new_scale_factor,
+                                        new_inner_size: &mut new_inner_size,
+                                    },
+                                });
                             });
 
                             if new_inner_size != old_inner_size {
@@ -461,6 +472,9 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventProcessor<T> {
                     }
 
                     if resized {
+                        // Drop the shared state lock to prevent deadlock
+                        drop(shared_state_lock);
+
                         callback(Event::WindowEvent {
                             window_id,
                             event: WindowEvent::Resized(new_inner_size.into()),
@@ -712,8 +726,7 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventProcessor<T> {
                             util::maybe_change(&mut shared_state_lock.cursor_pos, new_cursor_pos)
                         });
                         if cursor_moved == Some(true) {
-                            let position =
-                                PhysicalPosition::new(xev.event_x as i32, xev.event_y as i32);
+                            let position = PhysicalPosition::new(xev.event_x, xev.event_y);
 
                             callback(Event::WindowEvent {
                                 window_id,
@@ -819,8 +832,7 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventProcessor<T> {
                                 event: CursorEntered { device_id },
                             });
 
-                            let position =
-                                PhysicalPosition::new(xev.event_x as i32, xev.event_y as i32);
+                            let position = PhysicalPosition::new(xev.event_x, xev.event_y);
 
                             // The mods field on this event isn't actually populated, so query the
                             // pointer device. In the future, we can likely remove this round-trip by
@@ -863,45 +875,58 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventProcessor<T> {
                     ffi::XI_FocusIn => {
                         let xev: &ffi::XIFocusInEvent = unsafe { &*(xev.data as *const _) };
 
-                        let window_id = mkwid(xev.event);
-
                         wt.ime
                             .borrow_mut()
                             .focus(xev.event)
                             .expect("Failed to focus input context");
 
-                        callback(Event::WindowEvent {
-                            window_id,
-                            event: Focused(true),
-                        });
-
                         let modifiers = ModifiersState::from_x11(&xev.mods);
 
-                        update_modifiers!(modifiers, None);
+                        self.device_mod_state.update_state(&modifiers, None);
 
-                        // The deviceid for this event is for a keyboard instead of a pointer,
-                        // so we have to do a little extra work.
-                        let pointer_id = self
-                            .devices
-                            .borrow()
-                            .get(&DeviceId(xev.deviceid))
-                            .map(|device| device.attachment)
-                            .unwrap_or(2);
+                        if self.active_window != Some(xev.event) {
+                            self.active_window = Some(xev.event);
 
-                        let position =
-                            PhysicalPosition::new(xev.event_x as i32, xev.event_y as i32);
+                            let window_id = mkwid(xev.event);
+                            let position = PhysicalPosition::new(xev.event_x, xev.event_y);
 
-                        callback(Event::WindowEvent {
-                            window_id,
-                            event: CursorMoved {
-                                device_id: mkdid(pointer_id),
-                                position,
-                                modifiers,
-                            },
-                        });
+                            callback(Event::WindowEvent {
+                                window_id,
+                                event: Focused(true),
+                            });
 
-                        // Issue key press events for all pressed keys
-                        self.handle_pressed_keys(window_id, ElementState::Pressed, &mut callback);
+                            if !modifiers.is_empty() {
+                                callback(Event::WindowEvent {
+                                    window_id,
+                                    event: WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged(modifiers),
+                                });
+                            }
+
+                            // The deviceid for this event is for a keyboard instead of a pointer,
+                            // so we have to do a little extra work.
+                            let pointer_id = self
+                                .devices
+                                .borrow()
+                                .get(&DeviceId(xev.deviceid))
+                                .map(|device| device.attachment)
+                                .unwrap_or(2);
+
+                            callback(Event::WindowEvent {
+                                window_id,
+                                event: CursorMoved {
+                                    device_id: mkdid(pointer_id),
+                                    position,
+                                    modifiers,
+                                },
+                            });
+
+                            // Issue key press events for all pressed keys
+                            self.handle_pressed_keys(
+                                window_id,
+                                ElementState::Pressed,
+                                &mut callback,
+                            );
+                        }
                     }
                     ffi::XI_FocusOut => {
                         let xev: &ffi::XIFocusOutEvent = unsafe { &*(xev.data as *const _) };
@@ -913,15 +938,26 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventProcessor<T> {
                             .unfocus(xev.event)
                             .expect("Failed to unfocus input context");
 
-                        let window_id = mkwid(xev.event);
+                        if self.active_window.take() == Some(xev.event) {
+                            let window_id = mkwid(xev.event);
 
-                        // Issue key release events for all pressed keys
-                        self.handle_pressed_keys(window_id, ElementState::Released, &mut callback);
+                            // Issue key release events for all pressed keys
+                            self.handle_pressed_keys(
+                                window_id,
+                                ElementState::Released,
+                                &mut callback,
+                            );
 
-                        callback(Event::WindowEvent {
-                            window_id,
-                            event: Focused(false),
-                        })
+                            callback(Event::WindowEvent {
+                                window_id,
+                                event: WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged(ModifiersState::empty()),
+                            });
+
+                            callback(Event::WindowEvent {
+                                window_id,
+                                event: Focused(false),
+                            })
+                        }
                     }
 
                     ffi::XI_TouchBegin | ffi::XI_TouchUpdate | ffi::XI_TouchEnd => {
@@ -1076,10 +1112,12 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventProcessor<T> {
                             let new_modifiers = self.device_mod_state.modifiers();
 
                             if modifiers != new_modifiers {
-                                callback(Event::DeviceEvent {
-                                    device_id,
-                                    event: DeviceEvent::ModifiersChanged(new_modifiers),
-                                });
+                                if let Some(window_id) = self.active_window {
+                                    callback(Event::WindowEvent {
+                                        window_id: mkwid(window_id),
+                                        event: WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged(new_modifiers),
+                                    });
+                                }
                             }
                         }
                     }

src/platform_impl/linux/x11/ime/input_method.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ unsafe fn open_im(xconn: &Arc<XConnection>, locale_modifiers: &CStr) -> Option<f
     // XSetLocaleModifiers returns...
     // * The current locale modifiers if it's given a NULL pointer.
     // * The new locale modifiers if we succeeded in setting them.
-    // * NULL if the locale modifiers string is malformed.
+    // * NULL if the locale modifiers string is malformed or if the
+    //   current locale is not supported by Xlib.
     (xconn.xlib.XSetLocaleModifiers)(locale_modifiers.as_ptr());
 
     let im = (xconn.xlib.XOpenIM)(

src/platform_impl/linux/x11/mod.rs

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ use std::{
     mem::{self, MaybeUninit},
     ops::Deref,
     os::raw::*,
+    ptr,
     rc::Rc,
     slice,
     sync::{mpsc, Arc, Mutex, Weak},
@@ -105,7 +106,25 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventLoop<T> {
         // Input methods will open successfully without setting the locale, but it won't be
         // possible to actually commit pre-edit sequences.
         unsafe {
+            // Remember default locale to restore it if target locale is unsupported
+            // by Xlib
+            let default_locale = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, ptr::null());
             setlocale(LC_CTYPE, b"\0".as_ptr() as *const _);
+
+            // Check if set locale is supported by Xlib.
+            // If not, calls to some Xlib functions like `XSetLocaleModifiers`
+            // will fail.
+            let locale_supported = (xconn.xlib.XSupportsLocale)() == 1;
+            if !locale_supported {
+                let unsupported_locale = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, ptr::null());
+                warn!(
+                    "Unsupported locale \"{}\". Restoring default locale \"{}\".",
+                    CStr::from_ptr(unsupported_locale).to_string_lossy(),
+                    CStr::from_ptr(default_locale).to_string_lossy()
+                );
+                // Restore default locale
+                setlocale(LC_CTYPE, default_locale);
+            }
         }
         let ime = RefCell::new({
             let result = Ime::new(Arc::clone(&xconn));
@@ -206,6 +225,7 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventLoop<T> {
             device_mod_state: Default::default(),
             num_touch: 0,
             first_touch: None,
+            active_window: None,
         };
 
         // Register for device hotplug events
@@ -248,14 +268,16 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventLoop<T> {
     {
         let mut control_flow = ControlFlow::default();
         let mut events = Events::with_capacity(8);
-
-        callback(
-            crate::event::Event::NewEvents(crate::event::StartCause::Init),
-            &self.target,
-            &mut control_flow,
-        );
+        let mut cause = StartCause::Init;
 
         loop {
+            sticky_exit_callback(
+                crate::event::Event::NewEvents(cause),
+                &self.target,
+                &mut control_flow,
+                &mut callback,
+            );
+
             // Process all pending events
             self.drain_events(&mut callback, &mut control_flow);
 
@@ -306,7 +328,7 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventLoop<T> {
             }
 
             let start = Instant::now();
-            let (mut cause, deadline, timeout);
+            let (deadline, timeout);
 
             match control_flow {
                 ControlFlow::Exit => break,
@@ -337,38 +359,20 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventLoop<T> {
                 }
             }
 
-            if self.event_processor.poll() {
-                // If the XConnection already contains buffered events, we don't
-                // need to wait for data on the socket.
-                // However, we still need to check for user events.
-                self.poll
-                    .poll(&mut events, Some(Duration::from_millis(0)))
-                    .unwrap();
-                events.clear();
-
-                callback(
-                    crate::event::Event::NewEvents(cause),
-                    &self.target,
-                    &mut control_flow,
-                );
-            } else {
+            // If the XConnection already contains buffered events, we don't
+            // need to wait for data on the socket.
+            if !self.event_processor.poll() {
                 self.poll.poll(&mut events, timeout).unwrap();
                 events.clear();
+            }
 
-                let wait_cancelled = deadline.map_or(false, |deadline| Instant::now() < deadline);
+            let wait_cancelled = deadline.map_or(false, |deadline| Instant::now() < deadline);
 
-                if wait_cancelled {
-                    cause = StartCause::WaitCancelled {
-                        start,
-                        requested_resume: deadline,
-                    };
-                }
-
-                callback(
-                    crate::event::Event::NewEvents(cause),
-                    &self.target,
-                    &mut control_flow,
-                );
+            if wait_cancelled {
+                cause = StartCause::WaitCancelled {
+                    start,
+                    requested_resume: deadline,
+                };
             }
         }
 
@@ -395,7 +399,6 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventLoop<T> {
         let mut xev = MaybeUninit::uninit();
 
         let wt = get_xtarget(&self.target);
-        let mut pending_redraws = wt.pending_redraws.lock().unwrap();
 
         while unsafe { self.event_processor.poll_one_event(xev.as_mut_ptr()) } {
             let mut xev = unsafe { xev.assume_init() };
@@ -409,7 +412,7 @@ impl<T: 'static> EventLoop<T> {
                             super::WindowId::X(wid),
                         )) = event
                         {
-                            pending_redraws.insert(wid);
+                            wt.pending_redraws.lock().unwrap().insert(wid);
                         } else {
                             callback(event, window_target, control_flow);
                         }
@@ -490,21 +493,9 @@ impl<'a> Deref for DeviceInfo<'a> {
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
 pub struct WindowId(ffi::Window);
 
-impl WindowId {
-    pub unsafe fn dummy() -> Self {
-        WindowId(0)
-    }
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
 pub struct DeviceId(c_int);
 
-impl DeviceId {
-    pub unsafe fn dummy() -> Self {
-        DeviceId(0)
-    }
-}
-
 pub struct Window(Arc<UnownedWindow>);
 
 impl Deref for Window {

src/platform_impl/linux/x11/util/client_msg.rs

@@ -43,62 +43,4 @@ impl XConnection {
         };
         self.send_event(target_window, event_mask, event)
     }
-
-    // Prepare yourself for the ultimate in unsafety!
-    // You should favor `send_client_msg` whenever possible, but some protocols (i.e. startup notification) require you
-    // to send more than one message worth of data.
-    pub fn send_client_msg_multi<T: Formattable>(
-        &self,
-        window: c_ulong, // The window this is "about"; not necessarily this window
-        target_window: c_ulong, // The window we're sending to
-        message_type: ffi::Atom,
-        event_mask: Option<c_long>,
-        data: &[T],
-    ) -> Flusher<'_> {
-        let format = T::FORMAT;
-        let size_of_t = mem::size_of::<T>();
-        debug_assert_eq!(size_of_t, format.get_actual_size());
-        let mut event = ffi::XClientMessageEvent {
-            type_: ffi::ClientMessage,
-            display: self.display,
-            window,
-            message_type,
-            format: format as c_int,
-            data: ffi::ClientMessageData::new(),
-            // These fields are ignored by `XSendEvent`
-            serial: 0,
-            send_event: 0,
-        };
-
-        let t_per_payload = format.get_payload_size() / size_of_t;
-        assert!(t_per_payload > 0);
-        let payload_count = data.len() / t_per_payload;
-        let payload_remainder = data.len() % t_per_payload;
-        let payload_ptr = data.as_ptr() as *const ClientMsgPayload;
-
-        let mut payload_index = 0;
-        while payload_index < payload_count {
-            let payload = unsafe { payload_ptr.offset(payload_index as isize) };
-            payload_index += 1;
-            event.data = unsafe { mem::transmute(*payload) };
-            self.send_event(target_window, event_mask, &event).queue();
-        }
-
-        if payload_remainder > 0 {
-            let mut payload: ClientMsgPayload = [0; 5];
-            let t_payload = payload.as_mut_ptr() as *mut T;
-            let invalid_payload = unsafe { payload_ptr.offset(payload_index as isize) };
-            let invalid_t_payload = invalid_payload as *const T;
-            let mut t_index = 0;
-            while t_index < payload_remainder {
-                let valid_t = unsafe { invalid_t_payload.offset(t_index as isize) };
-                unsafe { (*t_payload.offset(t_index as isize)) = (*valid_t).clone() };
-                t_index += 1;
-            }
-            event.data = unsafe { mem::transmute(payload) };
-            self.send_event(target_window, event_mask, &event).queue();
-        }
-
-        Flusher::new(self)
-    }
 }

src/platform_impl/linux/x11/util/format.rs

@@ -21,10 +21,6 @@ impl Format {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn is_same_size_as<T>(&self) -> bool {
-        mem::size_of::<T>() == self.get_actual_size()
-    }
-
     pub fn get_actual_size(&self) -> usize {
         match self {
             &Format::Char => mem::size_of::<c_char>(),
@@ -32,15 +28,6 @@ impl Format {
             &Format::Long => mem::size_of::<c_long>(),
         }
     }
-
-    pub fn get_payload_size(&self) -> usize {
-        match self {
-            // Due to the wonders of X11, half the space goes unused if you're not using longs (on 64-bit).
-            &Format::Char => mem::size_of::<c_char>() * 20,
-            &Format::Short => mem::size_of::<c_short>() * 10,
-            &Format::Long => mem::size_of::<c_long>() * 5,
-        }
-    }
 }
 
 pub trait Formattable: Debug + Clone + Copy + PartialEq + PartialOrd {

src/platform_impl/linux/x11/util/geometry.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use std::cmp;
 
 use super::*;
-use crate::dpi::{LogicalPosition, LogicalSize};
 
 // Friendly neighborhood axis-aligned rectangle
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -89,16 +88,6 @@ impl FrameExtents {
     pub fn from_border(border: c_ulong) -> Self {
         Self::new(border, border, border, border)
     }
-
-    pub fn as_logical(&self, factor: f64) -> LogicalFrameExtents {
-        let logicalize = |value: c_ulong| value as f64 / factor;
-        LogicalFrameExtents {
-            left: logicalize(self.left),
-            right: logicalize(self.right),
-            top: logicalize(self.top),
-            bottom: logicalize(self.bottom),
-        }
-    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
@@ -135,20 +124,6 @@ impl FrameExtentsHeuristic {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn inner_pos_to_outer_logical(
-        &self,
-        mut logical: LogicalPosition<f64>,
-        factor: f64,
-    ) -> LogicalPosition<f64> {
-        use self::FrameExtentsHeuristicPath::*;
-        if self.heuristic_path != UnsupportedBordered {
-            let frame_extents = self.frame_extents.as_logical(factor);
-            logical.x -= frame_extents.left;
-            logical.y -= frame_extents.top;
-        }
-        logical
-    }
-
     pub fn inner_size_to_outer(&self, width: u32, height: u32) -> (u32, u32) {
         (
             width.saturating_add(
@@ -163,17 +138,6 @@ impl FrameExtentsHeuristic {
             ),
         )
     }
-
-    pub fn inner_size_to_outer_logical(
-        &self,
-        mut logical: LogicalSize<f64>,
-        factor: f64,
-    ) -> LogicalSize<f64> {
-        let frame_extents = self.frame_extents.as_logical(factor);
-        logical.width += frame_extents.left + frame_extents.right;
-        logical.height += frame_extents.top + frame_extents.bottom;
-        logical
-    }
 }
 
 impl XConnection {

src/platform_impl/linux/x11/util/hint.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use super::*;
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
+#[allow(dead_code)]
 pub enum StateOperation {
     Remove = 0, // _NET_WM_STATE_REMOVE
     Add = 1,    // _NET_WM_STATE_ADD
@@ -189,22 +190,6 @@ impl<'a> NormalHints<'a> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn has_flag(&self, flag: c_long) -> bool {
-        has_flag(self.size_hints.flags, flag)
-    }
-
-    fn getter(&self, flag: c_long, field1: &c_int, field2: &c_int) -> Option<(u32, u32)> {
-        if self.has_flag(flag) {
-            Some((*field1 as _, *field2 as _))
-        } else {
-            None
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn get_size(&self) -> Option<(u32, u32)> {
-        self.getter(ffi::PSize, &self.size_hints.width, &self.size_hints.height)
-    }
-
     // WARNING: This hint is obsolete
     pub fn set_size(&mut self, size: Option<(u32, u32)>) {
         if let Some((width, height)) = size {
@@ -216,14 +201,6 @@ impl<'a> NormalHints<'a> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn get_max_size(&self) -> Option<(u32, u32)> {
-        self.getter(
-            ffi::PMaxSize,
-            &self.size_hints.max_width,
-            &self.size_hints.max_height,
-        )
-    }
-
     pub fn set_max_size(&mut self, max_size: Option<(u32, u32)>) {
         if let Some((max_width, max_height)) = max_size {
             self.size_hints.flags |= ffi::PMaxSize;
@@ -234,14 +211,6 @@ impl<'a> NormalHints<'a> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn get_min_size(&self) -> Option<(u32, u32)> {
-        self.getter(
-            ffi::PMinSize,
-            &self.size_hints.min_width,
-            &self.size_hints.min_height,
-        )
-    }
-
     pub fn set_min_size(&mut self, min_size: Option<(u32, u32)>) {
         if let Some((min_width, min_height)) = min_size {
             self.size_hints.flags |= ffi::PMinSize;
@@ -252,14 +221,6 @@ impl<'a> NormalHints<'a> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn get_resize_increments(&self) -> Option<(u32, u32)> {
-        self.getter(
-            ffi::PResizeInc,
-            &self.size_hints.width_inc,
-            &self.size_hints.height_inc,
-        )
-    }
-
     pub fn set_resize_increments(&mut self, resize_increments: Option<(u32, u32)>) {
         if let Some((width_inc, height_inc)) = resize_increments {
             self.size_hints.flags |= ffi::PResizeInc;
@@ -270,14 +231,6 @@ impl<'a> NormalHints<'a> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn get_base_size(&self) -> Option<(u32, u32)> {
-        self.getter(
-            ffi::PBaseSize,
-            &self.size_hints.base_width,
-            &self.size_hints.base_height,
-        )
-    }
-
     pub fn set_base_size(&mut self, base_size: Option<(u32, u32)>) {
         if let Some((base_width, base_height)) = base_size {
             self.size_hints.flags |= ffi::PBaseSize;

src/platform_impl/linux/x11/util/icon.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use super::*;
-use crate::window::{Icon, Pixel, PIXEL_SIZE};
+use crate::icon::{Icon, Pixel, PIXEL_SIZE};
 
 impl Pixel {
     pub fn to_packed_argb(&self) -> Cardinal {
@@ -18,13 +18,14 @@ impl Pixel {
 
 impl Icon {
     pub(crate) fn to_cardinals(&self) -> Vec<Cardinal> {
-        assert_eq!(self.rgba.len() % PIXEL_SIZE, 0);
-        let pixel_count = self.rgba.len() / PIXEL_SIZE;
-        assert_eq!(pixel_count, (self.width * self.height) as usize);
+        let rgba_icon = &self.inner;
+        assert_eq!(rgba_icon.rgba.len() % PIXEL_SIZE, 0);
+        let pixel_count = rgba_icon.rgba.len() / PIXEL_SIZE;
+        assert_eq!(pixel_count, (rgba_icon.width * rgba_icon.height) as usize);
         let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(pixel_count);
-        data.push(self.width as Cardinal);
-        data.push(self.height as Cardinal);
-        let pixels = self.rgba.as_ptr() as *const Pixel;
+        data.push(rgba_icon.width as Cardinal);
+        data.push(rgba_icon.height as Cardinal);
+        let pixels = rgba_icon.rgba.as_ptr() as *const Pixel;
         for pixel_index in 0..pixel_count {
             let pixel = unsafe { &*pixels.offset(pixel_index as isize) };
             data.push(pixel.to_packed_argb());

src/platform_impl/linux/x11/util/mod.rs

@@ -23,18 +23,12 @@ pub use self::{
 
 use std::{
     mem::{self, MaybeUninit},
-    ops::BitAnd,
     os::raw::*,
     ptr,
 };
 
 use super::{ffi, XConnection, XError};
 
-pub fn reinterpret<'a, A, B>(a: &'a A) -> &'a B {
-    let b_ptr = a as *const _ as *const B;
-    unsafe { &*b_ptr }
-}
-
 pub fn maybe_change<T: PartialEq>(field: &mut Option<T>, value: T) -> bool {
     let wrapped = Some(value);
     if *field != wrapped {
@@ -45,13 +39,6 @@ pub fn maybe_change<T: PartialEq>(field: &mut Option<T>, value: T) -> bool {
     }
 }
 
-pub fn has_flag<T>(bitset: T, flag: T) -> bool
-where
-    T: Copy + PartialEq + BitAnd<T, Output = T>,
-{
-    bitset & flag == flag
-}
-
 #[must_use = "This request was made asynchronously, and is still in the output buffer. You must explicitly choose to either `.flush()` (empty the output buffer, sending the request now) or `.queue()` (wait to send the request, allowing you to continue to add more requests without additional round-trips). For more information, see the documentation for `util::flush_requests`."]
 pub struct Flusher<'a> {
     xconn: &'a XConnection,

src/platform_impl/linux/x11/util/window_property.rs

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ impl GetPropertyError {
 const PROPERTY_BUFFER_SIZE: c_long = 1024; // 4k of RAM ought to be enough for anyone!
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
+#[allow(dead_code)]
 pub enum PropMode {
     Replace = ffi::PropModeReplace as isize,
     Prepend = ffi::PropModePrepend as isize,

src/platform_impl/linux/x11/window.rs

@@ -136,23 +136,23 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
                 })
                 .unwrap_or_else(|| monitors.swap_remove(0))
         };
-        let dpi_factor = guessed_monitor.scale_factor();
+        let scale_factor = guessed_monitor.scale_factor();
 
-        info!("Guessed window scale factor: {}", dpi_factor);
+        info!("Guessed window scale factor: {}", scale_factor);
 
         let max_inner_size: Option<(u32, u32)> = window_attrs
             .max_inner_size
-            .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(dpi_factor).into());
+            .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(scale_factor).into());
         let min_inner_size: Option<(u32, u32)> = window_attrs
             .min_inner_size
-            .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(dpi_factor).into());
+            .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(scale_factor).into());
 
         let dimensions = {
             // x11 only applies constraints when the window is actively resized
             // by the user, so we have to manually apply the initial constraints
             let mut dimensions: (u32, u32) = window_attrs
                 .inner_size
-                .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(dpi_factor))
+                .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(scale_factor))
                 .or_else(|| Some((800, 600).into()))
                 .map(Into::into)
                 .unwrap();
@@ -324,10 +324,10 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
             {
                 let mut min_inner_size = window_attrs
                     .min_inner_size
-                    .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(dpi_factor));
+                    .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(scale_factor));
                 let mut max_inner_size = window_attrs
                     .max_inner_size
-                    .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(dpi_factor));
+                    .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(scale_factor));
 
                 if !window_attrs.resizable {
                     if util::wm_name_is_one_of(&["Xfwm4"]) {
@@ -351,12 +351,12 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
                 normal_hints.set_resize_increments(
                     pl_attribs
                         .resize_increments
-                        .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(dpi_factor).into()),
+                        .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(scale_factor).into()),
                 );
                 normal_hints.set_base_size(
                     pl_attribs
                         .base_size
-                        .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(dpi_factor).into()),
+                        .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(scale_factor).into()),
                 );
                 xconn.set_normal_hints(window.xwindow, normal_hints).queue();
             }
@@ -1053,8 +1053,8 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
 
     #[inline]
     pub fn set_inner_size(&self, size: Size) {
-        let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-        let (width, height) = size.to_physical::<u32>(dpi_factor).into();
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+        let (width, height) = size.to_physical::<u32>(scale_factor).into();
         self.set_inner_size_physical(width, height);
     }
 
@@ -1097,16 +1097,16 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
 
     pub(crate) fn adjust_for_dpi(
         &self,
-        old_dpi_factor: f64,
-        new_dpi_factor: f64,
+        old_scale_factor: f64,
+        new_scale_factor: f64,
         width: u32,
         height: u32,
         shared_state: &SharedState,
     ) -> (u32, u32) {
-        let scale_factor = new_dpi_factor / old_dpi_factor;
+        let scale_factor = new_scale_factor / old_scale_factor;
         self.update_normal_hints(|normal_hints| {
             let dpi_adjuster =
-                |size: Size| -> (u32, u32) { size.to_physical::<u32>(new_dpi_factor).into() };
+                |size: Size| -> (u32, u32) { size.to_physical::<u32>(new_scale_factor).into() };
             let max_size = shared_state.max_inner_size.map(&dpi_adjuster);
             let min_size = shared_state.min_inner_size.map(&dpi_adjuster);
             let resize_increments = shared_state.resize_increments.map(&dpi_adjuster);
@@ -1146,12 +1146,12 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
 
         self.set_maximizable_inner(resizable).queue();
 
-        let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
         let min_inner_size = min_size
-            .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(dpi_factor))
+            .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(scale_factor))
             .map(Into::into);
         let max_inner_size = max_size
-            .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(dpi_factor))
+            .map(|size| size.to_physical::<u32>(scale_factor))
             .map(Into::into);
         self.update_normal_hints(|normal_hints| {
             normal_hints.set_min_size(min_inner_size);

src/platform_impl/linux/x11/xdisplay.rs

@@ -111,12 +111,7 @@ pub struct XError {
     pub minor_code: u8,
 }
 
-impl Error for XError {
-    #[inline]
-    fn description(&self) -> &str {
-        &self.description
-    }
-}
+impl Error for XError {}
 
 impl fmt::Display for XError {
     fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), fmt::Error> {
@@ -144,17 +139,18 @@ impl From<ffi::OpenError> for XNotSupported {
     }
 }
 
-impl Error for XNotSupported {
-    #[inline]
-    fn description(&self) -> &str {
-        match *self {
+impl XNotSupported {
+    fn description(&self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
             XNotSupported::LibraryOpenError(_) => "Failed to load one of xlib's shared libraries",
             XNotSupported::XOpenDisplayFailed => "Failed to open connection to X server",
         }
     }
+}
 
+impl Error for XNotSupported {
     #[inline]
-    fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error> {
+    fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)> {
         match *self {
             XNotSupported::LibraryOpenError(ref err) => Some(err),
             _ => None,

src/platform_impl/macos/activation_hack.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+// Normally when you run or distribute a macOS app, it's bundled: it's in one
+// of those fun little folders that you have to right click "Show Package
+// Contents" on, and usually contains myriad delights including, but not
+// limited to, plists, icons, and of course, your beloved executable. However,
+// when you use `cargo run`, your app is unbundled - it's just a lonely, bare
+// executable.
+//
+// Apple isn't especially fond of unbundled apps, which is to say, they seem to
+// barely be supported. If you move the mouse while opening a winit window from
+// an unbundled app, the window will fail to activate and be in a grayed-out
+// uninteractable state. Switching to another app and back is the only way to
+// get the winit window into a normal state. None of this happens if the app is
+// bundled, i.e. when running via Xcode.
+//
+// To workaround this, we just switch focus to the Dock and then switch back to
+// our app. We only do this for unbundled apps, and only when they fail to
+// become active on their own.
+//
+// This solution was derived from this Godot PR:
+// https://github.com/godotengine/godot/pull/17187
+// (which appears to be based on https://stackoverflow.com/a/7602677)
+// The curious specialness of mouse motions is touched upon here:
+// https://github.com/godotengine/godot/issues/8653#issuecomment-358130512
+//
+// We omit the 2nd step of the solution used in Godot, since it appears to have
+// no effect - I speculate that it's just technical debt picked up from the SO
+// answer; the API used is fairly exotic, and was historically used for very
+// old versions of macOS that didn't support `activateIgnoringOtherApps`, i.e.
+// in previous versions of SDL:
+// https://hg.libsdl.org/SDL/file/c0bcc39a3491/src/video/cocoa/SDL_cocoaevents.m#l322
+//
+// The `performSelector` delays in the Godot solution are used for sequencing,
+// since refocusing the app will fail if the call is made before it finishes
+// unfocusing. The delays used there are much smaller than the ones in the
+// original SO answer, presumably because they found the fastest delay that
+// works reliably through trial and error. Instead of using delays, we just
+// handle `applicationDidResignActive`; despite the app not activating reliably,
+// that still triggers when we switch focus to the Dock.
+//
+// The Godot solution doesn't appear to skip the hack when an unbundled app
+// activates normally. Checking for this is difficult, since if you call
+// `isActive` too early, it will always be `NO`. Even though we receive
+// `applicationDidResignActive` when switching focus to the Dock, we never
+// receive a preceding `applicationDidBecomeActive` if the app fails to
+// activate normally. I wasn't able to find a proper point in time to perform
+// the `isActive` check, so we instead check for the cause of the quirk: if
+// any mouse motion occurs prior to us receiving `applicationDidResignActive`,
+// we assume the app failed to become active.
+//
+// Fun fact: this issue is still present in GLFW
+// (https://github.com/glfw/glfw/issues/1515)
+//
+// A similar issue was found in SDL, but the resolution doesn't seem to work
+// for us: https://bugzilla.libsdl.org/show_bug.cgi?id=3051
+
+use super::util;
+use cocoa::{
+    appkit::{NSApp, NSApplicationActivateIgnoringOtherApps},
+    base::id,
+    foundation::NSUInteger,
+};
+use objc::runtime::{Object, Sel, BOOL, NO, YES};
+use std::{
+    os::raw::c_void,
+    sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
+};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+pub struct State {
+    // Indicates that the hack has either completed or been skipped.
+    activated: AtomicBool,
+    // Indicates that the mouse has moved at some point in time.
+    mouse_moved: AtomicBool,
+    // Indicates that the hack is in progress, and that we should refocus when
+    // the app resigns active.
+    needs_refocus: AtomicBool,
+}
+
+impl State {
+    pub fn name() -> &'static str {
+        "activationHackState"
+    }
+
+    pub fn new() -> *mut c_void {
+        let this = Box::new(Self::default());
+        Box::into_raw(this) as *mut c_void
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn free(this: *mut Self) {
+        Box::from_raw(this);
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn get_ptr(obj: &Object) -> *mut Self {
+        let this: *mut c_void = *(*obj).get_ivar(Self::name());
+        assert!(!this.is_null(), "`activationHackState` pointer was null");
+        this as *mut Self
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn set_activated(obj: &Object, value: bool) {
+        let this = Self::get_ptr(obj);
+        (*this).activated.store(value, Ordering::Release);
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn get_activated(obj: &Object) -> bool {
+        let this = Self::get_ptr(obj);
+        (*this).activated.load(Ordering::Acquire)
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn set_mouse_moved(obj: &Object, value: bool) {
+        let this = Self::get_ptr(obj);
+        (*this).mouse_moved.store(value, Ordering::Release);
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn get_mouse_moved(obj: &Object) -> bool {
+        let this = Self::get_ptr(obj);
+        (*this).mouse_moved.load(Ordering::Acquire)
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn set_needs_refocus(obj: &Object, value: bool) {
+        let this = Self::get_ptr(obj);
+        (*this).needs_refocus.store(value, Ordering::Release);
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn get_needs_refocus(obj: &Object) -> bool {
+        let this = Self::get_ptr(obj);
+        (*this).needs_refocus.load(Ordering::Acquire)
+    }
+}
+
+// This is the entry point for the hack - if the app is unbundled and a mouse
+// movement occurs before the app activates, it will trigger the hack. Because
+// mouse movements prior to activation are the cause of this quirk, they should
+// be a reliable way to determine if the hack needs to be performed.
+pub extern "C" fn mouse_moved(this: &Object, _: Sel, _: id) {
+    trace!("Triggered `activationHackMouseMoved`");
+    unsafe {
+        if !State::get_activated(this) {
+            // We check if `CFBundleName` is undefined to determine if the
+            // app is unbundled.
+            if let None = util::app_name() {
+                info!("App detected as unbundled");
+                unfocus(this);
+            } else {
+                info!("App detected as bundled");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    trace!("Completed `activationHackMouseMoved`");
+}
+
+// Switch focus to the dock.
+unsafe fn unfocus(this: &Object) {
+    // We only perform the hack if the app failed to activate, since otherwise,
+    // there'd be a gross (but fast) flicker as it unfocused and then refocused.
+    // However, we only enter this function if we detect mouse movement prior
+    // to activation, so this should always be `NO`.
+    //
+    // Note that this check isn't necessarily reliable in detecting a violation
+    // of the invariant above, since it's not guaranteed that activation will
+    // resolve before this point. In other words, it can spuriously return `NO`.
+    // This is also why the mouse motion approach was chosen, since it's not
+    // obvious how to sequence this check - if someone knows how to, then that
+    // would almost surely be a cleaner approach.
+    let active: BOOL = msg_send![NSApp(), isActive];
+    if active == YES {
+        error!("Unbundled app activation hack triggered on an app that's already active; this shouldn't happen!");
+    } else {
+        info!("Performing unbundled app activation hack");
+        let dock_bundle_id = util::ns_string_id_ref("com.apple.dock");
+        let dock_array: id = msg_send![
+            class!(NSRunningApplication),
+            runningApplicationsWithBundleIdentifier: *dock_bundle_id
+        ];
+        let dock_array_len: NSUInteger = msg_send![dock_array, count];
+        if dock_array_len == 0 {
+            error!("The Dock doesn't seem to be running, so switching focus to it is impossible");
+        } else {
+            State::set_needs_refocus(this, true);
+            let dock: id = msg_send![dock_array, objectAtIndex: 0];
+            // This will trigger `applicationDidResignActive`, which will in
+            // turn call `refocus`.
+            let status: BOOL = msg_send![
+                dock,
+                activateWithOptions: NSApplicationActivateIgnoringOtherApps
+            ];
+            if status == NO {
+                error!("Failed to switch focus to Dock");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Switch focus back to our app, causing the user to rejoice!
+pub unsafe fn refocus(this: &Object) {
+    if State::get_needs_refocus(this) {
+        State::set_needs_refocus(this, false);
+        let app: id = msg_send![class!(NSRunningApplication), currentApplication];
+        // Simply calling `NSApp activateIgnoringOtherApps` doesn't work. The
+        // nuanced difference isn't clear to me, but hey, I tried.
+        let success: BOOL = msg_send![
+            app,
+            activateWithOptions: NSApplicationActivateIgnoringOtherApps
+        ];
+        if success == NO {
+            error!("Failed to refocus app");
+        }
+    }
+}

src/platform_impl/macos/app.rs

@@ -2,17 +2,15 @@ use std::collections::VecDeque;
 
 use cocoa::{
     appkit::{self, NSEvent},
-    base::id,
+    base::{id, nil},
 };
 use objc::{
     declare::ClassDecl,
     runtime::{Class, Object, Sel},
 };
 
-use crate::{
-    event::{DeviceEvent, ElementState, Event},
-    platform_impl::platform::{app_state::AppState, event::EventWrapper, util, DEVICE_ID},
-};
+use super::{activation_hack, app_state::AppState, event::EventWrapper, util, DEVICE_ID};
+use crate::event::{DeviceEvent, ElementState, Event};
 
 pub struct AppClass(pub *const Class);
 unsafe impl Send for AppClass {}
@@ -51,14 +49,14 @@ extern "C" fn send_event(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
             let key_window: id = msg_send![this, keyWindow];
             let _: () = msg_send![key_window, sendEvent: event];
         } else {
-            maybe_dispatch_device_event(event);
+            maybe_dispatch_device_event(this, event);
             let superclass = util::superclass(this);
             let _: () = msg_send![super(this, superclass), sendEvent: event];
         }
     }
 }
 
-unsafe fn maybe_dispatch_device_event(event: id) {
+unsafe fn maybe_dispatch_device_event(this: &Object, event: id) {
     let event_type = event.eventType();
     match event_type {
         appkit::NSMouseMoved
@@ -100,6 +98,21 @@ unsafe fn maybe_dispatch_device_event(event: id) {
             }
 
             AppState::queue_events(events);
+
+            // Notify the delegate when the first mouse move occurs. This is
+            // used for the unbundled app activation hack, which needs to know
+            // if any mouse motions occurred prior to the app activating.
+            let delegate: id = msg_send![this, delegate];
+            assert_ne!(delegate, nil);
+            if !activation_hack::State::get_mouse_moved(&*delegate) {
+                activation_hack::State::set_mouse_moved(&*delegate, true);
+                let () = msg_send![
+                    delegate,
+                    performSelector: sel!(activationHackMouseMoved:)
+                    withObject: nil
+                    afterDelay: 0.0
+                ];
+            }
         }
         appkit::NSLeftMouseDown | appkit::NSRightMouseDown | appkit::NSOtherMouseDown => {
             let mut events = VecDeque::with_capacity(1);

src/platform_impl/macos/app_delegate.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
+use super::{activation_hack, app_state::AppState};
 use cocoa::base::id;
 use objc::{
     declare::ClassDecl,
-    runtime::{Class, Object, Sel, BOOL, YES},
+    runtime::{Class, Object, Sel},
 };
-
-use crate::platform_impl::platform::app_state::AppState;
+use std::os::raw::c_void;
 
 pub struct AppDelegateClass(pub *const Class);
 unsafe impl Send for AppDelegateClass {}
@@ -15,90 +15,67 @@ lazy_static! {
         let superclass = class!(NSResponder);
         let mut decl = ClassDecl::new("WinitAppDelegate", superclass).unwrap();
 
+        decl.add_class_method(sel!(new), new as extern "C" fn(&Class, Sel) -> id);
+        decl.add_method(sel!(dealloc), dealloc as extern "C" fn(&Object, Sel));
         decl.add_method(
             sel!(applicationDidFinishLaunching:),
-            did_finish_launching as extern "C" fn(&Object, Sel, id) -> BOOL,
+            did_finish_launching as extern "C" fn(&Object, Sel, id),
         );
         decl.add_method(
             sel!(applicationDidBecomeActive:),
             did_become_active as extern "C" fn(&Object, Sel, id),
         );
         decl.add_method(
-            sel!(applicationWillResignActive:),
-            will_resign_active as extern "C" fn(&Object, Sel, id),
+            sel!(applicationDidResignActive:),
+            did_resign_active as extern "C" fn(&Object, Sel, id),
         );
+
+        decl.add_ivar::<*mut c_void>(activation_hack::State::name());
         decl.add_method(
-            sel!(applicationWillEnterForeground:),
-            will_enter_foreground as extern "C" fn(&Object, Sel, id),
-        );
-        decl.add_method(
-            sel!(applicationDidEnterBackground:),
-            did_enter_background as extern "C" fn(&Object, Sel, id),
-        );
-        decl.add_method(
-            sel!(applicationWillTerminate:),
-            will_terminate as extern "C" fn(&Object, Sel, id),
+            sel!(activationHackMouseMoved:),
+            activation_hack::mouse_moved as extern "C" fn(&Object, Sel, id),
         );
 
         AppDelegateClass(decl.register())
     };
 }
 
-extern "C" fn did_finish_launching(_: &Object, _: Sel, _: id) -> BOOL {
-    trace!("Triggered `didFinishLaunching`");
+extern "C" fn new(class: &Class, _: Sel) -> id {
+    unsafe {
+        let this: id = msg_send![class, alloc];
+        let this: id = msg_send![this, init];
+        (*this).set_ivar(
+            activation_hack::State::name(),
+            activation_hack::State::new(),
+        );
+        this
+    }
+}
+
+extern "C" fn dealloc(this: &Object, _: Sel) {
+    unsafe {
+        activation_hack::State::free(activation_hack::State::get_ptr(this));
+    }
+}
+
+extern "C" fn did_finish_launching(_: &Object, _: Sel, _: id) {
+    trace!("Triggered `applicationDidFinishLaunching`");
     AppState::launched();
-    trace!("Completed `didFinishLaunching`");
-    YES
+    trace!("Completed `applicationDidFinishLaunching`");
 }
 
-extern "C" fn did_become_active(_: &Object, _: Sel, _: id) {
-    trace!("Triggered `didBecomeActive`");
-    /*unsafe {
-        HANDLER.lock().unwrap().handle_nonuser_event(Event::Resumed)
-    }*/
-    trace!("Completed `didBecomeActive`");
+extern "C" fn did_become_active(this: &Object, _: Sel, _: id) {
+    trace!("Triggered `applicationDidBecomeActive`");
+    unsafe {
+        activation_hack::State::set_activated(this, true);
+    }
+    trace!("Completed `applicationDidBecomeActive`");
 }
 
-extern "C" fn will_resign_active(_: &Object, _: Sel, _: id) {
-    trace!("Triggered `willResignActive`");
-    /*unsafe {
-        HANDLER.lock().unwrap().handle_nonuser_event(Event::Suspended)
-    }*/
-    trace!("Completed `willResignActive`");
-}
-
-extern "C" fn will_enter_foreground(_: &Object, _: Sel, _: id) {
-    trace!("Triggered `willEnterForeground`");
-    trace!("Completed `willEnterForeground`");
-}
-
-extern "C" fn did_enter_background(_: &Object, _: Sel, _: id) {
-    trace!("Triggered `didEnterBackground`");
-    trace!("Completed `didEnterBackground`");
-}
-
-extern "C" fn will_terminate(_: &Object, _: Sel, _: id) {
-    trace!("Triggered `willTerminate`");
-    /*unsafe {
-        let app: id = msg_send![class!(UIApplication), sharedApplication];
-        let windows: id = msg_send![app, windows];
-        let windows_enum: id = msg_send![windows, objectEnumerator];
-        let mut events = Vec::new();
-        loop {
-            let window: id = msg_send![windows_enum, nextObject];
-            if window == nil {
-                break
-            }
-            let is_winit_window: BOOL = msg_send![window, isKindOfClass:class!(WinitUIWindow)];
-            if is_winit_window == YES {
-                events.push(Event::WindowEvent {
-                    window_id: RootWindowId(window.into()),
-                    event: WindowEvent::Destroyed,
-                });
-            }
-        }
-        HANDLER.lock().unwrap().handle_nonuser_events(events);
-        HANDLER.lock().unwrap().terminated();
-    }*/
-    trace!("Completed `willTerminate`");
+extern "C" fn did_resign_active(this: &Object, _: Sel, _: id) {
+    trace!("Triggered `applicationDidResignActive`");
+    unsafe {
+        activation_hack::refocus(this);
+    }
+    trace!("Completed `applicationDidResignActive`");
 }

src/platform_impl/macos/app_state.rs

@@ -12,11 +12,13 @@ use std::{
 };
 
 use cocoa::{
-    appkit::{NSApp, NSWindow},
-    base::nil,
-    foundation::{NSAutoreleasePool, NSSize, NSString},
+    appkit::{NSApp, NSEventType::NSApplicationDefined, NSWindow},
+    base::{id, nil},
+    foundation::{NSAutoreleasePool, NSPoint, NSSize},
 };
 
+use objc::runtime::YES;
+
 use crate::{
     dpi::LogicalSize,
     event::{Event, StartCause, WindowEvent},
@@ -29,7 +31,6 @@ use crate::{
     },
     window::WindowId,
 };
-use objc::runtime::Object;
 
 lazy_static! {
     static ref HANDLER: Handler = Default::default();
@@ -339,21 +340,23 @@ impl AppState {
 
                 let pool = NSAutoreleasePool::new(nil);
 
-                let windows: *const Object = msg_send![NSApp(), windows];
-                let window: *const Object = msg_send![windows, objectAtIndex:0];
+                let windows: id = msg_send![NSApp(), windows];
+                let window: id = msg_send![windows, objectAtIndex:0];
                 assert_ne!(window, nil);
 
-                let title: *const Object = msg_send![window, title];
-                assert_ne!(title, nil);
-                let postfix = NSString::alloc(nil).init_str("*");
-                let some_unique_title: *const Object =
-                    msg_send![title, stringByAppendingString: postfix];
-                assert_ne!(some_unique_title, nil);
-
-                // To stop event loop immediately, we need to send some UI event here.
-                let _: () = msg_send![window, setTitle: some_unique_title];
-                // And restore it.
-                let _: () = msg_send![window, setTitle: title];
+                let dummy_event: id = msg_send![class!(NSEvent),
+                    otherEventWithType: NSApplicationDefined
+                    location: NSPoint::new(0.0, 0.0)
+                    modifierFlags: 0
+                    timestamp: 0
+                    windowNumber: 0
+                    context: nil
+                    subtype: 0
+                    data1: 0
+                    data2: 0
+                ];
+                // To stop event loop immediately, we need to post some event here.
+                let _: () = msg_send![window, postEvent: dummy_event atStart: YES];
 
                 pool.drain();
             };

src/platform_impl/macos/event.rs

@@ -287,6 +287,7 @@ pub unsafe fn modifier_event(
 
         let scancode = get_scancode(ns_event);
         let virtual_keycode = scancode_to_keycode(scancode);
+        #[allow(deprecated)]
         Some(WindowEvent::KeyboardInput {
             device_id: DEVICE_ID,
             input: KeyboardInput {

src/platform_impl/macos/event_loop.rs

@@ -117,6 +117,14 @@ pub struct Proxy<T> {
 
 unsafe impl<T: Send> Send for Proxy<T> {}
 
+impl<T> Drop for Proxy<T> {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        unsafe {
+            CFRelease(self.source as _);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl<T> Clone for Proxy<T> {
     fn clone(&self) -> Self {
         Proxy::new(self.sender.clone())

src/platform_impl/macos/mod.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #![cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 
+mod activation_hack;
 mod app;
 mod app_delegate;
 mod app_state;
@@ -24,6 +25,8 @@ use crate::{
     error::OsError as RootOsError, event::DeviceId as RootDeviceId, window::WindowAttributes,
 };
 
+pub(crate) use crate::icon::NoIcon as PlatformIcon;
+
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
 pub struct DeviceId;
 

src/platform_impl/macos/monitor.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 use std::{collections::VecDeque, fmt};
 
-use super::ffi;
+use super::{ffi, util};
 use crate::{
     dpi::{PhysicalPosition, PhysicalSize},
     monitor::{MonitorHandle as RootMonitorHandle, VideoMode as RootVideoMode},
-    platform_impl::platform::util::IdRef,
 };
 use cocoa::{
     appkit::NSScreen,
     base::{id, nil},
-    foundation::{NSString, NSUInteger},
+    foundation::NSUInteger,
 };
 use core_foundation::{
     array::{CFArrayGetCount, CFArrayGetValueAtIndex},
@@ -303,7 +302,7 @@ impl MonitorHandle {
             let uuid = ffi::CGDisplayCreateUUIDFromDisplayID(self.0);
             let screens = NSScreen::screens(nil);
             let count: NSUInteger = msg_send![screens, count];
-            let key = IdRef::new(NSString::alloc(nil).init_str("NSScreenNumber"));
+            let key = util::ns_string_id_ref("NSScreenNumber");
             for i in 0..count {
                 let screen = msg_send![screens, objectAtIndex: i as NSUInteger];
                 let device_description = NSScreen::deviceDescription(screen);

src/platform_impl/macos/observer.rs

@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ extern "C" fn control_flow_begin_handler(
 }
 
 // end is queued with the lowest priority to ensure it is processed after other observers
-// without that, LoopDestroyed would  get sent after EventsCleared
+// without that, LoopDestroyed would  get sent after MainEventsCleared
 extern "C" fn control_flow_end_handler(
     _: CFRunLoopObserverRef,
     activity: CFRunLoopActivity,

src/platform_impl/macos/util/async.rs

@@ -1,20 +1,36 @@
 use std::{
-    os::raw::c_void,
+    ops::Deref,
     sync::{Mutex, Weak},
 };
 
 use cocoa::{
     appkit::{CGFloat, NSScreen, NSWindow, NSWindowStyleMask},
     base::{id, nil},
-    foundation::{NSAutoreleasePool, NSPoint, NSSize, NSString},
+    foundation::{NSPoint, NSSize, NSString},
 };
-use dispatch::ffi::{dispatch_async_f, dispatch_get_main_queue, dispatch_sync_f};
+use dispatch::Queue;
+use objc::rc::autoreleasepool;
 
 use crate::{
     dpi::LogicalSize,
     platform_impl::platform::{ffi, util::IdRef, window::SharedState},
 };
 
+// Unsafe wrapper type that allows us to dispatch things that aren't Send.
+// This should *only* be used to dispatch to the main queue.
+// While it is indeed not guaranteed that these types can safely be sent to
+// other threads, we know that they're safe to use on the main thread.
+struct MainThreadSafe<T>(T);
+
+unsafe impl<T> Send for MainThreadSafe<T> {}
+
+impl<T> Deref for MainThreadSafe<T> {
+    type Target = T;
+    fn deref(&self) -> &T {
+        &self.0
+    }
+}
+
 unsafe fn set_style_mask(ns_window: id, ns_view: id, mask: NSWindowStyleMask) {
     ns_window.setStyleMask_(mask);
     // If we don't do this, key handling will break
@@ -22,203 +38,55 @@ unsafe fn set_style_mask(ns_window: id, ns_view: id, mask: NSWindowStyleMask) {
     ns_window.makeFirstResponder_(ns_view);
 }
 
-struct SetStyleMaskData {
-    ns_window: id,
-    ns_view: id,
-    mask: NSWindowStyleMask,
-}
-impl SetStyleMaskData {
-    fn new_ptr(ns_window: id, ns_view: id, mask: NSWindowStyleMask) -> *mut Self {
-        Box::into_raw(Box::new(SetStyleMaskData {
-            ns_window,
-            ns_view,
-            mask,
-        }))
-    }
-}
-extern "C" fn set_style_mask_callback(context: *mut c_void) {
-    unsafe {
-        let context_ptr = context as *mut SetStyleMaskData;
-        {
-            let context = &*context_ptr;
-            set_style_mask(context.ns_window, context.ns_view, context.mask);
-        }
-        Box::from_raw(context_ptr);
-    }
-}
 // Always use this function instead of trying to modify `styleMask` directly!
 // `setStyleMask:` isn't thread-safe, so we have to use Grand Central Dispatch.
 // Otherwise, this would vomit out errors about not being on the main thread
 // and fail to do anything.
 pub unsafe fn set_style_mask_async(ns_window: id, ns_view: id, mask: NSWindowStyleMask) {
-    let context = SetStyleMaskData::new_ptr(ns_window, ns_view, mask);
-    dispatch_async_f(
-        dispatch_get_main_queue(),
-        context as *mut _,
-        set_style_mask_callback,
-    );
+    let ns_window = MainThreadSafe(ns_window);
+    let ns_view = MainThreadSafe(ns_view);
+    Queue::main().exec_async(move || {
+        set_style_mask(*ns_window, *ns_view, mask);
+    });
 }
 pub unsafe fn set_style_mask_sync(ns_window: id, ns_view: id, mask: NSWindowStyleMask) {
-    let context = SetStyleMaskData::new_ptr(ns_window, ns_view, mask);
     if msg_send![class!(NSThread), isMainThread] {
-        set_style_mask_callback(context as *mut _);
+        set_style_mask(ns_window, ns_view, mask);
     } else {
-        dispatch_sync_f(
-            dispatch_get_main_queue(),
-            context as *mut _,
-            set_style_mask_callback,
-        );
+        let ns_window = MainThreadSafe(ns_window);
+        let ns_view = MainThreadSafe(ns_view);
+        Queue::main().exec_sync(move || {
+            set_style_mask(*ns_window, *ns_view, mask);
+        })
     }
 }
 
-struct SetContentSizeData {
-    ns_window: id,
-    size: LogicalSize<f64>,
-}
-impl SetContentSizeData {
-    fn new_ptr(ns_window: id, size: LogicalSize<f64>) -> *mut Self {
-        Box::into_raw(Box::new(SetContentSizeData { ns_window, size }))
-    }
-}
-extern "C" fn set_content_size_callback(context: *mut c_void) {
-    unsafe {
-        let context_ptr = context as *mut SetContentSizeData;
-        {
-            let context = &*context_ptr;
-            NSWindow::setContentSize_(
-                context.ns_window,
-                NSSize::new(
-                    context.size.width as CGFloat,
-                    context.size.height as CGFloat,
-                ),
-            );
-        }
-        Box::from_raw(context_ptr);
-    }
-}
 // `setContentSize:` isn't thread-safe either, though it doesn't log any errors
 // and just fails silently. Anyway, GCD to the rescue!
 pub unsafe fn set_content_size_async(ns_window: id, size: LogicalSize<f64>) {
-    let context = SetContentSizeData::new_ptr(ns_window, size);
-    dispatch_async_f(
-        dispatch_get_main_queue(),
-        context as *mut _,
-        set_content_size_callback,
-    );
+    let ns_window = MainThreadSafe(ns_window);
+    Queue::main().exec_async(move || {
+        ns_window.setContentSize_(NSSize::new(size.width as CGFloat, size.height as CGFloat));
+    });
 }
 
-struct SetFrameTopLeftPointData {
-    ns_window: id,
-    point: NSPoint,
-}
-impl SetFrameTopLeftPointData {
-    fn new_ptr(ns_window: id, point: NSPoint) -> *mut Self {
-        Box::into_raw(Box::new(SetFrameTopLeftPointData { ns_window, point }))
-    }
-}
-extern "C" fn set_frame_top_left_point_callback(context: *mut c_void) {
-    unsafe {
-        let context_ptr = context as *mut SetFrameTopLeftPointData;
-        {
-            let context = &*context_ptr;
-            NSWindow::setFrameTopLeftPoint_(context.ns_window, context.point);
-        }
-        Box::from_raw(context_ptr);
-    }
-}
 // `setFrameTopLeftPoint:` isn't thread-safe, but fortunately has the courtesy
 // to log errors.
 pub unsafe fn set_frame_top_left_point_async(ns_window: id, point: NSPoint) {
-    let context = SetFrameTopLeftPointData::new_ptr(ns_window, point);
-    dispatch_async_f(
-        dispatch_get_main_queue(),
-        context as *mut _,
-        set_frame_top_left_point_callback,
-    );
+    let ns_window = MainThreadSafe(ns_window);
+    Queue::main().exec_async(move || {
+        ns_window.setFrameTopLeftPoint_(point);
+    });
 }
 
-struct SetLevelData {
-    ns_window: id,
-    level: ffi::NSWindowLevel,
-}
-impl SetLevelData {
-    fn new_ptr(ns_window: id, level: ffi::NSWindowLevel) -> *mut Self {
-        Box::into_raw(Box::new(SetLevelData { ns_window, level }))
-    }
-}
-extern "C" fn set_level_callback(context: *mut c_void) {
-    unsafe {
-        let context_ptr = context as *mut SetLevelData;
-        {
-            let context = &*context_ptr;
-            context.ns_window.setLevel_(context.level as _);
-        }
-        Box::from_raw(context_ptr);
-    }
-}
 // `setFrameTopLeftPoint:` isn't thread-safe, and fails silently.
 pub unsafe fn set_level_async(ns_window: id, level: ffi::NSWindowLevel) {
-    let context = SetLevelData::new_ptr(ns_window, level);
-    dispatch_async_f(
-        dispatch_get_main_queue(),
-        context as *mut _,
-        set_level_callback,
-    );
+    let ns_window = MainThreadSafe(ns_window);
+    Queue::main().exec_async(move || {
+        ns_window.setLevel_(level as _);
+    });
 }
 
-struct ToggleFullScreenData {
-    ns_window: id,
-    ns_view: id,
-    not_fullscreen: bool,
-    shared_state: Weak<Mutex<SharedState>>,
-}
-impl ToggleFullScreenData {
-    fn new_ptr(
-        ns_window: id,
-        ns_view: id,
-        not_fullscreen: bool,
-        shared_state: Weak<Mutex<SharedState>>,
-    ) -> *mut Self {
-        Box::into_raw(Box::new(ToggleFullScreenData {
-            ns_window,
-            ns_view,
-            not_fullscreen,
-            shared_state,
-        }))
-    }
-}
-extern "C" fn toggle_full_screen_callback(context: *mut c_void) {
-    unsafe {
-        let context_ptr = context as *mut ToggleFullScreenData;
-        {
-            let context = &*context_ptr;
-
-            // `toggleFullScreen` doesn't work if the `StyleMask` is none, so we
-            // set a normal style temporarily. The previous state will be
-            // restored in `WindowDelegate::window_did_exit_fullscreen`.
-            if context.not_fullscreen {
-                let curr_mask = context.ns_window.styleMask();
-                let required = NSWindowStyleMask::NSTitledWindowMask
-                    | NSWindowStyleMask::NSResizableWindowMask;
-                if !curr_mask.contains(required) {
-                    set_style_mask(context.ns_window, context.ns_view, required);
-                    if let Some(shared_state) = context.shared_state.upgrade() {
-                        trace!("Locked shared state in `toggle_full_screen_callback`");
-                        let mut shared_state_lock = shared_state.lock().unwrap();
-                        (*shared_state_lock).saved_style = Some(curr_mask);
-                        trace!("Unlocked shared state in `toggle_full_screen_callback`");
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            // Window level must be restored from `CGShieldingWindowLevel()
-            // + 1` back to normal in order for `toggleFullScreen` to do
-            // anything
-            context.ns_window.setLevel_(0);
-            context.ns_window.toggleFullScreen_(nil);
-        }
-        Box::from_raw(context_ptr);
-    }
-}
 // `toggleFullScreen` is thread-safe, but our additional logic to account for
 // window styles isn't.
 pub unsafe fn toggle_full_screen_async(
@@ -227,91 +95,42 @@ pub unsafe fn toggle_full_screen_async(
     not_fullscreen: bool,
     shared_state: Weak<Mutex<SharedState>>,
 ) {
-    let context = ToggleFullScreenData::new_ptr(ns_window, ns_view, not_fullscreen, shared_state);
-    dispatch_async_f(
-        dispatch_get_main_queue(),
-        context as *mut _,
-        toggle_full_screen_callback,
-    );
-}
-
-extern "C" fn restore_display_mode_callback(screen: *mut c_void) {
-    unsafe {
-        let screen = Box::from_raw(screen as *mut u32);
-        ffi::CGRestorePermanentDisplayConfiguration();
-        assert_eq!(ffi::CGDisplayRelease(*screen), ffi::kCGErrorSuccess);
-    }
-}
-pub unsafe fn restore_display_mode_async(ns_screen: u32) {
-    dispatch_async_f(
-        dispatch_get_main_queue(),
-        Box::into_raw(Box::new(ns_screen)) as *mut _,
-        restore_display_mode_callback,
-    );
-}
-
-struct SetMaximizedData {
-    ns_window: id,
-    is_zoomed: bool,
-    maximized: bool,
-    shared_state: Weak<Mutex<SharedState>>,
-}
-impl SetMaximizedData {
-    fn new_ptr(
-        ns_window: id,
-        is_zoomed: bool,
-        maximized: bool,
-        shared_state: Weak<Mutex<SharedState>>,
-    ) -> *mut Self {
-        Box::into_raw(Box::new(SetMaximizedData {
-            ns_window,
-            is_zoomed,
-            maximized,
-            shared_state,
-        }))
-    }
-}
-extern "C" fn set_maximized_callback(context: *mut c_void) {
-    unsafe {
-        let context_ptr = context as *mut SetMaximizedData;
-        {
-            let context = &*context_ptr;
-
-            if let Some(shared_state) = context.shared_state.upgrade() {
-                trace!("Locked shared state in `set_maximized`");
-                let mut shared_state_lock = shared_state.lock().unwrap();
-
-                // Save the standard frame sized if it is not zoomed
-                if !context.is_zoomed {
-                    shared_state_lock.standard_frame = Some(NSWindow::frame(context.ns_window));
+    let ns_window = MainThreadSafe(ns_window);
+    let ns_view = MainThreadSafe(ns_view);
+    let shared_state = MainThreadSafe(shared_state);
+    Queue::main().exec_async(move || {
+        // `toggleFullScreen` doesn't work if the `StyleMask` is none, so we
+        // set a normal style temporarily. The previous state will be
+        // restored in `WindowDelegate::window_did_exit_fullscreen`.
+        if not_fullscreen {
+            let curr_mask = ns_window.styleMask();
+            let required =
+                NSWindowStyleMask::NSTitledWindowMask | NSWindowStyleMask::NSResizableWindowMask;
+            if !curr_mask.contains(required) {
+                set_style_mask(*ns_window, *ns_view, required);
+                if let Some(shared_state) = shared_state.upgrade() {
+                    trace!("Locked shared state in `toggle_full_screen_callback`");
+                    let mut shared_state_lock = shared_state.lock().unwrap();
+                    (*shared_state_lock).saved_style = Some(curr_mask);
+                    trace!("Unlocked shared state in `toggle_full_screen_callback`");
                 }
-
-                shared_state_lock.maximized = context.maximized;
-
-                let curr_mask = context.ns_window.styleMask();
-                if shared_state_lock.fullscreen.is_some() {
-                    // Handle it in window_did_exit_fullscreen
-                    return;
-                } else if curr_mask.contains(NSWindowStyleMask::NSResizableWindowMask) {
-                    // Just use the native zoom if resizable
-                    context.ns_window.zoom_(nil);
-                } else {
-                    // if it's not resizable, we set the frame directly
-                    let new_rect = if context.maximized {
-                        let screen = NSScreen::mainScreen(nil);
-                        NSScreen::visibleFrame(screen)
-                    } else {
-                        shared_state_lock.saved_standard_frame()
-                    };
-                    context.ns_window.setFrame_display_(new_rect, 0);
-                }
-
-                trace!("Unlocked shared state in `set_maximized`");
             }
         }
-        Box::from_raw(context_ptr);
-    }
+        // Window level must be restored from `CGShieldingWindowLevel()
+        // + 1` back to normal in order for `toggleFullScreen` to do
+        // anything
+        ns_window.setLevel_(0);
+        ns_window.toggleFullScreen_(nil);
+    });
 }
+
+pub unsafe fn restore_display_mode_async(ns_screen: u32) {
+    Queue::main().exec_async(move || {
+        ffi::CGRestorePermanentDisplayConfiguration();
+        assert_eq!(ffi::CGDisplayRelease(ns_screen), ffi::kCGErrorSuccess);
+    });
+}
+
 // `setMaximized` is not thread-safe
 pub unsafe fn set_maximized_async(
     ns_window: id,
@@ -319,127 +138,79 @@ pub unsafe fn set_maximized_async(
     maximized: bool,
     shared_state: Weak<Mutex<SharedState>>,
 ) {
-    let context = SetMaximizedData::new_ptr(ns_window, is_zoomed, maximized, shared_state);
-    dispatch_async_f(
-        dispatch_get_main_queue(),
-        context as *mut _,
-        set_maximized_callback,
-    );
+    let ns_window = MainThreadSafe(ns_window);
+    let shared_state = MainThreadSafe(shared_state);
+    Queue::main().exec_async(move || {
+        if let Some(shared_state) = shared_state.upgrade() {
+            trace!("Locked shared state in `set_maximized`");
+            let mut shared_state_lock = shared_state.lock().unwrap();
+
+            // Save the standard frame sized if it is not zoomed
+            if !is_zoomed {
+                shared_state_lock.standard_frame = Some(NSWindow::frame(*ns_window));
+            }
+
+            shared_state_lock.maximized = maximized;
+
+            let curr_mask = ns_window.styleMask();
+            if shared_state_lock.fullscreen.is_some() {
+                // Handle it in window_did_exit_fullscreen
+                return;
+            } else if curr_mask.contains(NSWindowStyleMask::NSResizableWindowMask) {
+                // Just use the native zoom if resizable
+                ns_window.zoom_(nil);
+            } else {
+                // if it's not resizable, we set the frame directly
+                let new_rect = if maximized {
+                    let screen = NSScreen::mainScreen(nil);
+                    NSScreen::visibleFrame(screen)
+                } else {
+                    shared_state_lock.saved_standard_frame()
+                };
+                ns_window.setFrame_display_(new_rect, 0);
+            }
+
+            trace!("Unlocked shared state in `set_maximized`");
+        }
+    });
 }
 
-struct OrderOutData {
-    ns_window: id,
-}
-impl OrderOutData {
-    fn new_ptr(ns_window: id) -> *mut Self {
-        Box::into_raw(Box::new(OrderOutData { ns_window }))
-    }
-}
-extern "C" fn order_out_callback(context: *mut c_void) {
-    unsafe {
-        let context_ptr = context as *mut OrderOutData;
-        {
-            let context = &*context_ptr;
-            context.ns_window.orderOut_(nil);
-        }
-        Box::from_raw(context_ptr);
-    }
-}
 // `orderOut:` isn't thread-safe. Calling it from another thread actually works,
 // but with an odd delay.
 pub unsafe fn order_out_async(ns_window: id) {
-    let context = OrderOutData::new_ptr(ns_window);
-    dispatch_async_f(
-        dispatch_get_main_queue(),
-        context as *mut _,
-        order_out_callback,
-    );
+    let ns_window = MainThreadSafe(ns_window);
+    Queue::main().exec_async(move || {
+        ns_window.orderOut_(nil);
+    });
 }
 
-struct MakeKeyAndOrderFrontData {
-    ns_window: id,
-}
-impl MakeKeyAndOrderFrontData {
-    fn new_ptr(ns_window: id) -> *mut Self {
-        Box::into_raw(Box::new(MakeKeyAndOrderFrontData { ns_window }))
-    }
-}
-extern "C" fn make_key_and_order_front_callback(context: *mut c_void) {
-    unsafe {
-        let context_ptr = context as *mut MakeKeyAndOrderFrontData;
-        {
-            let context = &*context_ptr;
-            context.ns_window.makeKeyAndOrderFront_(nil);
-        }
-        Box::from_raw(context_ptr);
-    }
-}
 // `makeKeyAndOrderFront:` isn't thread-safe. Calling it from another thread
 // actually works, but with an odd delay.
 pub unsafe fn make_key_and_order_front_async(ns_window: id) {
-    let context = MakeKeyAndOrderFrontData::new_ptr(ns_window);
-    dispatch_async_f(
-        dispatch_get_main_queue(),
-        context as *mut _,
-        make_key_and_order_front_callback,
-    );
+    let ns_window = MainThreadSafe(ns_window);
+    Queue::main().exec_async(move || {
+        ns_window.makeKeyAndOrderFront_(nil);
+    });
 }
 
-struct SetTitleData {
-    ns_window: id,
-    title: String,
-}
-impl SetTitleData {
-    fn new_ptr(ns_window: id, title: String) -> *mut Self {
-        Box::into_raw(Box::new(SetTitleData { ns_window, title }))
-    }
-}
-extern "C" fn set_title_callback(context: *mut c_void) {
-    unsafe {
-        let context_ptr = context as *mut SetTitleData;
-        {
-            let context = &*context_ptr;
-            let title = IdRef::new(NSString::alloc(nil).init_str(&context.title));
-            context.ns_window.setTitle_(*title);
-        }
-        Box::from_raw(context_ptr);
-    }
-}
 // `setTitle:` isn't thread-safe. Calling it from another thread invalidates the
 // window drag regions, which throws an exception when not done in the main
 // thread
 pub unsafe fn set_title_async(ns_window: id, title: String) {
-    let context = SetTitleData::new_ptr(ns_window, title);
-    dispatch_async_f(
-        dispatch_get_main_queue(),
-        context as *mut _,
-        set_title_callback,
-    );
+    let ns_window = MainThreadSafe(ns_window);
+    Queue::main().exec_async(move || {
+        let title = IdRef::new(NSString::alloc(nil).init_str(&title));
+        ns_window.setTitle_(*title);
+    });
 }
 
-struct CloseData {
-    ns_window: id,
-}
-impl CloseData {
-    fn new_ptr(ns_window: id) -> *mut Self {
-        Box::into_raw(Box::new(CloseData { ns_window }))
-    }
-}
-extern "C" fn close_callback(context: *mut c_void) {
-    unsafe {
-        let context_ptr = context as *mut CloseData;
-        {
-            let context = &*context_ptr;
-            let pool = NSAutoreleasePool::new(nil);
-            context.ns_window.close();
-            pool.drain();
-        }
-        Box::from_raw(context_ptr);
-    }
-}
 // `close:` is thread-safe, but we want the event to be triggered from the main
 // thread. Though, it's a good idea to look into that more...
 pub unsafe fn close_async(ns_window: id) {
-    let context = CloseData::new_ptr(ns_window);
-    dispatch_async_f(dispatch_get_main_queue(), context as *mut _, close_callback);
+    let ns_window = MainThreadSafe(ns_window);
+    Queue::main().exec_async(move || {
+        autoreleasepool(move || {
+            ns_window.close();
+        });
+    });
 }

src/platform_impl/macos/util/mod.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use std::ops::{BitAnd, Deref};
 use cocoa::{
     appkit::{NSApp, NSWindowStyleMask},
     base::{id, nil},
-    foundation::{NSAutoreleasePool, NSRect, NSUInteger},
+    foundation::{NSAutoreleasePool, NSRect, NSString, NSUInteger},
 };
 use core_graphics::display::CGDisplay;
 use objc::runtime::{Class, Object, Sel, BOOL, YES};
@@ -91,6 +91,22 @@ pub fn bottom_left_to_top_left(rect: NSRect) -> f64 {
     CGDisplay::main().pixels_high() as f64 - (rect.origin.y + rect.size.height)
 }
 
+pub unsafe fn ns_string_id_ref(s: &str) -> IdRef {
+    IdRef::new(NSString::alloc(nil).init_str(s))
+}
+
+pub unsafe fn app_name() -> Option<id> {
+    let bundle: id = msg_send![class!(NSBundle), mainBundle];
+    let dict: id = msg_send![bundle, infoDictionary];
+    let key = ns_string_id_ref("CFBundleName");
+    let app_name: id = msg_send![dict, objectForKey:*key];
+    if app_name != nil {
+        Some(app_name)
+    } else {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
 pub unsafe fn superclass<'a>(this: &'a Object) -> &'a Class {
     let superclass: id = msg_send![this, superclass];
     &*(superclass as *const _)

src/platform_impl/macos/view.rs

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ use objc::{
 };
 
 use crate::{
+    dpi::LogicalPosition,
     event::{
         DeviceEvent, ElementState, Event, KeyboardInput, ModifiersState, MouseButton,
         MouseScrollDelta, TouchPhase, VirtualKeyCode, WindowEvent,
@@ -49,16 +50,22 @@ impl Default for CursorState {
     }
 }
 
-struct ViewState {
+pub(super) struct ViewState {
     ns_window: id,
     pub cursor_state: Arc<Mutex<CursorState>>,
     ime_spot: Option<(f64, f64)>,
     raw_characters: Option<String>,
     is_key_down: bool,
-    modifiers: ModifiersState,
+    pub(super) modifiers: ModifiersState,
     tracking_rect: Option<NSInteger>,
 }
 
+impl ViewState {
+    fn get_scale_factor(&self) -> f64 {
+        (unsafe { NSWindow::backingScaleFactor(self.ns_window) }) as f64
+    }
+}
+
 pub fn new_view(ns_window: id) -> (IdRef, Weak<Mutex<CursorState>>) {
     let cursor_state = Default::default();
     let cursor_access = Arc::downgrade(&cursor_state);
@@ -616,6 +623,19 @@ fn retrieve_keycode(event: id) -> Option<VirtualKeyCode> {
     })
 }
 
+// Update `state.modifiers` if `event` has something different
+fn update_potentially_stale_modifiers(state: &mut ViewState, event: id) {
+    let event_modifiers = event_mods(event);
+    if state.modifiers != event_modifiers {
+        state.modifiers = event_modifiers;
+
+        AppState::queue_event(EventWrapper::StaticEvent(Event::WindowEvent {
+            window_id: WindowId(get_window_id(state.ns_window)),
+            event: WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged(state.modifiers),
+        }));
+    }
+}
+
 extern "C" fn key_down(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
     trace!("Triggered `keyDown`");
     unsafe {
@@ -631,6 +651,9 @@ extern "C" fn key_down(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
 
         let is_repeat = msg_send![event, isARepeat];
 
+        update_potentially_stale_modifiers(state, event);
+
+        #[allow(deprecated)]
         let window_event = Event::WindowEvent {
             window_id,
             event: WindowEvent::KeyboardInput {
@@ -683,6 +706,9 @@ extern "C" fn key_up(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
         let scancode = get_scancode(event) as u32;
         let virtual_keycode = retrieve_keycode(event);
 
+        update_potentially_stale_modifiers(state, event);
+
+        #[allow(deprecated)]
         let window_event = Event::WindowEvent {
             window_id: WindowId(get_window_id(state.ns_window)),
             event: WindowEvent::KeyboardInput {
@@ -746,16 +772,18 @@ extern "C" fn flags_changed(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
             events.push_back(window_event);
         }
 
+        let window_id = WindowId(get_window_id(state.ns_window));
+
         for event in events {
             AppState::queue_event(EventWrapper::StaticEvent(Event::WindowEvent {
-                window_id: WindowId(get_window_id(state.ns_window)),
+                window_id,
                 event,
             }));
         }
 
-        AppState::queue_event(EventWrapper::StaticEvent(Event::DeviceEvent {
-            device_id: DEVICE_ID,
-            event: DeviceEvent::ModifiersChanged(state.modifiers),
+        AppState::queue_event(EventWrapper::StaticEvent(Event::WindowEvent {
+            window_id,
+            event: WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged(state.modifiers),
         }));
     }
     trace!("Completed `flagsChanged`");
@@ -797,6 +825,9 @@ extern "C" fn cancel_operation(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, _sender: id) {
 
         let event: id = msg_send![NSApp(), currentEvent];
 
+        update_potentially_stale_modifiers(state, event);
+
+        #[allow(deprecated)]
         let window_event = Event::WindowEvent {
             window_id: WindowId(get_window_id(state.ns_window)),
             event: WindowEvent::KeyboardInput {
@@ -821,6 +852,8 @@ fn mouse_click(this: &Object, event: id, button: MouseButton, button_state: Elem
         let state_ptr: *mut c_void = *this.get_ivar("winitState");
         let state = &mut *(state_ptr as *mut ViewState);
 
+        update_potentially_stale_modifiers(state, event);
+
         let window_event = Event::WindowEvent {
             window_id: WindowId(get_window_id(state.ns_window)),
             event: WindowEvent::MouseInput {
@@ -836,26 +869,32 @@ fn mouse_click(this: &Object, event: id, button: MouseButton, button_state: Elem
 }
 
 extern "C" fn mouse_down(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
+    mouse_motion(this, event);
     mouse_click(this, event, MouseButton::Left, ElementState::Pressed);
 }
 
 extern "C" fn mouse_up(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
+    mouse_motion(this, event);
     mouse_click(this, event, MouseButton::Left, ElementState::Released);
 }
 
 extern "C" fn right_mouse_down(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
+    mouse_motion(this, event);
     mouse_click(this, event, MouseButton::Right, ElementState::Pressed);
 }
 
 extern "C" fn right_mouse_up(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
+    mouse_motion(this, event);
     mouse_click(this, event, MouseButton::Right, ElementState::Released);
 }
 
 extern "C" fn other_mouse_down(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
+    mouse_motion(this, event);
     mouse_click(this, event, MouseButton::Middle, ElementState::Pressed);
 }
 
 extern "C" fn other_mouse_up(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
+    mouse_motion(this, event);
     mouse_click(this, event, MouseButton::Middle, ElementState::Released);
 }
 
@@ -882,12 +921,15 @@ fn mouse_motion(this: &Object, event: id) {
 
         let x = view_point.x as f64;
         let y = view_rect.size.height as f64 - view_point.y as f64;
+        let logical_position = LogicalPosition::new(x, y);
+
+        update_potentially_stale_modifiers(state, event);
 
         let window_event = Event::WindowEvent {
             window_id: WindowId(get_window_id(state.ns_window)),
             event: WindowEvent::CursorMoved {
                 device_id: DEVICE_ID,
-                position: (x, y).into(),
+                position: logical_position.to_physical(state.get_scale_factor()),
                 modifiers: event_mods(event),
             },
         };
@@ -912,7 +954,7 @@ extern "C" fn other_mouse_dragged(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
     mouse_motion(this, event);
 }
 
-extern "C" fn mouse_entered(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
+extern "C" fn mouse_entered(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, _event: id) {
     trace!("Triggered `mouseEntered`");
     unsafe {
         let state_ptr: *mut c_void = *this.get_ivar("winitState");
@@ -925,27 +967,7 @@ extern "C" fn mouse_entered(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
             },
         };
 
-        let move_event = {
-            let window_point = event.locationInWindow();
-            let view_point: NSPoint = msg_send![this,
-                convertPoint:window_point
-                fromView:nil // convert from window coordinates
-            ];
-            let view_rect: NSRect = msg_send![this, frame];
-            let x = view_point.x as f64;
-            let y = (view_rect.size.height - view_point.y) as f64;
-            Event::WindowEvent {
-                window_id: WindowId(get_window_id(state.ns_window)),
-                event: WindowEvent::CursorMoved {
-                    device_id: DEVICE_ID,
-                    position: (x, y).into(),
-                    modifiers: event_mods(event),
-                },
-            }
-        };
-
         AppState::queue_event(EventWrapper::StaticEvent(enter_event));
-        AppState::queue_event(EventWrapper::StaticEvent(move_event));
     }
     trace!("Completed `mouseEntered`");
 }
@@ -970,6 +992,9 @@ extern "C" fn mouse_exited(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, _event: id) {
 
 extern "C" fn scroll_wheel(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
     trace!("Triggered `scrollWheel`");
+
+    mouse_motion(this, event);
+
     unsafe {
         let delta = {
             let (x, y) = (event.scrollingDeltaX(), event.scrollingDeltaY());
@@ -995,6 +1020,8 @@ extern "C" fn scroll_wheel(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
         let state_ptr: *mut c_void = *this.get_ivar("winitState");
         let state = &mut *(state_ptr as *mut ViewState);
 
+        update_potentially_stale_modifiers(state, event);
+
         let window_event = Event::WindowEvent {
             window_id: WindowId(get_window_id(state.ns_window)),
             event: WindowEvent::MouseWheel {
@@ -1013,6 +1040,9 @@ extern "C" fn scroll_wheel(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
 
 extern "C" fn pressure_change_with_event(this: &Object, _sel: Sel, event: id) {
     trace!("Triggered `pressureChangeWithEvent`");
+
+    mouse_motion(this, event);
+
     unsafe {
         let state_ptr: *mut c_void = *this.get_ivar("winitState");
         let state = &mut *(state_ptr as *mut ViewState);

src/platform_impl/macos/window.rs

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ use cocoa::{
         NSWindow, NSWindowButton, NSWindowStyleMask,
     },
     base::{id, nil},
-    foundation::{NSAutoreleasePool, NSDictionary, NSPoint, NSRect, NSSize, NSString},
+    foundation::{NSAutoreleasePool, NSDictionary, NSPoint, NSRect, NSSize},
 };
 use core_graphics::display::{CGDisplay, CGDisplayMode};
 use objc::{
@@ -150,10 +150,14 @@ fn create_window(
         let mut masks = if !attrs.decorations && !screen.is_some() {
             // Resizable UnownedWindow without a titlebar or borders
             // if decorations is set to false, ignore pl_attrs
-            NSWindowStyleMask::NSBorderlessWindowMask | NSWindowStyleMask::NSResizableWindowMask
+            NSWindowStyleMask::NSBorderlessWindowMask
+                | NSWindowStyleMask::NSResizableWindowMask
+                | NSWindowStyleMask::NSMiniaturizableWindowMask
         } else if pl_attrs.titlebar_hidden {
             // if the titlebar is hidden, ignore other pl_attrs
-            NSWindowStyleMask::NSBorderlessWindowMask | NSWindowStyleMask::NSResizableWindowMask
+            NSWindowStyleMask::NSBorderlessWindowMask
+                | NSWindowStyleMask::NSResizableWindowMask
+                | NSWindowStyleMask::NSMiniaturizableWindowMask
         } else {
             // default case, resizable window with titlebar and titlebar buttons
             NSWindowStyleMask::NSClosableWindowMask
@@ -178,7 +182,7 @@ fn create_window(
             NO,
         ));
         let res = ns_window.non_nil().map(|ns_window| {
-            let title = IdRef::new(NSString::alloc(nil).init_str(&attrs.title));
+            let title = util::ns_string_id_ref(&attrs.title);
             ns_window.setReleasedWhenClosed_(NO);
             ns_window.setTitle_(*title);
             ns_window.setAcceptsMouseMovedEvents_(YES);
@@ -336,7 +340,7 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
 
         let input_context = unsafe { util::create_input_context(*ns_view) };
 
-        let dpi_factor = unsafe { NSWindow::backingScaleFactor(*ns_window) as f64 };
+        let scale_factor = unsafe { NSWindow::backingScaleFactor(*ns_window) as f64 };
 
         unsafe {
             if win_attribs.transparent {
@@ -346,11 +350,11 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
 
             ns_app.activateIgnoringOtherApps_(YES);
             win_attribs.min_inner_size.map(|dim| {
-                let logical_dim = dim.to_logical(dpi_factor);
+                let logical_dim = dim.to_logical(scale_factor);
                 set_min_inner_size(*ns_window, logical_dim)
             });
             win_attribs.max_inner_size.map(|dim| {
-                let logical_dim = dim.to_logical(dpi_factor);
+                let logical_dim = dim.to_logical(scale_factor);
                 set_max_inner_size(*ns_window, logical_dim)
             });
 
@@ -374,7 +378,7 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
         let decorations = win_attribs.decorations;
         let inner_rect = win_attribs
             .inner_size
-            .map(|size| size.to_physical(dpi_factor));
+            .map(|size| size.to_physical(scale_factor));
 
         let window = Arc::new(UnownedWindow {
             ns_view,
@@ -446,8 +450,8 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
             frame_rect.origin.x as f64,
             util::bottom_left_to_top_left(frame_rect),
         );
-        let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-        Ok(position.to_physical(dpi_factor))
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+        Ok(position.to_physical(scale_factor))
     }
 
     pub fn inner_position(&self) -> Result<PhysicalPosition<i32>, NotSupportedError> {
@@ -458,13 +462,13 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
             content_rect.origin.x as f64,
             util::bottom_left_to_top_left(content_rect),
         );
-        let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-        Ok(position.to_physical(dpi_factor))
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+        Ok(position.to_physical(scale_factor))
     }
 
     pub fn set_outer_position(&self, position: Position) {
-        let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-        let position = position.to_logical(dpi_factor);
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+        let position = position.to_logical(scale_factor);
         let dummy = NSRect::new(
             NSPoint::new(
                 position.x,
@@ -484,8 +488,8 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
         let view_frame = unsafe { NSView::frame(*self.ns_view) };
         let logical: LogicalSize<f64> =
             (view_frame.size.width as f64, view_frame.size.height as f64).into();
-        let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-        logical.to_physical(dpi_factor)
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+        logical.to_physical(scale_factor)
     }
 
     #[inline]
@@ -493,15 +497,15 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
         let view_frame = unsafe { NSWindow::frame(*self.ns_window) };
         let logical: LogicalSize<f64> =
             (view_frame.size.width as f64, view_frame.size.height as f64).into();
-        let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-        logical.to_physical(dpi_factor)
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+        logical.to_physical(scale_factor)
     }
 
     #[inline]
     pub fn set_inner_size(&self, size: Size) {
         unsafe {
-            let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-            util::set_content_size_async(*self.ns_window, size.to_logical(dpi_factor));
+            let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+            util::set_content_size_async(*self.ns_window, size.to_logical(scale_factor));
         }
     }
 
@@ -511,8 +515,8 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
                 width: 0.0,
                 height: 0.0,
             }));
-            let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-            set_min_inner_size(*self.ns_window, dimensions.to_logical(dpi_factor));
+            let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+            set_min_inner_size(*self.ns_window, dimensions.to_logical(scale_factor));
         }
     }
 
@@ -522,8 +526,8 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
                 width: std::f32::MAX as f64,
                 height: std::f32::MAX as f64,
             }));
-            let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-            set_max_inner_size(*self.ns_window, dimensions.to_logical(dpi_factor));
+            let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+            set_max_inner_size(*self.ns_window, dimensions.to_logical(scale_factor));
         }
     }
 
@@ -590,9 +594,9 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
     #[inline]
     pub fn set_cursor_position(&self, cursor_position: Position) -> Result<(), ExternalError> {
         let physical_window_position = self.inner_position().unwrap();
-        let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-        let window_position = physical_window_position.to_logical::<CGFloat>(dpi_factor);
-        let logical_cursor_position = cursor_position.to_logical::<CGFloat>(dpi_factor);
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+        let window_position = physical_window_position.to_logical::<CGFloat>(scale_factor);
+        let logical_cursor_position = cursor_position.to_logical::<CGFloat>(scale_factor);
         let point = appkit::CGPoint {
             x: logical_cursor_position.x + window_position.x,
             y: logical_cursor_position.y + window_position.y,
@@ -929,8 +933,8 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
 
     #[inline]
     pub fn set_ime_position(&self, spot: Position) {
-        let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-        let logical_spot = spot.to_logical(dpi_factor);
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+        let logical_spot = spot.to_logical(scale_factor);
         unsafe {
             view::set_ime_position(
                 *self.ns_view,
@@ -946,7 +950,7 @@ impl UnownedWindow {
         unsafe {
             let screen: id = msg_send![*self.ns_window, screen];
             let desc = NSScreen::deviceDescription(screen);
-            let key = IdRef::new(NSString::alloc(nil).init_str("NSScreenNumber"));
+            let key = util::ns_string_id_ref("NSScreenNumber");
             let value = NSDictionary::valueForKey_(desc, *key);
             let display_id = msg_send![value, unsignedIntegerValue];
             RootMonitorHandle {
@@ -1024,7 +1028,11 @@ impl WindowExtMacOS for UnownedWindow {
 
             if fullscreen {
                 // Remember the original window's settings
-                shared_state_lock.standard_frame = Some(NSWindow::frame(*self.ns_window));
+                // Exclude title bar
+                shared_state_lock.standard_frame = Some(NSWindow::contentRectForFrameRect_(
+                    *self.ns_window,
+                    NSWindow::frame(*self.ns_window),
+                ));
                 shared_state_lock.saved_style = Some(self.ns_window.styleMask());
                 shared_state_lock.save_presentation_opts = Some(app.presentationOptions_());
 

src/platform_impl/macos/window_delegate.rs

@@ -16,11 +16,12 @@ use objc::{
 
 use crate::{
     dpi::LogicalSize,
-    event::{Event, WindowEvent},
+    event::{Event, ModifiersState, WindowEvent},
     platform_impl::platform::{
         app_state::AppState,
         event::{EventProxy, EventWrapper},
         util::{self, IdRef},
+        view::ViewState,
         window::{get_window_id, UnownedWindow},
     },
     window::{Fullscreen, WindowId},
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ pub struct WindowDelegateState {
     previous_position: Option<(f64, f64)>,
 
     // Used to prevent redundant events.
-    previous_dpi_factor: f64,
+    previous_scale_factor: f64,
 }
 
 impl WindowDelegateState {
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ impl WindowDelegateState {
             window: Arc::downgrade(&window),
             initial_fullscreen,
             previous_position: None,
-            previous_dpi_factor: scale_factor,
+            previous_scale_factor: scale_factor,
         };
 
         if scale_factor != 1.0 {
@@ -82,11 +83,11 @@ impl WindowDelegateState {
 
     pub fn emit_static_scale_factor_changed_event(&mut self) {
         let scale_factor = self.get_scale_factor();
-        if scale_factor == self.previous_dpi_factor {
+        if scale_factor == self.previous_scale_factor {
             return ();
         };
 
-        self.previous_dpi_factor = scale_factor;
+        self.previous_scale_factor = scale_factor;
         let wrapper = EventWrapper::EventProxy(EventProxy::DpiChangedProxy {
             ns_window: IdRef::retain(*self.ns_window),
             suggested_size: self.view_size(),
@@ -319,6 +320,29 @@ extern "C" fn window_did_become_key(this: &Object, _: Sel, _: id) {
 extern "C" fn window_did_resign_key(this: &Object, _: Sel, _: id) {
     trace!("Triggered `windowDidResignKey:`");
     with_state(this, |state| {
+        // It happens rather often, e.g. when the user is Cmd+Tabbing, that the
+        // NSWindowDelegate will receive a didResignKey event despite no event
+        // being received when the modifiers are released.  This is because
+        // flagsChanged events are received by the NSView instead of the
+        // NSWindowDelegate, and as a result a tracked modifiers state can quite
+        // easily fall out of synchrony with reality.  This requires us to emit
+        // a synthetic ModifiersChanged event when we lose focus.
+        //
+        // Here we (very unsafely) acquire the winitState (a ViewState) from the
+        // Object referenced by state.ns_view (an IdRef, which is dereferenced
+        // to an id)
+        let view_state: &mut ViewState = unsafe {
+            let ns_view: &Object = (*state.ns_view).as_ref().expect("failed to deref");
+            let state_ptr: *mut c_void = *ns_view.get_ivar("winitState");
+            &mut *(state_ptr as *mut ViewState)
+        };
+
+        // Both update the state and emit a ModifiersChanged event.
+        if !view_state.modifiers.is_empty() {
+            view_state.modifiers = ModifiersState::empty();
+            state.emit_event(WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged(view_state.modifiers));
+        }
+
         state.emit_event(WindowEvent::Focused(false));
     });
     trace!("Completed `windowDidResignKey:`");

src/platform_impl/web/event_loop/runner.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use std::{
     cell::RefCell,
     clone::Clone,
     collections::{HashSet, VecDeque},
+    iter,
     rc::Rc,
 };
 
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ impl<T: 'static> Shared<T> {
         event_handler: Box<dyn FnMut(Event<'static, T>, &mut root::ControlFlow)>,
     ) {
         self.0.runner.replace(Some(Runner::new(event_handler)));
-        self.send_event(Event::NewEvents(StartCause::Init));
+        self.init();
 
         let close_instance = self.clone();
         backend::on_unload(move || close_instance.handle_unload());
@@ -79,55 +80,98 @@ impl<T: 'static> Shared<T> {
         self.0.redraw_pending.borrow_mut().insert(id);
     }
 
-    // Add an event to the event loop runner
+    pub fn init(&self) {
+        let start_cause = Event::NewEvents(StartCause::Init);
+        self.run_until_cleared(iter::once(start_cause));
+    }
+
+    // Run the polling logic for the Poll ControlFlow, which involves clearing the queue
+    pub fn poll(&self) {
+        let start_cause = Event::NewEvents(StartCause::Poll);
+        self.run_until_cleared(iter::once(start_cause));
+    }
+
+    // Run the logic for waking from a WaitUntil, which involves clearing the queue
+    // Generally there shouldn't be events built up when this is called
+    pub fn resume_time_reached(&self, start: Instant, requested_resume: Instant) {
+        let start_cause = Event::NewEvents(StartCause::ResumeTimeReached {
+            start,
+            requested_resume,
+        });
+        self.run_until_cleared(iter::once(start_cause));
+    }
+
+    // Add an event to the event loop runner, from the user or an event handler
     //
     // It will determine if the event should be immediately sent to the user or buffered for later
     pub fn send_event(&self, event: Event<'static, T>) {
+        self.send_events(iter::once(event));
+    }
+
+    // Add a series of events to the event loop runner
+    //
+    // It will determine if the event should be immediately sent to the user or buffered for later
+    pub fn send_events(&self, events: impl Iterator<Item = Event<'static, T>>) {
         // If the event loop is closed, it should discard any new events
         if self.is_closed() {
             return;
         }
-
-        // Determine if event handling is in process, and then release the borrow on the runner
-        let (start_cause, event_is_start) = match *self.0.runner.borrow() {
-            Some(ref runner) if !runner.is_busy => {
-                if let Event::NewEvents(cause) = event {
-                    (cause, true)
-                } else {
-                    (
-                        match runner.state {
-                            State::Init => StartCause::Init,
-                            State::Poll { .. } => StartCause::Poll,
-                            State::Wait { start } => StartCause::WaitCancelled {
-                                start,
-                                requested_resume: None,
-                            },
-                            State::WaitUntil { start, end, .. } => StartCause::WaitCancelled {
-                                start,
-                                requested_resume: Some(end),
-                            },
-                            State::Exit => {
-                                return;
-                            }
-                        },
-                        false,
-                    )
+        // If we can run the event processing right now, or need to queue this and wait for later
+        let mut process_immediately = true;
+        if let Some(ref runner) = &*self.0.runner.borrow() {
+            // If we're currently polling, queue this and wait for the poll() method to be called
+            if let State::Poll { .. } = runner.state {
+                process_immediately = false;
+            }
+            // If the runner is busy, queue this and wait for it to process it later
+            if runner.is_busy {
+                process_immediately = false;
+            }
+        } else {
+            // The runner still hasn't been attached: queue this event and wait for it to be
+            process_immediately = false;
+        }
+        if !process_immediately {
+            // Queue these events to look at later
+            self.0.events.borrow_mut().extend(events);
+            return;
+        }
+        // At this point, we know this is a fresh set of events
+        // Now we determine why new events are incoming, and handle the events
+        let start_cause = if let Some(runner) = &*self.0.runner.borrow() {
+            match runner.state {
+                State::Init => StartCause::Init,
+                State::Poll { .. } => StartCause::Poll,
+                State::Wait { start } => StartCause::WaitCancelled {
+                    start,
+                    requested_resume: None,
+                },
+                State::WaitUntil { start, end, .. } => StartCause::WaitCancelled {
+                    start,
+                    requested_resume: Some(end),
+                },
+                State::Exit => {
+                    // If we're in the exit state, don't do event processing
+                    return;
                 }
             }
-            _ => {
-                // Events are currently being handled, so queue this one and don't try to
-                // double-process the event queue
-                self.0.events.borrow_mut().push_back(event);
-                return;
-            }
+        } else {
+            unreachable!("The runner cannot process events when it is not attached");
         };
+        // Take the start event, then the events provided to this function, and run an iteration of
+        // the event loop
+        let start_event = Event::NewEvents(start_cause);
+        let events = iter::once(start_event).chain(events);
+        self.run_until_cleared(events);
+    }
+
+    // Given the set of new events, run the event loop until the main events and redraw events are
+    // cleared
+    //
+    // This will also process any events that have been queued or that are queued during processing
+    fn run_until_cleared(&self, events: impl Iterator<Item = Event<'static, T>>) {
         let mut control = self.current_control_flow();
-        // Handle starting a new batch of events
-        //
-        // The user is informed via Event::NewEvents that there is a batch of events to process
-        // However, there is only one of these per batch of events
-        self.handle_event(Event::NewEvents(start_cause), &mut control);
-        if !event_is_start {
+        for event in events {
             self.handle_event(event, &mut control);
         }
         self.handle_event(Event::MainEventsCleared, &mut control);
@@ -158,7 +202,6 @@ impl<T: 'static> Shared<T> {
     // It should only ever be called from send_event
     fn handle_event(&self, event: Event<'static, T>, control: &mut root::ControlFlow) {
         let is_closed = self.is_closed();
-
         match *self.0.runner.borrow_mut() {
             Some(ref mut runner) => {
                 // An event is being processed, so the runner should be marked busy
@@ -183,7 +226,9 @@ impl<T: 'static> Shared<T> {
         // If the runner doesn't exist and this method recurses, it will recurse infinitely
         if !is_closed && self.0.runner.borrow().is_some() {
             // Take an event out of the queue and handle it
-            if let Some(event) = self.0.events.borrow_mut().pop_front() {
+            // Make sure not to let the borrow_mut live during the next handle_event
+            let event = { self.0.events.borrow_mut().pop_front() };
+            if let Some(event) = event {
                 self.handle_event(event, control);
             }
         }
@@ -196,10 +241,7 @@ impl<T: 'static> Shared<T> {
             root::ControlFlow::Poll => {
                 let cloned = self.clone();
                 State::Poll {
-                    timeout: backend::Timeout::new(
-                        move || cloned.send_event(Event::NewEvents(StartCause::Poll)),
-                        Duration::from_millis(0),
-                    ),
+                    request: backend::AnimationFrameRequest::new(move || cloned.poll()),
                 }
             }
             root::ControlFlow::Wait => State::Wait {
@@ -220,7 +262,7 @@ impl<T: 'static> Shared<T> {
                     start,
                     end,
                     timeout: backend::Timeout::new(
-                        move || cloned.send_event(Event::NewEvents(StartCause::Poll)),
+                        move || cloned.resume_time_reached(start, end),
                         delay,
                     ),
                 }

src/platform_impl/web/event_loop/state.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ pub enum State {
         start: Instant,
     },
     Poll {
-        timeout: backend::Timeout,
+        request: backend::AnimationFrameRequest,
     },
     Exit,
 }

src/platform_impl/web/event_loop/window_target.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use super::{backend, device, proxy::Proxy, runner, window};
 use crate::dpi::{PhysicalSize, Size};
 use crate::event::{DeviceId, ElementState, Event, KeyboardInput, TouchPhase, WindowEvent};
 use crate::event_loop::ControlFlow;
-use crate::window::WindowId;
+use crate::window::{Theme, WindowId};
 use std::clone::Clone;
 
 pub struct WindowTarget<T: 'static> {
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ impl<T> WindowTarget<T> {
 
         let runner = self.runner.clone();
         canvas.on_keyboard_press(move |scancode, virtual_keycode, modifiers| {
+            #[allow(deprecated)]
             runner.send_event(Event::WindowEvent {
                 window_id: WindowId(id),
                 event: WindowEvent::KeyboardInput {
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@ impl<T> WindowTarget<T> {
 
         let runner = self.runner.clone();
         canvas.on_keyboard_release(move |scancode, virtual_keycode, modifiers| {
+            #[allow(deprecated)]
             runner.send_event(Event::WindowEvent {
                 window_id: WindowId(id),
                 event: WindowEvent::KeyboardInput {
@@ -197,5 +199,18 @@ impl<T> WindowTarget<T> {
             });
             runner.request_redraw(WindowId(id));
         });
+
+        let runner = self.runner.clone();
+        canvas.on_dark_mode(move |is_dark_mode| {
+            let theme = if is_dark_mode {
+                Theme::Dark
+            } else {
+                Theme::Light
+            };
+            runner.send_event(Event::WindowEvent {
+                window_id: WindowId(id),
+                event: WindowEvent::ThemeChanged(theme),
+            });
+        });
     }
 }

src/platform_impl/web/mod.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,21 @@
-// TODO: close events (port from old stdweb branch)
-// TODO: pointer locking (stdweb PR required)
-// TODO: fullscreen API (stdweb PR required)
+// Brief introduction to the internals of the web backend:
+// Currently, the web backend supports both wasm-bindgen and stdweb as methods of binding to the
+// environment. Because they are both supporting the same underlying APIs, the actual web bindings
+// are cordoned off into backend abstractions, which present the thinnest unifying layer possible.
+//
+// When adding support for new events or interactions with the browser, first consult trusted
+// documentation (such as MDN) to ensure it is well-standardised and supported across many browsers.
+// Once you have decided on the relevant web APIs, add support to both backends.
+//
+// The backend is used by the rest of the module to implement Winit's business logic, which forms
+// the rest of the code. 'device', 'error', 'monitor', and 'window' define web-specific structures
+// for winit's cross-platform structures. They are all relatively simple translations.
+//
+// The event_loop module handles listening for and processing events. 'Proxy' implements
+// EventLoopProxy and 'WindowTarget' implements EventLoopWindowTarget. WindowTarget also handles
+// registering the event handlers. The 'Execution' struct in the 'runner' module handles taking
+// incoming events (from the registered handlers) and ensuring they are passed to the user in a
+// compliant way.
 
 mod device;
 mod error;
@@ -29,3 +44,5 @@ pub use self::window::{
     Id as WindowId, PlatformSpecificBuilderAttributes as PlatformSpecificWindowBuilderAttributes,
     Window,
 };
+
+pub(crate) use crate::icon::NoIcon as PlatformIcon;

src/platform_impl/web/stdweb/canvas.rs

@@ -2,10 +2,11 @@ use super::event;
 use crate::dpi::{LogicalPosition, PhysicalPosition, PhysicalSize};
 use crate::error::OsError as RootOE;
 use crate::event::{ModifiersState, MouseButton, MouseScrollDelta, ScanCode, VirtualKeyCode};
-use crate::platform_impl::OsError;
+use crate::platform_impl::{OsError, PlatformSpecificWindowBuilderAttributes};
 
 use std::cell::RefCell;
 use std::rc::Rc;
+use stdweb::js;
 use stdweb::traits::IPointerEvent;
 use stdweb::unstable::TryInto;
 use stdweb::web::event::{
@@ -43,12 +44,15 @@ impl Drop for Canvas {
 }
 
 impl Canvas {
-    pub fn create() -> Result<Self, RootOE> {
-        let canvas: CanvasElement = document()
-            .create_element("canvas")
-            .map_err(|_| os_error!(OsError("Failed to create canvas element".to_owned())))?
-            .try_into()
-            .map_err(|_| os_error!(OsError("Failed to create canvas element".to_owned())))?;
+    pub fn create(attr: PlatformSpecificWindowBuilderAttributes) -> Result<Self, RootOE> {
+        let canvas = match attr.canvas {
+            Some(canvas) => canvas,
+            None => document()
+                .create_element("canvas")
+                .map_err(|_| os_error!(OsError("Failed to create canvas element".to_owned())))?
+                .try_into()
+                .map_err(|_| os_error!(OsError("Failed to create canvas element".to_owned())))?,
+        };
 
         // A tabindex is needed in order to capture local keyboard events.
         // A "0" value means that the element should be focusable in
@@ -207,7 +211,7 @@ impl Canvas {
 
     pub fn on_cursor_move<F>(&mut self, mut handler: F)
     where
-        F: 'static + FnMut(i32, PhysicalPosition<i32>, ModifiersState),
+        F: 'static + FnMut(i32, PhysicalPosition<f64>, ModifiersState),
     {
         // todo
         self.on_cursor_move = Some(self.add_event(move |event: PointerMoveEvent| {
@@ -237,6 +241,22 @@ impl Canvas {
         self.on_fullscreen_change = Some(self.add_event(move |_: FullscreenChangeEvent| handler()));
     }
 
+    pub fn on_dark_mode<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
+    where
+        F: 'static + FnMut(bool),
+    {
+        // TODO: upstream to stdweb
+        js! {
+            var handler = @{handler};
+
+            if (window.matchMedia) {
+                window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").addListener(function(e) {
+                    handler(event.matches)
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     fn add_event<E, F>(&self, mut handler: F) -> EventListenerHandle
     where
         E: ConcreteEvent,

src/platform_impl/web/stdweb/mod.rs

@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@ mod event;
 mod timeout;
 
 pub use self::canvas::Canvas;
-pub use self::timeout::Timeout;
+pub use self::timeout::{AnimationFrameRequest, Timeout};
 
 use crate::dpi::{LogicalSize, Size};
 use crate::platform::web::WindowExtStdweb;
 use crate::window::Window;
 
 use stdweb::js;
+use stdweb::unstable::TryInto;
 use stdweb::web::event::BeforeUnloadEvent;
 use stdweb::web::window;
 use stdweb::web::IEventTarget;
@@ -31,6 +32,15 @@ impl WindowExtStdweb for Window {
     fn canvas(&self) -> CanvasElement {
         self.window.canvas().raw().clone()
     }
+
+    fn is_dark_mode(&self) -> bool {
+        // TODO: upstream to stdweb
+        let is_dark_mode = js! {
+            return (window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches)
+        };
+
+        is_dark_mode.try_into().expect("should return a bool")
+    }
 }
 
 pub fn window_size() -> LogicalSize<f64> {
@@ -72,3 +82,5 @@ pub fn is_fullscreen(canvas: &CanvasElement) -> bool {
         None => false,
     }
 }
+
+pub type RawCanvasType = CanvasElement;

src/platform_impl/web/stdweb/timeout.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
+use std::cell::Cell;
+use std::rc::Rc;
 use std::time::Duration;
-use stdweb::web::{window, IWindowOrWorker, TimeoutHandle};
+use stdweb::web::{window, IWindowOrWorker, RequestAnimationFrameHandle, TimeoutHandle};
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct Timeout {
@@ -23,3 +25,39 @@ impl Drop for Timeout {
         handle.clear();
     }
 }
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct AnimationFrameRequest {
+    handle: Option<RequestAnimationFrameHandle>,
+    // track callback state, because `cancelAnimationFrame` is slow
+    fired: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
+}
+
+impl AnimationFrameRequest {
+    pub fn new<F>(mut f: F) -> AnimationFrameRequest
+    where
+        F: 'static + FnMut(),
+    {
+        let fired = Rc::new(Cell::new(false));
+        let c_fired = fired.clone();
+        let handle = window().request_animation_frame(move |_| {
+            (*c_fired).set(true);
+            f();
+        });
+
+        AnimationFrameRequest {
+            handle: Some(handle),
+            fired,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for AnimationFrameRequest {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        if !(*self.fired).get() {
+            if let Some(handle) = self.handle.take() {
+                handle.cancel();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/platform_impl/web/web_sys/canvas.rs

@@ -2,13 +2,16 @@ use super::event;
 use crate::dpi::{LogicalPosition, PhysicalPosition, PhysicalSize};
 use crate::error::OsError as RootOE;
 use crate::event::{ModifiersState, MouseButton, MouseScrollDelta, ScanCode, VirtualKeyCode};
-use crate::platform_impl::OsError;
+use crate::platform_impl::{OsError, PlatformSpecificWindowBuilderAttributes};
 
 use std::cell::RefCell;
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
 use wasm_bindgen::{closure::Closure, JsCast};
-use web_sys::{Event, FocusEvent, HtmlCanvasElement, KeyboardEvent, PointerEvent, WheelEvent};
+use web_sys::{
+    Event, FocusEvent, HtmlCanvasElement, KeyboardEvent, MediaQueryListEvent, PointerEvent,
+    WheelEvent,
+};
 
 pub struct Canvas {
     /// Note: resizing the HTMLCanvasElement should go through `backend::set_canvas_size` to ensure the DPI factor is maintained.
@@ -26,6 +29,7 @@ pub struct Canvas {
     on_mouse_wheel: Option<Closure<dyn FnMut(WheelEvent)>>,
     on_fullscreen_change: Option<Closure<dyn FnMut(Event)>>,
     wants_fullscreen: Rc<RefCell<bool>>,
+    on_dark_mode: Option<Closure<dyn FnMut(MediaQueryListEvent)>>,
 }
 
 impl Drop for Canvas {
@@ -35,18 +39,23 @@ impl Drop for Canvas {
 }
 
 impl Canvas {
-    pub fn create() -> Result<Self, RootOE> {
-        let window =
-            web_sys::window().ok_or(os_error!(OsError("Failed to obtain window".to_owned())))?;
+    pub fn create(attr: PlatformSpecificWindowBuilderAttributes) -> Result<Self, RootOE> {
+        let canvas = match attr.canvas {
+            Some(canvas) => canvas,
+            None => {
+                let window = web_sys::window()
+                    .ok_or(os_error!(OsError("Failed to obtain window".to_owned())))?;
 
-        let document = window
-            .document()
-            .ok_or(os_error!(OsError("Failed to obtain document".to_owned())))?;
+                let document = window
+                    .document()
+                    .ok_or(os_error!(OsError("Failed to obtain document".to_owned())))?;
 
-        let canvas: HtmlCanvasElement = document
-            .create_element("canvas")
-            .map_err(|_| os_error!(OsError("Failed to create canvas element".to_owned())))?
-            .unchecked_into();
+                document
+                    .create_element("canvas")
+                    .map_err(|_| os_error!(OsError("Failed to create canvas element".to_owned())))?
+                    .unchecked_into()
+            }
+        };
 
         // A tabindex is needed in order to capture local keyboard events.
         // A "0" value means that the element should be focusable in
@@ -72,6 +81,7 @@ impl Canvas {
             on_mouse_wheel: None,
             on_fullscreen_change: None,
             wants_fullscreen: Rc::new(RefCell::new(false)),
+            on_dark_mode: None,
         })
     }
 
@@ -216,7 +226,7 @@ impl Canvas {
 
     pub fn on_cursor_move<F>(&mut self, mut handler: F)
     where
-        F: 'static + FnMut(i32, PhysicalPosition<i32>, ModifiersState),
+        F: 'static + FnMut(i32, PhysicalPosition<f64>, ModifiersState),
     {
         self.on_cursor_move = Some(self.add_event("pointermove", move |event: PointerEvent| {
             handler(
@@ -246,6 +256,28 @@ impl Canvas {
             Some(self.add_event("fullscreenchange", move |_: Event| handler()));
     }
 
+    pub fn on_dark_mode<F>(&mut self, mut handler: F)
+    where
+        F: 'static + FnMut(bool),
+    {
+        let window = web_sys::window().expect("Failed to obtain window");
+
+        self.on_dark_mode = window
+            .match_media("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)")
+            .ok()
+            .flatten()
+            .and_then(|media| {
+                let closure = Closure::wrap(Box::new(move |event: MediaQueryListEvent| {
+                    handler(event.matches())
+                }) as Box<dyn FnMut(_)>);
+
+                media
+                    .add_listener_with_opt_callback(Some(&closure.as_ref().unchecked_ref()))
+                    .map(|_| closure)
+                    .ok()
+            });
+    }
+
     fn add_event<E, F>(&self, event_name: &str, mut handler: F) -> Closure<dyn FnMut(E)>
     where
         E: 'static + AsRef<web_sys::Event> + wasm_bindgen::convert::FromWasmAbi,

src/platform_impl/web/web_sys/mod.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ mod event;
 mod timeout;
 
 pub use self::canvas::Canvas;
-pub use self::timeout::Timeout;
+pub use self::timeout::{AnimationFrameRequest, Timeout};
 
 use crate::dpi::{LogicalSize, Size};
 use crate::platform::web::WindowExtWebSys;
@@ -38,6 +38,17 @@ impl WindowExtWebSys for Window {
     fn canvas(&self) -> HtmlCanvasElement {
         self.window.canvas().raw().clone()
     }
+
+    fn is_dark_mode(&self) -> bool {
+        let window = web_sys::window().expect("Failed to obtain window");
+
+        window
+            .match_media("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)")
+            .ok()
+            .flatten()
+            .map(|media| media.matches())
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+    }
 }
 
 pub fn window_size() -> LogicalSize<f64> {
@@ -91,3 +102,5 @@ pub fn is_fullscreen(canvas: &HtmlCanvasElement) -> bool {
         None => false,
     }
 }
+
+pub type RawCanvasType = HtmlCanvasElement;

src/platform_impl/web/web_sys/timeout.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+use std::cell::Cell;
+use std::rc::Rc;
 use std::time::Duration;
 use wasm_bindgen::closure::Closure;
 use wasm_bindgen::JsCast;
@@ -38,3 +40,48 @@ impl Drop for Timeout {
         window.clear_timeout_with_handle(self.handle);
     }
 }
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct AnimationFrameRequest {
+    handle: i32,
+    // track callback state, because `cancelAnimationFrame` is slow
+    fired: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
+    _closure: Closure<dyn FnMut()>,
+}
+
+impl AnimationFrameRequest {
+    pub fn new<F>(mut f: F) -> AnimationFrameRequest
+    where
+        F: 'static + FnMut(),
+    {
+        let window = web_sys::window().expect("Failed to obtain window");
+
+        let fired = Rc::new(Cell::new(false));
+        let c_fired = fired.clone();
+        let closure = Closure::wrap(Box::new(move || {
+            (*c_fired).set(true);
+            f();
+        }) as Box<dyn FnMut()>);
+
+        let handle = window
+            .request_animation_frame(&closure.as_ref().unchecked_ref())
+            .expect("Failed to request animation frame");
+
+        AnimationFrameRequest {
+            handle,
+            fired,
+            _closure: closure,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for AnimationFrameRequest {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        if !(*self.fired).get() {
+            let window = web_sys::window().expect("Failed to obtain window");
+            window
+                .cancel_animation_frame(self.handle)
+                .expect("Failed to cancel animation frame");
+        }
+    }
+}

src/platform_impl/web/window.rs

@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ impl Window {
     pub fn new<T>(
         target: &EventLoopWindowTarget<T>,
         attr: WindowAttributes,
-        _: PlatformSpecificBuilderAttributes,
+        platform_attr: PlatformSpecificBuilderAttributes,
     ) -> Result<Self, RootOE> {
         let runner = target.runner.clone();
 
         let id = target.generate_id();
 
-        let mut canvas = backend::Canvas::create()?;
+        let mut canvas = backend::Canvas::create(platform_attr)?;
 
         let register_redraw_request = Box::new(move || runner.request_redraw(RootWI(id)));
 
@@ -281,5 +281,7 @@ impl Id {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Default, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
-pub struct PlatformSpecificBuilderAttributes;
+#[derive(Default, Clone)]
+pub struct PlatformSpecificBuilderAttributes {
+    pub(crate) canvas: Option<backend::RawCanvasType>,
+}

src/platform_impl/windows/dark_mode.rs

@@ -6,9 +6,10 @@ use std::os::windows::ffi::OsStrExt;
 use winapi::{
     shared::{
         basetsd::SIZE_T,
-        minwindef::{BOOL, DWORD, UINT, ULONG, WORD},
+        minwindef::{BOOL, DWORD, FALSE, UINT, ULONG, WORD},
         ntdef::{LPSTR, NTSTATUS, NT_SUCCESS, PVOID, WCHAR},
         windef::HWND,
+        winerror::S_OK,
     },
     um::{libloaderapi, uxtheme, winuser},
 };
@@ -44,9 +45,8 @@ lazy_static! {
                 };
 
                 let status = (rtl_get_version)(&mut vi as _);
-                assert!(NT_SUCCESS(status));
 
-                if vi.dwMajorVersion == 10 && vi.dwMinorVersion == 0 {
+                if NT_SUCCESS(status) && vi.dwMajorVersion == 10 && vi.dwMinorVersion == 0 {
                     Some(vi.dwBuildNumber)
                 } else {
                     None
@@ -82,22 +82,15 @@ pub fn try_dark_mode(hwnd: HWND) -> bool {
             LIGHT_THEME_NAME.as_ptr()
         };
 
-        unsafe {
-            assert_eq!(
-                0,
-                uxtheme::SetWindowTheme(hwnd, theme_name as _, std::ptr::null())
-            );
+        let status = unsafe { uxtheme::SetWindowTheme(hwnd, theme_name as _, std::ptr::null()) };
 
-            set_dark_mode_for_window(hwnd, is_dark_mode)
-        }
-
-        is_dark_mode
+        status == S_OK && set_dark_mode_for_window(hwnd, is_dark_mode)
     } else {
         false
     }
 }
 
-fn set_dark_mode_for_window(hwnd: HWND, is_dark_mode: bool) {
+fn set_dark_mode_for_window(hwnd: HWND, is_dark_mode: bool) -> bool {
     // Uses Windows undocumented API SetWindowCompositionAttribute,
     // as seen in win32-darkmode example linked at top of file.
 
@@ -132,11 +125,12 @@ fn set_dark_mode_for_window(hwnd: HWND, is_dark_mode: bool) {
                 cbData: std::mem::size_of_val(&is_dark_mode_bigbool) as _,
             };
 
-            assert_eq!(
-                1,
-                set_window_composition_attribute(hwnd, &mut data as *mut _)
-            );
+            let status = set_window_composition_attribute(hwnd, &mut data as *mut _);
+
+            status != FALSE
         }
+    } else {
+        false
     }
 }
 
@@ -205,7 +199,7 @@ fn is_high_contrast() -> bool {
         )
     };
 
-    (ok > 0) && ((HCF_HIGHCONTRASTON & hc.dwFlags) == 1)
+    ok != FALSE && (HCF_HIGHCONTRASTON & hc.dwFlags) == 1
 }
 
 fn widestring(src: &'static str) -> Vec<u16> {

src/platform_impl/windows/event_loop/runner.rs

@@ -1,420 +1,410 @@
-use std::{any::Any, cell::RefCell, collections::VecDeque, mem, panic, ptr, rc::Rc, time::Instant};
+use std::{
+    any::Any,
+    cell::{Cell, RefCell},
+    collections::{HashSet, VecDeque},
+    mem, panic, ptr,
+    rc::Rc,
+    time::Instant,
+};
 
-use winapi::{shared::windef::HWND, um::winuser};
+use winapi::{
+    shared::{minwindef::DWORD, windef::HWND},
+    um::winuser,
+};
 
 use crate::{
-    event::{Event, StartCause},
+    dpi::PhysicalSize,
+    event::{Event, StartCause, WindowEvent},
     event_loop::ControlFlow,
-    platform_impl::platform::event_loop::EventLoop,
+    platform_impl::platform::util,
     window::WindowId,
 };
 
-pub(crate) type EventLoopRunnerShared<T> = Rc<ELRShared<T>>;
-pub(crate) struct ELRShared<T: 'static> {
-    runner: RefCell<Option<EventLoopRunner<T>>>,
-    buffer: RefCell<VecDeque<Event<'static, T>>>,
-    redraw_buffer: Rc<RefCell<VecDeque<WindowId>>>,
-}
-struct EventLoopRunner<T: 'static> {
-    control_flow: ControlFlow,
-    runner_state: RunnerState,
-    modal_redraw_window: HWND,
-    in_modal_loop: bool,
-    event_handler: Box<dyn FnMut(Event<'_, T>, &mut ControlFlow)>,
-    panic_error: Option<PanicError>,
-    redraw_buffer: Rc<RefCell<VecDeque<WindowId>>>,
+pub(crate) type EventLoopRunnerShared<T> = Rc<EventLoopRunner<T>>;
+pub(crate) struct EventLoopRunner<T: 'static> {
+    // The event loop's win32 handles
+    thread_msg_target: HWND,
+    wait_thread_id: DWORD,
+
+    control_flow: Cell<ControlFlow>,
+    runner_state: Cell<RunnerState>,
+    last_events_cleared: Cell<Instant>,
+
+    event_handler: Cell<Option<Box<dyn FnMut(Event<'_, T>, &mut ControlFlow)>>>,
+    event_buffer: RefCell<VecDeque<BufferedEvent<T>>>,
+
+    owned_windows: Cell<HashSet<HWND>>,
+
+    panic_error: Cell<Option<PanicError>>,
 }
+
 pub type PanicError = Box<dyn Any + Send + 'static>;
 
-impl<T> ELRShared<T> {
-    pub(crate) fn new() -> ELRShared<T> {
-        ELRShared {
-            runner: RefCell::new(None),
-            buffer: RefCell::new(VecDeque::new()),
-            redraw_buffer: Default::default(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) unsafe fn set_runner<F>(&self, event_loop: &EventLoop<T>, f: F)
-    where
-        F: FnMut(Event<'_, T>, &mut ControlFlow),
-    {
-        let mut runner = EventLoopRunner::new(event_loop, self.redraw_buffer.clone(), f);
-        {
-            let mut runner_ref = self.runner.borrow_mut();
-            loop {
-                let event = self.buffer.borrow_mut().pop_front();
-                match event {
-                    Some(e) => {
-                        runner.process_event(e);
-                    }
-                    None => break,
-                }
-            }
-            *runner_ref = Some(runner);
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn destroy_runner(&self) {
-        *self.runner.borrow_mut() = None;
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn new_events(&self) {
-        let mut runner_ref = self.runner.borrow_mut();
-        if let Some(ref mut runner) = *runner_ref {
-            runner.new_events();
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) unsafe fn send_event(&self, event: Event<'static, T>) {
-        if let Err(event) = self.send_event_unbuffered(event) {
-            // If the runner is already borrowed, we're in the middle of an event loop invocation. Add
-            // the event to a buffer to be processed later.
-            self.buffer_event(event);
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) unsafe fn send_event_unbuffered<'e>(
-        &self,
-        event: Event<'e, T>,
-    ) -> Result<(), Event<'e, T>> {
-        if let Ok(mut runner_ref) = self.runner.try_borrow_mut() {
-            if let Some(ref mut runner) = *runner_ref {
-                runner.process_event(event);
-
-                // Dispatch any events that were buffered during the call to `process_event`.
-                loop {
-                    // We do this instead of using a `while let` loop because if we use a `while let`
-                    // loop the reference returned `borrow_mut()` doesn't get dropped until the end
-                    // of the loop's body and attempts to add events to the event buffer while in
-                    // `process_event` will fail.
-                    let buffered_event_opt = self.buffer.borrow_mut().pop_front();
-                    match buffered_event_opt {
-                        Some(event) => runner.process_event(event),
-                        None => break,
-                    }
-                }
-
-                return Ok(());
-            }
-        }
-
-        Err(event)
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) unsafe fn call_event_handler(&self, event: Event<'static, T>) {
-        if let Ok(mut runner_ref) = self.runner.try_borrow_mut() {
-            if let Some(ref mut runner) = *runner_ref {
-                runner.call_event_handler(event);
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn events_cleared(&self) {
-        let mut runner_ref = self.runner.borrow_mut();
-        if let Some(ref mut runner) = *runner_ref {
-            runner.events_cleared();
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn take_panic_error(&self) -> Result<(), PanicError> {
-        let mut runner_ref = self.runner.borrow_mut();
-        if let Some(ref mut runner) = *runner_ref {
-            runner.take_panic_error()
-        } else {
-            Ok(())
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn set_modal_loop(&self, in_modal_loop: bool) {
-        let mut runner_ref = self.runner.borrow_mut();
-        if let Some(ref mut runner) = *runner_ref {
-            runner.in_modal_loop = in_modal_loop;
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn in_modal_loop(&self) -> bool {
-        let runner = self.runner.borrow();
-        if let Some(ref runner) = *runner {
-            runner.in_modal_loop
-        } else {
-            false
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn control_flow(&self) -> ControlFlow {
-        let runner_ref = self.runner.borrow();
-        if let Some(ref runner) = *runner_ref {
-            runner.control_flow
-        } else {
-            ControlFlow::Exit
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn buffer_event(&self, event: Event<'static, T>) {
-        match event {
-            Event::RedrawRequested(window_id) => {
-                self.redraw_buffer.borrow_mut().push_back(window_id)
-            }
-            _ => self.buffer.borrow_mut().push_back(event),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+/// See `move_state_to` function for details on how the state loop works.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 enum RunnerState {
     /// The event loop has just been created, and an `Init` event must be sent.
-    New,
-    /// The event loop is idling, and began idling at the given instant.
-    Idle(Instant),
-    /// The event loop has received a signal from the OS that the loop may resume, but no winit
-    /// events have been generated yet. We're waiting for an event to be processed or the events
-    /// to be marked as cleared to send `NewEvents`, depending on the current `ControlFlow`.
-    DeferredNewEvents(Instant),
+    Uninitialized,
+    /// The event loop is idling.
+    Idle,
     /// The event loop is handling the OS's events and sending them to the user's callback.
-    /// `NewEvents` has been sent, and `EventsCleared` hasn't.
-    HandlingEvents,
-    HandlingRedraw,
+    /// `NewEvents` has been sent, and `MainEventsCleared` hasn't.
+    HandlingMainEvents,
+    /// The event loop is handling the redraw events and sending them to the user's callback.
+    /// `MainEventsCleared` has been sent, and `RedrawEventsCleared` hasn't.
+    HandlingRedrawEvents,
+}
+
+enum BufferedEvent<T: 'static> {
+    Event(Event<'static, T>),
+    ScaleFactorChanged(WindowId, f64, PhysicalSize<u32>),
 }
 
 impl<T> EventLoopRunner<T> {
-    unsafe fn new<F>(
-        event_loop: &EventLoop<T>,
-        redraw_buffer: Rc<RefCell<VecDeque<WindowId>>>,
-        f: F,
-    ) -> EventLoopRunner<T>
-    where
-        F: FnMut(Event<'_, T>, &mut ControlFlow),
-    {
+    pub(crate) fn new(thread_msg_target: HWND, wait_thread_id: DWORD) -> EventLoopRunner<T> {
         EventLoopRunner {
-            control_flow: ControlFlow::default(),
-            runner_state: RunnerState::New,
-            in_modal_loop: false,
-            modal_redraw_window: event_loop.window_target.p.thread_msg_target,
-            event_handler: mem::transmute::<
-                Box<dyn FnMut(Event<'_, T>, &mut ControlFlow)>,
-                Box<dyn FnMut(Event<'_, T>, &mut ControlFlow)>,
-            >(Box::new(f)),
-            panic_error: None,
-            redraw_buffer,
+            thread_msg_target,
+            wait_thread_id,
+            runner_state: Cell::new(RunnerState::Uninitialized),
+            control_flow: Cell::new(ControlFlow::Poll),
+            panic_error: Cell::new(None),
+            last_events_cleared: Cell::new(Instant::now()),
+            event_handler: Cell::new(None),
+            event_buffer: RefCell::new(VecDeque::new()),
+            owned_windows: Cell::new(HashSet::new()),
         }
     }
 
-    fn take_panic_error(&mut self) -> Result<(), PanicError> {
+    pub(crate) unsafe fn set_event_handler<F>(&self, f: F)
+    where
+        F: FnMut(Event<'_, T>, &mut ControlFlow),
+    {
+        let old_event_handler = self.event_handler.replace(mem::transmute::<
+            Option<Box<dyn FnMut(Event<'_, T>, &mut ControlFlow)>>,
+            Option<Box<dyn FnMut(Event<'_, T>, &mut ControlFlow)>>,
+        >(Some(Box::new(f))));
+        assert!(old_event_handler.is_none());
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn reset_runner(&self) {
+        let EventLoopRunner {
+            thread_msg_target: _,
+            wait_thread_id: _,
+            runner_state,
+            panic_error,
+            control_flow,
+            last_events_cleared: _,
+            event_handler,
+            event_buffer: _,
+            owned_windows: _,
+        } = self;
+        runner_state.set(RunnerState::Uninitialized);
+        panic_error.set(None);
+        control_flow.set(ControlFlow::Poll);
+        event_handler.set(None);
+    }
+}
+
+/// State retrieval functions.
+impl<T> EventLoopRunner<T> {
+    pub fn thread_msg_target(&self) -> HWND {
+        self.thread_msg_target
+    }
+
+    pub fn wait_thread_id(&self) -> DWORD {
+        self.wait_thread_id
+    }
+
+    pub fn redrawing(&self) -> bool {
+        self.runner_state.get() == RunnerState::HandlingRedrawEvents
+    }
+
+    pub fn take_panic_error(&self) -> Result<(), PanicError> {
         match self.panic_error.take() {
             Some(err) => Err(err),
             None => Ok(()),
         }
     }
 
-    fn new_events(&mut self) {
-        self.runner_state = match self.runner_state {
-            // If we're already handling events or have deferred `NewEvents`, we don't need to do
-            // do any processing.
-            RunnerState::HandlingEvents
-            | RunnerState::HandlingRedraw
-            | RunnerState::DeferredNewEvents(..) => self.runner_state,
-
-            // Send the `Init` `NewEvents` and immediately move into event processing.
-            RunnerState::New => {
-                self.call_event_handler(Event::NewEvents(StartCause::Init));
-                RunnerState::HandlingEvents
-            }
-
-            // When `NewEvents` gets sent after an idle depends on the control flow...
-            RunnerState::Idle(wait_start) => {
-                match self.control_flow {
-                    // If we're polling, send `NewEvents` and immediately move into event processing.
-                    ControlFlow::Poll => {
-                        self.call_event_handler(Event::NewEvents(StartCause::Poll));
-                        RunnerState::HandlingEvents
-                    },
-                    // If the user was waiting until a specific time, the `NewEvents` call gets sent
-                    // at varying times depending on the current time.
-                    ControlFlow::WaitUntil(resume_time) => {
-                        match Instant::now() >= resume_time {
-                            // If the current time is later than the requested resume time, we can tell the
-                            // user that the resume time has been reached with `NewEvents` and immdiately move
-                            // into event processing.
-                            true => {
-                                self.call_event_handler(Event::NewEvents(StartCause::ResumeTimeReached {
-                                    start: wait_start,
-                                    requested_resume: resume_time,
-                                }));
-                                RunnerState::HandlingEvents
-                            },
-                            // However, if the current time is EARLIER than the requested resume time, we
-                            // don't want to send the `WaitCancelled` event until we know an event is being
-                            // sent. Defer.
-                            false => RunnerState::DeferredNewEvents(wait_start)
-                        }
-                    },
-                    // If we're waiting, `NewEvents` doesn't get sent until winit gets an event, so
-                    // we defer.
-                    ControlFlow::Wait |
-                    // `Exit` shouldn't really ever get sent here, but if it does do something somewhat sane.
-                    ControlFlow::Exit => RunnerState::DeferredNewEvents(wait_start),
-                }
-            }
-        };
+    pub fn control_flow(&self) -> ControlFlow {
+        self.control_flow.get()
     }
 
-    fn process_event(&mut self, event: Event<'_, T>) {
-        // If we're in the modal loop, we need to have some mechanism for finding when the event
-        // queue has been cleared so we can call `events_cleared`. Windows doesn't give any utilities
-        // for doing this, but it DOES guarantee that WM_PAINT will only occur after input events have
-        // been processed. So, we send WM_PAINT to a dummy window which calls `events_cleared` when
-        // the events queue has been emptied.
-        if self.in_modal_loop {
-            unsafe {
-                winuser::RedrawWindow(
-                    self.modal_redraw_window,
-                    ptr::null(),
-                    ptr::null_mut(),
-                    winuser::RDW_INTERNALPAINT,
-                );
-            }
-        }
+    pub fn handling_events(&self) -> bool {
+        self.runner_state.get() != RunnerState::Idle
+    }
 
-        // If new event processing has to be done (i.e. call NewEvents or defer), do it. If we're
-        // already in processing nothing happens with this call.
-        self.new_events();
+    pub fn should_buffer(&self) -> bool {
+        let handler = self.event_handler.take();
+        let should_buffer = handler.is_none();
+        self.event_handler.set(handler);
+        should_buffer
+    }
+}
 
-        // Now that an event has been received, we have to send any `NewEvents` calls that were
-        // deferred.
-        if let RunnerState::DeferredNewEvents(wait_start) = self.runner_state {
-            match self.control_flow {
-                ControlFlow::Exit | ControlFlow::Wait => {
-                    self.call_event_handler(Event::NewEvents(StartCause::WaitCancelled {
-                        start: wait_start,
-                        requested_resume: None,
-                    }))
+/// Misc. functions
+impl<T> EventLoopRunner<T> {
+    pub fn catch_unwind<R>(&self, f: impl FnOnce() -> R) -> Option<R> {
+        let panic_error = self.panic_error.take();
+        if panic_error.is_none() {
+            let result = panic::catch_unwind(panic::AssertUnwindSafe(f));
+
+            // Check to see if the panic error was set in a re-entrant call to catch_unwind inside
+            // of `f`. If it was, that error takes priority. If it wasn't, check if our call to
+            // catch_unwind caught any panics and set panic_error appropriately.
+            match self.panic_error.take() {
+                None => match result {
+                    Ok(r) => Some(r),
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        self.panic_error.set(Some(e));
+                        None
+                    }
+                },
+                Some(e) => {
+                    self.panic_error.set(Some(e));
+                    None
                 }
-                ControlFlow::WaitUntil(resume_time) => {
-                    let start_cause = match Instant::now() >= resume_time {
-                        // If the current time is later than the requested resume time, the resume time
-                        // has been reached.
-                        true => StartCause::ResumeTimeReached {
-                            start: wait_start,
-                            requested_resume: resume_time,
-                        },
-                        // Otherwise, the requested resume time HASN'T been reached and we send a WaitCancelled.
-                        false => StartCause::WaitCancelled {
-                            start: wait_start,
-                            requested_resume: Some(resume_time),
-                        },
-                    };
-                    self.call_event_handler(Event::NewEvents(start_cause));
-                }
-                // This can be reached if the control flow is changed to poll during a `RedrawRequested`
-                // that was sent after `EventsCleared`.
-                ControlFlow::Poll => self.call_event_handler(Event::NewEvents(StartCause::Poll)),
             }
+        } else {
+            self.panic_error.set(panic_error);
+            None
         }
+    }
+    pub fn register_window(&self, window: HWND) {
+        let mut owned_windows = self.owned_windows.take();
+        owned_windows.insert(window);
+        self.owned_windows.set(owned_windows);
+    }
 
-        match (self.runner_state, &event) {
-            (RunnerState::HandlingRedraw, Event::RedrawRequested(_)) => {
-                self.call_event_handler(event)
+    pub fn remove_window(&self, window: HWND) {
+        let mut owned_windows = self.owned_windows.take();
+        owned_windows.remove(&window);
+        self.owned_windows.set(owned_windows);
+    }
+
+    pub fn owned_windows(&self, mut f: impl FnMut(HWND)) {
+        let mut owned_windows = self.owned_windows.take();
+        for hwnd in &owned_windows {
+            f(*hwnd);
+        }
+        let new_owned_windows = self.owned_windows.take();
+        owned_windows.extend(&new_owned_windows);
+        self.owned_windows.set(owned_windows);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Event dispatch functions.
+impl<T> EventLoopRunner<T> {
+    pub(crate) unsafe fn poll(&self) {
+        self.move_state_to(RunnerState::HandlingMainEvents);
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) unsafe fn send_event(&self, event: Event<'_, T>) {
+        if let Event::RedrawRequested(_) = event {
+            if self.runner_state.get() != RunnerState::HandlingRedrawEvents {
+                warn!("RedrawRequested dispatched without explicit MainEventsCleared");
+                self.move_state_to(RunnerState::HandlingRedrawEvents);
             }
-            (_, Event::RedrawRequested(_)) => {
-                self.call_event_handler(Event::MainEventsCleared);
-                self.runner_state = RunnerState::HandlingRedraw;
-                self.call_event_handler(event);
-            }
-            (RunnerState::HandlingRedraw, _) => {
-                warn!("Non-redraw event dispatched durning redraw phase");
-                self.events_cleared();
-                self.new_events();
-                self.call_event_handler(event);
-            }
-            (_, _) => {
-                self.runner_state = RunnerState::HandlingEvents;
+            self.call_event_handler(event);
+        } else {
+            if self.should_buffer() {
+                // If the runner is already borrowed, we're in the middle of an event loop invocation. Add
+                // the event to a buffer to be processed later.
+                self.event_buffer
+                    .borrow_mut()
+                    .push_back(BufferedEvent::from_event(event))
+            } else {
+                self.move_state_to(RunnerState::HandlingMainEvents);
                 self.call_event_handler(event);
+                self.dispatch_buffered_events();
             }
         }
     }
 
-    fn flush_redraws(&mut self) {
+    pub(crate) unsafe fn main_events_cleared(&self) {
+        self.move_state_to(RunnerState::HandlingRedrawEvents);
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) unsafe fn redraw_events_cleared(&self) {
+        self.move_state_to(RunnerState::Idle);
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) unsafe fn call_event_handler(&self, event: Event<'_, T>) {
+        self.catch_unwind(|| {
+            let mut control_flow = self.control_flow.take();
+            let mut event_handler = self.event_handler.take()
+                .expect("either event handler is re-entrant (likely), or no event handler is registered (very unlikely)");
+
+            if control_flow != ControlFlow::Exit {
+                event_handler(event, &mut control_flow);
+            } else {
+                event_handler(event, &mut ControlFlow::Exit);
+            }
+
+            assert!(self.event_handler.replace(Some(event_handler)).is_none());
+            self.control_flow.set(control_flow);
+        });
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn dispatch_buffered_events(&self) {
         loop {
-            let redraw_window_opt = self.redraw_buffer.borrow_mut().pop_front();
-            match redraw_window_opt {
-                Some(window_id) => self.process_event(Event::RedrawRequested(window_id)),
+            // We do this instead of using a `while let` loop because if we use a `while let`
+            // loop the reference returned `borrow_mut()` doesn't get dropped until the end
+            // of the loop's body and attempts to add events to the event buffer while in
+            // `process_event` will fail.
+            let buffered_event_opt = self.event_buffer.borrow_mut().pop_front();
+            match buffered_event_opt {
+                Some(e) => e.dispatch_event(|e| self.call_event_handler(e)),
                 None => break,
             }
         }
     }
 
-    fn events_cleared(&mut self) {
-        match self.runner_state {
-            // If we were handling events, send the EventsCleared message.
-            RunnerState::HandlingEvents => {
+    /// Dispatch control flow events (`NewEvents`, `MainEventsCleared`, and `RedrawEventsCleared`) as
+    /// necessary to bring the internal `RunnerState` to the new runner state.
+    ///
+    /// The state transitions are defined as follows:
+    ///
+    /// ```text
+    ///    Uninitialized
+    ///          |
+    ///          V
+    ///  HandlingMainEvents
+    ///   ^            |
+    ///   |            V
+    /// Idle <--- HandlingRedrawEvents
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    /// Attempting to transition back to `Uninitialized` will result in a panic. Transitioning to
+    /// the current state is a no-op. Even if the `new_runner_state` isn't the immediate next state
+    /// in the runner state machine (e.g. `self.runner_state == HandlingMainEvents` and
+    /// `new_runner_state == Idle`), the intermediate state transitions will still be executed.
+    unsafe fn move_state_to(&self, new_runner_state: RunnerState) {
+        use RunnerState::{HandlingMainEvents, HandlingRedrawEvents, Idle, Uninitialized};
+
+        match (
+            self.runner_state.replace(new_runner_state),
+            new_runner_state,
+        ) {
+            (Uninitialized, Uninitialized)
+            | (Idle, Idle)
+            | (HandlingMainEvents, HandlingMainEvents)
+            | (HandlingRedrawEvents, HandlingRedrawEvents) => (),
+
+            // State transitions that initialize the event loop.
+            (Uninitialized, HandlingMainEvents) => {
+                self.call_new_events(true);
+            }
+            (Uninitialized, HandlingRedrawEvents) => {
+                self.call_new_events(true);
+                self.call_event_handler(Event::MainEventsCleared);
+            }
+            (Uninitialized, Idle) => {
+                self.call_new_events(true);
+                self.call_event_handler(Event::MainEventsCleared);
+                self.call_redraw_events_cleared();
+            }
+            (_, Uninitialized) => panic!("cannot move state to Uninitialized"),
+
+            // State transitions that start the event handling process.
+            (Idle, HandlingMainEvents) => {
+                self.call_new_events(false);
+            }
+            (Idle, HandlingRedrawEvents) => {
+                self.call_new_events(false);
                 self.call_event_handler(Event::MainEventsCleared);
-                self.flush_redraws();
-                self.call_event_handler(Event::RedrawEventsCleared);
-                self.runner_state = RunnerState::Idle(Instant::now());
             }
 
-            RunnerState::HandlingRedraw => {
-                self.call_event_handler(Event::RedrawEventsCleared);
-                self.runner_state = RunnerState::Idle(Instant::now());
+            (HandlingMainEvents, HandlingRedrawEvents) => {
+                self.call_event_handler(Event::MainEventsCleared);
+            }
+            (HandlingMainEvents, Idle) => {
+                warn!("RedrawEventsCleared emitted without explicit MainEventsCleared");
+                self.call_event_handler(Event::MainEventsCleared);
+                self.call_redraw_events_cleared();
             }
 
-            // If we *weren't* handling events, we don't have to do anything.
-            RunnerState::New | RunnerState::Idle(..) => (),
-
-            // Some control flows require a NewEvents call even if no events were received. This
-            // branch handles those.
-            RunnerState::DeferredNewEvents(wait_start) => {
-                match self.control_flow {
-                    // If we had deferred a Poll, send the Poll NewEvents and EventsCleared.
-                    ControlFlow::Poll => {
-                        self.call_event_handler(Event::NewEvents(StartCause::Poll));
-                        self.call_event_handler(Event::MainEventsCleared);
-                        self.flush_redraws();
-                        self.call_event_handler(Event::RedrawEventsCleared);
-                    }
-                    // If we had deferred a WaitUntil and the resume time has since been reached,
-                    // send the resume notification and EventsCleared event.
-                    ControlFlow::WaitUntil(resume_time) => {
-                        if Instant::now() >= resume_time {
-                            self.call_event_handler(Event::NewEvents(
-                                StartCause::ResumeTimeReached {
-                                    start: wait_start,
-                                    requested_resume: resume_time,
-                                },
-                            ));
-                            self.call_event_handler(Event::MainEventsCleared);
-                            self.flush_redraws();
-                            self.call_event_handler(Event::RedrawEventsCleared);
-                        }
-                    }
-                    // If we deferred a wait and no events were received, the user doesn't have to
-                    // get an event.
-                    ControlFlow::Wait | ControlFlow::Exit => (),
-                }
-                // Mark that we've entered an idle state.
-                self.runner_state = RunnerState::Idle(wait_start)
+            (HandlingRedrawEvents, Idle) => {
+                self.call_redraw_events_cleared();
+            }
+            (HandlingRedrawEvents, HandlingMainEvents) => {
+                warn!("NewEvents emitted without explicit RedrawEventsCleared");
+                self.call_redraw_events_cleared();
+                self.call_new_events(false);
             }
         }
     }
 
-    fn call_event_handler(&mut self, event: Event<'_, T>) {
-        if self.panic_error.is_none() {
-            let EventLoopRunner {
-                ref mut panic_error,
-                ref mut event_handler,
-                ref mut control_flow,
-                ..
-            } = self;
-            *panic_error = panic::catch_unwind(panic::AssertUnwindSafe(|| {
-                if *control_flow != ControlFlow::Exit {
-                    (*event_handler)(event, control_flow);
+    unsafe fn call_new_events(&self, init: bool) {
+        let start_cause = match (init, self.control_flow()) {
+            (true, _) => StartCause::Init,
+            (false, ControlFlow::Poll) => StartCause::Poll,
+            (false, ControlFlow::Exit) | (false, ControlFlow::Wait) => StartCause::WaitCancelled {
+                requested_resume: None,
+                start: self.last_events_cleared.get(),
+            },
+            (false, ControlFlow::WaitUntil(requested_resume)) => {
+                if Instant::now() < requested_resume {
+                    StartCause::WaitCancelled {
+                        requested_resume: Some(requested_resume),
+                        start: self.last_events_cleared.get(),
+                    }
                 } else {
-                    (*event_handler)(event, &mut ControlFlow::Exit);
+                    StartCause::ResumeTimeReached {
+                        requested_resume,
+                        start: self.last_events_cleared.get(),
+                    }
                 }
-            }))
-            .err();
+            }
+        };
+        self.call_event_handler(Event::NewEvents(start_cause));
+        self.dispatch_buffered_events();
+        winuser::RedrawWindow(
+            self.thread_msg_target,
+            ptr::null(),
+            ptr::null_mut(),
+            winuser::RDW_INTERNALPAINT,
+        );
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn call_redraw_events_cleared(&self) {
+        self.call_event_handler(Event::RedrawEventsCleared);
+        self.last_events_cleared.set(Instant::now());
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T> BufferedEvent<T> {
+    pub fn from_event(event: Event<'_, T>) -> BufferedEvent<T> {
+        match event {
+            Event::WindowEvent {
+                event:
+                    WindowEvent::ScaleFactorChanged {
+                        scale_factor,
+                        new_inner_size,
+                    },
+                window_id,
+            } => BufferedEvent::ScaleFactorChanged(window_id, scale_factor, *new_inner_size),
+            event => BufferedEvent::Event(event.to_static().unwrap()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn dispatch_event(self, dispatch: impl FnOnce(Event<'_, T>)) {
+        match self {
+            Self::Event(event) => dispatch(event),
+            Self::ScaleFactorChanged(window_id, scale_factor, mut new_inner_size) => {
+                dispatch(Event::WindowEvent {
+                    window_id,
+                    event: WindowEvent::ScaleFactorChanged {
+                        scale_factor,
+                        new_inner_size: &mut new_inner_size,
+                    },
+                });
+                util::set_inner_size_physical(
+                    (window_id.0).0,
+                    new_inner_size.width as _,
+                    new_inner_size.height as _,
+                );
+            }
         }
     }
 }

src/platform_impl/windows/icon.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
-use std::{io, mem, os::windows::ffi::OsStrExt, path::Path, ptr};
+use std::{fmt, io, iter::once, mem, os::windows::ffi::OsStrExt, path::Path, ptr, sync::Arc};
 
 use winapi::{
     ctypes::{c_int, wchar_t},
     shared::{
-        minwindef::{BYTE, LPARAM, WPARAM},
+        minwindef::{BYTE, LPARAM, WORD, WPARAM},
         windef::{HICON, HWND},
     },
+    um::libloaderapi,
     um::winuser,
 };
 
-use crate::icon::{Icon, Pixel, PIXEL_SIZE};
+use crate::dpi::PhysicalSize;
+use crate::icon::*;
 
 impl Pixel {
     fn to_bgra(&mut self) {
@@ -17,92 +19,149 @@ impl Pixel {
     }
 }
 
+impl RgbaIcon {
+    fn into_windows_icon(self) -> Result<WinIcon, BadIcon> {
+        let mut rgba = self.rgba;
+        let pixel_count = rgba.len() / PIXEL_SIZE;
+        let mut and_mask = Vec::with_capacity(pixel_count);
+        let pixels =
+            unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(rgba.as_mut_ptr() as *mut Pixel, pixel_count) };
+        for pixel in pixels {
+            and_mask.push(pixel.a.wrapping_sub(std::u8::MAX)); // invert alpha channel
+            pixel.to_bgra();
+        }
+        assert_eq!(and_mask.len(), pixel_count);
+        let handle = unsafe {
+            winuser::CreateIcon(
+                ptr::null_mut(),
+                self.width as c_int,
+                self.height as c_int,
+                1,
+                (PIXEL_SIZE * 8) as BYTE,
+                and_mask.as_ptr() as *const BYTE,
+                rgba.as_ptr() as *const BYTE,
+            ) as HICON
+        };
+        if !handle.is_null() {
+            Ok(WinIcon::from_handle(handle))
+        } else {
+            Err(BadIcon::OsError(io::Error::last_os_error()))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum IconType {
     Small = winuser::ICON_SMALL as isize,
     Big = winuser::ICON_BIG as isize,
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct RaiiIcon {
+    handle: HICON,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct WinIcon {
-    pub handle: HICON,
+    inner: Arc<RaiiIcon>,
 }
 
 unsafe impl Send for WinIcon {}
 
 impl WinIcon {
-    #[allow(dead_code)]
-    pub fn from_path<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> Result<Self, io::Error> {
-        let wide_path: Vec<u16> = path.as_ref().as_os_str().encode_wide().collect();
+    pub fn as_raw_handle(&self) -> HICON {
+        self.inner.handle
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_path<P: AsRef<Path>>(
+        path: P,
+        size: Option<PhysicalSize<u32>>,
+    ) -> Result<Self, BadIcon> {
+        let wide_path: Vec<u16> = path
+            .as_ref()
+            .as_os_str()
+            .encode_wide()
+            .chain(once(0))
+            .collect();
+
+        // width / height of 0 along with LR_DEFAULTSIZE tells windows to load the default icon size
+        let (width, height) = size.map(Into::into).unwrap_or((0, 0));
+
         let handle = unsafe {
             winuser::LoadImageW(
                 ptr::null_mut(),
                 wide_path.as_ptr() as *const wchar_t,
                 winuser::IMAGE_ICON,
-                0, // 0 indicates that we want to use the actual width
-                0, // and height
-                winuser::LR_LOADFROMFILE,
-            ) as HICON
-        };
-        if !handle.is_null() {
-            Ok(WinIcon { handle })
-        } else {
-            Err(io::Error::last_os_error())
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn from_icon(icon: Icon) -> Result<Self, io::Error> {
-        Self::from_rgba(icon.rgba, icon.width, icon.height)
-    }
-
-    pub fn from_rgba(mut rgba: Vec<u8>, width: u32, height: u32) -> Result<Self, io::Error> {
-        assert_eq!(rgba.len() % PIXEL_SIZE, 0);
-        let pixel_count = rgba.len() / PIXEL_SIZE;
-        assert_eq!(pixel_count, (width * height) as usize);
-        let mut and_mask = Vec::with_capacity(pixel_count);
-        let pixels = rgba.as_mut_ptr() as *mut Pixel; // how not to write idiomatic Rust
-        for pixel_index in 0..pixel_count {
-            let pixel = unsafe { &mut *pixels.offset(pixel_index as isize) };
-            and_mask.push(pixel.a.wrapping_sub(std::u8::MAX)); // invert alpha channel
-            pixel.to_bgra();
-        }
-        assert_eq!(and_mask.len(), pixel_count);
-        let handle = unsafe {
-            winuser::CreateIcon(
-                ptr::null_mut(),
                 width as c_int,
                 height as c_int,
-                1,
-                (PIXEL_SIZE * 8) as BYTE,
-                and_mask.as_ptr() as *const BYTE,
-                rgba.as_ptr() as *const BYTE,
+                winuser::LR_DEFAULTSIZE | winuser::LR_LOADFROMFILE,
             ) as HICON
         };
         if !handle.is_null() {
-            Ok(WinIcon { handle })
+            Ok(WinIcon::from_handle(handle))
         } else {
-            Err(io::Error::last_os_error())
+            Err(BadIcon::OsError(io::Error::last_os_error()))
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn from_resource(
+        resource_id: WORD,
+        size: Option<PhysicalSize<u32>>,
+    ) -> Result<Self, BadIcon> {
+        // width / height of 0 along with LR_DEFAULTSIZE tells windows to load the default icon size
+        let (width, height) = size.map(Into::into).unwrap_or((0, 0));
+        let handle = unsafe {
+            winuser::LoadImageW(
+                libloaderapi::GetModuleHandleW(ptr::null_mut()),
+                winuser::MAKEINTRESOURCEW(resource_id),
+                winuser::IMAGE_ICON,
+                width as c_int,
+                height as c_int,
+                winuser::LR_DEFAULTSIZE,
+            ) as HICON
+        };
+        if !handle.is_null() {
+            Ok(WinIcon::from_handle(handle))
+        } else {
+            Err(BadIcon::OsError(io::Error::last_os_error()))
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_rgba(rgba: Vec<u8>, width: u32, height: u32) -> Result<Self, BadIcon> {
+        let rgba_icon = RgbaIcon::from_rgba(rgba, width, height)?;
+        rgba_icon.into_windows_icon()
+    }
+
     pub fn set_for_window(&self, hwnd: HWND, icon_type: IconType) {
         unsafe {
             winuser::SendMessageW(
                 hwnd,
                 winuser::WM_SETICON,
                 icon_type as WPARAM,
-                self.handle as LPARAM,
+                self.as_raw_handle() as LPARAM,
             );
         }
     }
+
+    fn from_handle(handle: HICON) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            inner: Arc::new(RaiiIcon { handle }),
+        }
+    }
 }
 
-impl Drop for WinIcon {
+impl Drop for RaiiIcon {
     fn drop(&mut self) {
         unsafe { winuser::DestroyIcon(self.handle) };
     }
 }
 
+impl fmt::Debug for WinIcon {
+    fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), fmt::Error> {
+        (*self.inner).fmt(formatter)
+    }
+}
+
 pub fn unset_for_window(hwnd: HWND, icon_type: IconType) {
     unsafe {
         winuser::SendMessageW(hwnd, winuser::WM_SETICON, icon_type as WPARAM, 0 as LPARAM);

src/platform_impl/windows/mod.rs

@@ -4,11 +4,15 @@ use winapi::{self, shared::windef::HWND};
 
 pub use self::{
     event_loop::{EventLoop, EventLoopProxy, EventLoopWindowTarget},
+    icon::WinIcon,
     monitor::{MonitorHandle, VideoMode},
     window::Window,
 };
 
-use crate::{event::DeviceId as RootDeviceId, window::Icon};
+pub use self::icon::WinIcon as PlatformIcon;
+
+use crate::event::DeviceId as RootDeviceId;
+use crate::icon::Icon;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Default)]
 pub struct PlatformSpecificWindowBuilderAttributes {

src/platform_impl/windows/util.rs

@@ -88,6 +88,38 @@ pub fn adjust_size(hwnd: HWND, size: PhysicalSize<u32>) -> PhysicalSize<u32> {
     PhysicalSize::new((rect.right - rect.left) as _, (rect.bottom - rect.top) as _)
 }
 
+pub(crate) fn set_inner_size_physical(window: HWND, x: u32, y: u32) {
+    unsafe {
+        let rect = adjust_window_rect(
+            window,
+            RECT {
+                top: 0,
+                left: 0,
+                bottom: y as LONG,
+                right: x as LONG,
+            },
+        )
+        .expect("adjust_window_rect failed");
+
+        let outer_x = (rect.right - rect.left).abs() as _;
+        let outer_y = (rect.top - rect.bottom).abs() as _;
+        winuser::SetWindowPos(
+            window,
+            ptr::null_mut(),
+            0,
+            0,
+            outer_x,
+            outer_y,
+            winuser::SWP_ASYNCWINDOWPOS
+                | winuser::SWP_NOZORDER
+                | winuser::SWP_NOREPOSITION
+                | winuser::SWP_NOMOVE
+                | winuser::SWP_NOACTIVATE,
+        );
+        winuser::InvalidateRgn(window, ptr::null_mut(), 0);
+    }
+}
+
 pub fn adjust_window_rect(hwnd: HWND, rect: RECT) -> Option<RECT> {
     unsafe {
         let style = winuser::GetWindowLongW(hwnd, winuser::GWL_STYLE);

src/platform_impl/windows/window.rs

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ use winapi::{
         oleidl::LPDROPTARGET,
         shobjidl_core::{CLSID_TaskbarList, ITaskbarList2},
         wingdi::{CreateRectRgn, DeleteObject},
-        winnt::{LONG, LPCWSTR},
+        winnt::LPCWSTR,
         winuser,
     },
 };
@@ -32,18 +32,19 @@ use winapi::{
 use crate::{
     dpi::{PhysicalPosition, PhysicalSize, Position, Size},
     error::{ExternalError, NotSupportedError, OsError as RootOsError},
+    icon::Icon,
     monitor::MonitorHandle as RootMonitorHandle,
     platform_impl::platform::{
         dark_mode::try_dark_mode,
         dpi::{dpi_to_scale_factor, hwnd_dpi},
         drop_handler::FileDropHandler,
         event_loop::{self, EventLoopWindowTarget, DESTROY_MSG_ID},
-        icon::{self, IconType, WinIcon},
+        icon::{self, IconType},
         monitor, util,
         window_state::{CursorFlags, SavedWindow, WindowFlags, WindowState},
         PlatformSpecificWindowBuilderAttributes, WindowId,
     },
-    window::{CursorIcon, Fullscreen, Icon, WindowAttributes},
+    window::{CursorIcon, Fullscreen, WindowAttributes},
 };
 
 /// The Win32 implementation of the main `Window` object.
@@ -187,7 +188,7 @@ impl Window {
                     | winuser::SWP_NOSIZE
                     | winuser::SWP_NOACTIVATE,
             );
-            winuser::UpdateWindow(self.window.0);
+            winuser::InvalidateRgn(self.window.0, ptr::null_mut(), 0);
         }
     }
 
@@ -215,42 +216,10 @@ impl Window {
             .unwrap()
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn set_inner_size_physical(&self, x: u32, y: u32) {
-        unsafe {
-            let rect = util::adjust_window_rect(
-                self.window.0,
-                RECT {
-                    top: 0,
-                    left: 0,
-                    bottom: y as LONG,
-                    right: x as LONG,
-                },
-            )
-            .expect("adjust_window_rect failed");
-
-            let outer_x = (rect.right - rect.left).abs() as c_int;
-            let outer_y = (rect.top - rect.bottom).abs() as c_int;
-            winuser::SetWindowPos(
-                self.window.0,
-                ptr::null_mut(),
-                0,
-                0,
-                outer_x,
-                outer_y,
-                winuser::SWP_ASYNCWINDOWPOS
-                    | winuser::SWP_NOZORDER
-                    | winuser::SWP_NOREPOSITION
-                    | winuser::SWP_NOMOVE
-                    | winuser::SWP_NOACTIVATE,
-            );
-            winuser::UpdateWindow(self.window.0);
-        }
-    }
-
     #[inline]
     pub fn set_inner_size(&self, size: Size) {
-        let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-        let (width, height) = size.to_physical::<u32>(dpi_factor).into();
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+        let (width, height) = size.to_physical::<u32>(scale_factor).into();
 
         let window_state = Arc::clone(&self.window_state);
         let window = self.window.clone();
@@ -260,7 +229,7 @@ impl Window {
             });
         });
 
-        self.set_inner_size_physical(width, height);
+        util::set_inner_size_physical(self.window.0, width, height);
     }
 
     #[inline]
@@ -357,13 +326,13 @@ impl Window {
 
     #[inline]
     pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> f64 {
-        self.window_state.lock().dpi_factor
+        self.window_state.lock().scale_factor
     }
 
     #[inline]
     pub fn set_cursor_position(&self, position: Position) -> Result<(), ExternalError> {
-        let dpi_factor = self.scale_factor();
-        let (x, y) = position.to_physical::<i32>(dpi_factor).into();
+        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
+        let (x, y) = position.to_physical::<i32>(scale_factor).into();
 
         let mut point = POINT { x, y };
         unsafe {
@@ -434,7 +403,7 @@ impl Window {
                     let client_rect = util::get_client_rect(window.0).unwrap();
                     window_state_lock.saved_window = Some(SavedWindow {
                         client_rect,
-                        dpi_factor: window_state_lock.dpi_factor,
+                        scale_factor: window_state_lock.scale_factor,
                     });
                 }
                 _ => (),
@@ -538,17 +507,17 @@ impl Window {
                             size.1 as i32,
                             winuser::SWP_ASYNCWINDOWPOS | winuser::SWP_NOZORDER,
                         );
-                        winuser::UpdateWindow(window.0);
+                        winuser::InvalidateRgn(window.0, ptr::null_mut(), 0);
                     }
                 }
                 None => {
                     let mut window_state_lock = window_state.lock();
                     if let Some(SavedWindow {
                         client_rect,
-                        dpi_factor,
+                        scale_factor,
                     }) = window_state_lock.saved_window.take()
                     {
-                        window_state_lock.dpi_factor = dpi_factor;
+                        window_state_lock.scale_factor = scale_factor;
                         drop(window_state_lock);
                         let client_rect = util::adjust_window_rect(window.0, client_rect).unwrap();
 
@@ -564,7 +533,7 @@ impl Window {
                                     | winuser::SWP_NOZORDER
                                     | winuser::SWP_NOACTIVATE,
                             );
-                            winuser::UpdateWindow(window.0);
+                            winuser::InvalidateRgn(window.0, ptr::null_mut(), 0);
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -608,12 +577,11 @@ impl Window {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn set_window_icon(&self, mut window_icon: Option<Icon>) {
-        let window_icon = window_icon
-            .take()
-            .map(|icon| WinIcon::from_icon(icon).expect("Failed to create `ICON_SMALL`"));
+    pub fn set_window_icon(&self, window_icon: Option<Icon>) {
         if let Some(ref window_icon) = window_icon {
-            window_icon.set_for_window(self.window.0, IconType::Small);
+            window_icon
+                .inner
+                .set_for_window(self.window.0, IconType::Small);
         } else {
             icon::unset_for_window(self.window.0, IconType::Small);
         }
@@ -621,12 +589,11 @@ impl Window {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn set_taskbar_icon(&self, mut taskbar_icon: Option<Icon>) {
-        let taskbar_icon = taskbar_icon
-            .take()
-            .map(|icon| WinIcon::from_icon(icon).expect("Failed to create `ICON_BIG`"));
+    pub fn set_taskbar_icon(&self, taskbar_icon: Option<Icon>) {
         if let Some(ref taskbar_icon) = taskbar_icon {
-            taskbar_icon.set_for_window(self.window.0, IconType::Big);
+            taskbar_icon
+                .inner
+                .set_for_window(self.window.0, IconType::Big);
         } else {
             icon::unset_for_window(self.window.0, IconType::Big);
         }
@@ -668,7 +635,7 @@ unsafe impl Sync for WindowWrapper {}
 unsafe impl Send for WindowWrapper {}
 
 unsafe fn init<T: 'static>(
-    mut attributes: WindowAttributes,
+    attributes: WindowAttributes,
     pl_attribs: PlatformSpecificWindowBuilderAttributes,
     event_loop: &EventLoopWindowTarget<T>,
 ) -> Result<Window, RootOsError> {
@@ -677,25 +644,8 @@ unsafe fn init<T: 'static>(
         .chain(Some(0).into_iter())
         .collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
-    let window_icon = {
-        let icon = attributes.window_icon.take().map(WinIcon::from_icon);
-        if let Some(icon) = icon {
-            Some(icon.map_err(|e| os_error!(e))?)
-        } else {
-            None
-        }
-    };
-    let taskbar_icon = {
-        let icon = attributes.window_icon.take().map(WinIcon::from_icon);
-        if let Some(icon) = icon {
-            Some(icon.map_err(|e| os_error!(e))?)
-        } else {
-            None
-        }
-    };
-
     // registering the window class
-    let class_name = register_window_class(&window_icon, &taskbar_icon);
+    let class_name = register_window_class(&attributes.window_icon, &pl_attribs.taskbar_icon);
 
     let mut window_flags = WindowFlags::empty();
     window_flags.set(WindowFlags::DECORATIONS, attributes.decorations);
@@ -744,7 +694,7 @@ unsafe fn init<T: 'static>(
     }
 
     let dpi = hwnd_dpi(real_window.0);
-    let dpi_factor = dpi_to_scale_factor(dpi);
+    let scale_factor = dpi_to_scale_factor(dpi);
 
     // making the window transparent
     if attributes.transparent && !pl_attribs.no_redirection_bitmap {
@@ -778,8 +728,6 @@ unsafe fn init<T: 'static>(
         }
     }
 
-    window_flags.set(WindowFlags::MAXIMIZED, attributes.maximized);
-
     // If the system theme is dark, we need to set the window theme now
     // before we update the window flags (and possibly show the
     // window for the first time).
@@ -788,9 +736,8 @@ unsafe fn init<T: 'static>(
     let window_state = {
         let window_state = WindowState::new(
             &attributes,
-            window_icon,
-            taskbar_icon,
-            dpi_factor,
+            pl_attribs.taskbar_icon,
+            scale_factor,
             dark_mode,
         );
         let window_state = Arc::new(Mutex::new(window_state));
@@ -808,6 +755,11 @@ unsafe fn init<T: 'static>(
         .inner_size
         .unwrap_or_else(|| PhysicalSize::new(1024, 768).into());
     win.set_inner_size(dimensions);
+    if attributes.maximized {
+        // Need to set MAXIMIZED after setting `inner_size` as
+        // `Window::set_inner_size` changes MAXIMIZED to false.
+        win.set_maximized(true);
+    }
     win.set_visible(attributes.visible);
 
     if let Some(_) = attributes.fullscreen {
@@ -819,8 +771,8 @@ unsafe fn init<T: 'static>(
 }
 
 unsafe fn register_window_class(
-    window_icon: &Option<WinIcon>,
-    taskbar_icon: &Option<WinIcon>,
+    window_icon: &Option<Icon>,
+    taskbar_icon: &Option<Icon>,
 ) -> Vec<u16> {
     let class_name: Vec<_> = OsStr::new("Window Class")
         .encode_wide()
@@ -829,11 +781,11 @@ unsafe fn register_window_class(
 
     let h_icon = taskbar_icon
         .as_ref()
-        .map(|icon| icon.handle)
+        .map(|icon| icon.inner.as_raw_handle())
         .unwrap_or(ptr::null_mut());
     let h_icon_small = window_icon
         .as_ref()
-        .map(|icon| icon.handle)
+        .map(|icon| icon.inner.as_raw_handle())
         .unwrap_or(ptr::null_mut());
 
     let class = winuser::WNDCLASSEXW {

src/platform_impl/windows/window_state.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 use crate::{
-    dpi::Size,
-    platform_impl::platform::{event_loop, icon::WinIcon, util},
+    dpi::{PhysicalPosition, Size},
+    event::ModifiersState,
+    icon::Icon,
+    platform_impl::platform::{event_loop, util},
     window::{CursorIcon, Fullscreen, WindowAttributes},
 };
 use parking_lot::MutexGuard;
@@ -14,7 +16,6 @@ use winapi::{
 };
 
 /// Contains information about states and the window that the callback is going to use.
-#[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct WindowState {
     pub mouse: MouseProperties,
 
@@ -22,16 +23,14 @@ pub struct WindowState {
     pub min_size: Option<Size>,
     pub max_size: Option<Size>,
 
-    pub window_icon: Option<WinIcon>,
-    pub taskbar_icon: Option<WinIcon>,
+    pub window_icon: Option<Icon>,
+    pub taskbar_icon: Option<Icon>,
 
     pub saved_window: Option<SavedWindow>,
-    pub dpi_factor: f64,
+    pub scale_factor: f64,
 
+    pub modifiers_state: ModifiersState,
     pub fullscreen: Option<Fullscreen>,
-    /// Used to supress duplicate redraw attempts when calling `request_redraw` multiple
-    /// times in `EventsCleared`.
-    pub queued_out_of_band_redraw: bool,
     pub is_dark_mode: bool,
     pub high_surrogate: Option<u16>,
     window_flags: WindowFlags,
@@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ pub struct WindowState {
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct SavedWindow {
     pub client_rect: RECT,
-    pub dpi_factor: f64,
+    pub scale_factor: f64,
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
@@ -48,6 +47,7 @@ pub struct MouseProperties {
     pub cursor: CursorIcon,
     pub buttons_down: u32,
     cursor_flags: CursorFlags,
+    pub last_position: Option<PhysicalPosition<f64>>,
 }
 
 bitflags! {
@@ -80,7 +80,9 @@ bitflags! {
         /// window's state to match our stored state. This controls whether to accept those changes.
         const MARKER_RETAIN_STATE_ON_SIZE = 1 << 10;
 
-        const MINIMIZED = 1 << 11;
+        const MARKER_IN_SIZE_MOVE = 1 << 11;
+
+        const MINIMIZED = 1 << 12;
 
         const FULLSCREEN_AND_MASK = !(
             WindowFlags::DECORATIONS.bits |
@@ -96,9 +98,8 @@ bitflags! {
 impl WindowState {
     pub fn new(
         attributes: &WindowAttributes,
-        window_icon: Option<WinIcon>,
-        taskbar_icon: Option<WinIcon>,
-        dpi_factor: f64,
+        taskbar_icon: Option<Icon>,
+        scale_factor: f64,
         is_dark_mode: bool,
     ) -> WindowState {
         WindowState {
@@ -106,19 +107,20 @@ impl WindowState {
                 cursor: CursorIcon::default(),
                 buttons_down: 0,
                 cursor_flags: CursorFlags::empty(),
+                last_position: None,
             },
 
             min_size: attributes.min_inner_size,
             max_size: attributes.max_inner_size,
 
-            window_icon,
+            window_icon: attributes.window_icon.clone(),
             taskbar_icon,
 
             saved_window: None,
-            dpi_factor,
+            scale_factor,
 
+            modifiers_state: ModifiersState::default(),
             fullscreen: None,
-            queued_out_of_band_redraw: false,
             is_dark_mode,
             high_surrogate: None,
             window_flags: WindowFlags::empty(),
@@ -268,7 +270,7 @@ impl WindowFlags {
                         | winuser::SWP_NOSIZE
                         | winuser::SWP_NOACTIVATE,
                 );
-                winuser::UpdateWindow(window);
+                winuser::InvalidateRgn(window, ptr::null_mut(), 0);
             }
         }
 

src/window.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use crate::{
     platform_impl,
 };
 
-pub use crate::icon::*;
+pub use crate::icon::{BadIcon, Icon};
 
 /// Represents a window.
 ///
@@ -26,12 +26,14 @@ pub use crate::icon::*;
 /// let window = Window::new(&event_loop).unwrap();
 ///
 /// event_loop.run(move |event, _, control_flow| {
+///     *control_flow = ControlFlow::Wait;
+///
 ///     match event {
 ///         Event::WindowEvent {
 ///             event: WindowEvent::CloseRequested,
 ///             ..
 ///         } => *control_flow = ControlFlow::Exit,
-///         _ => *control_flow = ControlFlow::Wait,
+///         _ => (),
 ///     }
 /// });
 /// ```
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ impl WindowId {
 }
 
 /// Object that allows you to build windows.
-#[derive(Clone)]
+#[derive(Clone, Default)]
 pub struct WindowBuilder {
     /// The attributes to use to create the window.
     pub window: WindowAttributes,
@@ -185,10 +187,7 @@ impl WindowBuilder {
     /// Initializes a new `WindowBuilder` with default values.
     #[inline]
     pub fn new() -> Self {
-        WindowBuilder {
-            window: Default::default(),
-            platform_specific: Default::default(),
-        }
+        Default::default()
     }
 
     /// Requests the window to be of specific dimensions.
@@ -393,10 +392,10 @@ impl Window {
     /// This is the **strongly encouraged** method of redrawing windows, as it can integrate with
     /// OS-requested redraws (e.g. when a window gets resized).
     ///
-    /// This function can cause `RedrawRequested` events to be emitted after `Event::EventsCleared`
+    /// This function can cause `RedrawRequested` events to be emitted after `Event::MainEventsCleared`
     /// but before `Event::NewEvents` if called in the following circumstances:
-    /// * While processing `EventsCleared`.
-    /// * While processing a `RedrawRequested` event that was sent during `EventsCleared` or any
+    /// * While processing `MainEventsCleared`.
+    /// * While processing a `RedrawRequested` event that was sent during `MainEventsCleared` or any
     ///   directly subsequent `RedrawRequested` event.
     ///
     /// ## Platform-specific